Volume 33, Issue 7 e4475
RESEARCH ARTICLE

Multiuser steered signed quadrature spatial modulation for millimeter-wave massive multiple-input multiple-output with hybrid beamforming

Taissir Y. Elganimi

Taissir Y. Elganimi

Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Tripoli, Tripoli, Libya

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Ammar M. Abu-Hudrouss

Corresponding Author

Ammar M. Abu-Hudrouss

Electrical Engineering and Smart Systems Department, Islamic University of Gaza, Gaza Strip, Palestine

Correspondence to:

Ammar M. Abu-Hudrouss, Electrical Engineering and Smart Systems Department, Islamic University of Gaza, PO box 108, Gaza Strip, Palestine.

Email: [email protected]

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Khaled M. Rabie

Khaled M. Rabie

Department of Engineering, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK

Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Science, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa

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First published: 27 February 2022

Abstract

In this article, signed quadrature spatial modulation (SQSM) scheme is intrinsically amalgamated with both fully digital geometric mean decomposition (GMD)-based precoding technique and analog beamforming (ABF) for transmission over millimeter-wave (mmWave) channel. Explicitly, the proposed scheme combines SQSM and GMD-based hybrid beamforming (HBF) in downlink multiuser scenario, where the Frobenius norm-based user selection algorithm is considered. This proposed scheme is denoted as multiuser steered SQSM (MUS-SQSM). The ABF is used to mitigate the severity of the propagation loss in mmWave band by using power amplifiers and phase shifters. The performance of the proposed scheme in terms of both the bit error rate and the average mutual information is assessed in comparison to the conventional SQSM scheme performance. Simulation results show that significant improvements are realized by both the user selection algorithm and the application of ABF technique as the number of antenna array elements increases. It is also demonstrated that MUS-SQSM scheme is robust against the channel estimation errors. Furthermore, the proposed MUS-SQSM scheme with HBF benefits from the multiplexing gain of SQSM, the diversity gain of serving multiple users, and from the beamforming gain. All these gains increase the energy efficiency of the proposed model; thus, the proposed scheme can be considered in 5G wireless systems deployment.

DATA AVAILABILITY STATEMENT

The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

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