Pd-Catalysed Direct Arylation Polymerisation for Synthesis of Low-Bandgap Conjugated Polymers and Photovoltaic Performance
Shu-Wei Chang
Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters, Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing-Hua University, 101, Section 2, Kuang-Fu Road, Hsinchu, 30013 Taiwan
Search for more papers by this authorHuw Waters
School of Electronic Engineering, Bangor University, Dean st., Bangor, Gwynedd, LL57 1UT, Wales, UK
Search for more papers by this authorJeff Kettle
School of Electronic Engineering, Bangor University, Dean st., Bangor, Gwynedd, LL57 1UT, Wales, UK
Search for more papers by this authorZi-Rui Kuo
Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters, Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing-Hua University, 101, Section 2, Kuang-Fu Road, Hsinchu, 30013 Taiwan
Search for more papers by this authorChun-Han Li
Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters, Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing-Hua University, 101, Section 2, Kuang-Fu Road, Hsinchu, 30013 Taiwan
Search for more papers by this authorChin-Yang Yu
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, 43, Section 4, Keelung Road, Taipei, 106 Taiwan
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Masaki Horie
Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters, Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing-Hua University, 101, Section 2, Kuang-Fu Road, Hsinchu, 30013 Taiwan
Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters, Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing-Hua University, 101, Section 2, Kuang-Fu Road, Hsinchu, 30013 Taiwan.Search for more papers by this authorShu-Wei Chang
Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters, Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing-Hua University, 101, Section 2, Kuang-Fu Road, Hsinchu, 30013 Taiwan
Search for more papers by this authorHuw Waters
School of Electronic Engineering, Bangor University, Dean st., Bangor, Gwynedd, LL57 1UT, Wales, UK
Search for more papers by this authorJeff Kettle
School of Electronic Engineering, Bangor University, Dean st., Bangor, Gwynedd, LL57 1UT, Wales, UK
Search for more papers by this authorZi-Rui Kuo
Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters, Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing-Hua University, 101, Section 2, Kuang-Fu Road, Hsinchu, 30013 Taiwan
Search for more papers by this authorChun-Han Li
Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters, Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing-Hua University, 101, Section 2, Kuang-Fu Road, Hsinchu, 30013 Taiwan
Search for more papers by this authorChin-Yang Yu
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, 43, Section 4, Keelung Road, Taipei, 106 Taiwan
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Masaki Horie
Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters, Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing-Hua University, 101, Section 2, Kuang-Fu Road, Hsinchu, 30013 Taiwan
Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters, Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing-Hua University, 101, Section 2, Kuang-Fu Road, Hsinchu, 30013 Taiwan.Search for more papers by this authorAbstract
Low-bandgap conjugated copolymers based on a donor–acceptor structure have been synthesised via palladium-complex catalysed direct arylation polymerisation. Initially, we report the optimisation of the synthesis of poly(cyclopentadithiophene-alt-benzothiadiazole) (PCPDTBT) formed between cyclopentadithiophene and dibromobenzothiadiazole units. The polymerisation condition has been optimised, which affords high-molecular-weight polymers of up to Mn = 70 k using N-methylpyrrolidone as a solvent. The polymers are used to fabricate organic photovoltaic devices and the best performing PCPDTBT device exhibits a moderate improvement over devices fabricated using the related polymer via Suzuki coupling. Similar polymerisation conditions have also been applied for other monomer units.
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