Hydrogen Generation—Homogeneous
Laurenczy Gábor,
Laurenczy Gábor
EPFL, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
Search for more papers by this authorLaurenczy Gábor,
Laurenczy Gábor
EPFL, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
Search for more papers by this authorFirst published: 15 September 2010
Abstract
Today industrial hydrogen production is dominated by processes based on heterogeneous catalysts, using fossil fuels as H2 sources. However, homogeneous catalysts are becoming more popular in the generation of H2 for hydrogen storage, delivery, and in mobile/on-site or small volume hydrogen applications. Generally for these applications, the H2 gas produced should be pure (eg, no CO contamination), the hydrogen generation should take place under mild conditions, and the H2 supply unit should be small. Most notably, research into homogeneous catalysis has focused on the chemical storage/delivery systems, based on sodium borohydride, ammonia-borane, hydrocarbons/alcohols, and formic acid. In the HCOOHCO2, cycle the greenhouse carbon dioxide gas is used as the hydrogen vector.
The use of solar energy in homogeneous catalytic H2 gas production from water and from other hydrogen sources is the subject of extensive studies. A direct photochemical process converts solar energy into hydrogen much more efficiently than the two-step electricity–water electrolysis/H2 gas route.
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