Catalytic Toluene Reforming with In Situ CO2 Capture via an Iron–Calcium Hybrid Absorbent for Promoted Hydrogen Production
Corresponding Author
Long Han
Institute of Energy and Power Engineering, College of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Chaowang Rd. 18, Hangzhou, 310014 China
Search for more papers by this authorQi Liu
Institute of Energy and Power Engineering, College of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Chaowang Rd. 18, Hangzhou, 310014 China
Search for more papers by this authorYuan Zhang
Department of Environmental Impact Assessment, Hangzhou Branch of Zhejiang Environment Technology Co., LTD, Xiangwang Rd. 199, Hangzhou, 311100 China
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Qinhui Wang
State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilisation, Institute for Thermal Power Engineering, Zhejiang University, Zheda Rd. 38, Hangzhou, 310027 China
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Nai Rong
Department of Building Environment and Thermal Engineering, School of Environment and Energy Engineering, Anhui Jianzhu University, Ziyun Rd. 292, Hefei, 230601 China
Search for more papers by this authorXiaorui Liang
State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilisation, Institute for Thermal Power Engineering, Zhejiang University, Zheda Rd. 38, Hangzhou, 310027 China
Search for more papers by this authorYi Feng
State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilisation, Institute for Thermal Power Engineering, Zhejiang University, Zheda Rd. 38, Hangzhou, 310027 China
Search for more papers by this authorKaili Ma
Institute of Energy and Power Engineering, College of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Chaowang Rd. 18, Hangzhou, 310014 China
Search for more papers by this authorMi Yan
Institute of Energy and Power Engineering, College of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Chaowang Rd. 18, Hangzhou, 310014 China
Search for more papers by this authorYanjun Hu
Institute of Energy and Power Engineering, College of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Chaowang Rd. 18, Hangzhou, 310014 China
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Long Han
Institute of Energy and Power Engineering, College of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Chaowang Rd. 18, Hangzhou, 310014 China
Search for more papers by this authorQi Liu
Institute of Energy and Power Engineering, College of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Chaowang Rd. 18, Hangzhou, 310014 China
Search for more papers by this authorYuan Zhang
Department of Environmental Impact Assessment, Hangzhou Branch of Zhejiang Environment Technology Co., LTD, Xiangwang Rd. 199, Hangzhou, 311100 China
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Qinhui Wang
State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilisation, Institute for Thermal Power Engineering, Zhejiang University, Zheda Rd. 38, Hangzhou, 310027 China
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Nai Rong
Department of Building Environment and Thermal Engineering, School of Environment and Energy Engineering, Anhui Jianzhu University, Ziyun Rd. 292, Hefei, 230601 China
Search for more papers by this authorXiaorui Liang
State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilisation, Institute for Thermal Power Engineering, Zhejiang University, Zheda Rd. 38, Hangzhou, 310027 China
Search for more papers by this authorYi Feng
State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilisation, Institute for Thermal Power Engineering, Zhejiang University, Zheda Rd. 38, Hangzhou, 310027 China
Search for more papers by this authorKaili Ma
Institute of Energy and Power Engineering, College of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Chaowang Rd. 18, Hangzhou, 310014 China
Search for more papers by this authorMi Yan
Institute of Energy and Power Engineering, College of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Chaowang Rd. 18, Hangzhou, 310014 China
Search for more papers by this authorYanjun Hu
Institute of Energy and Power Engineering, College of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Chaowang Rd. 18, Hangzhou, 310014 China
Search for more papers by this authorAbstract
A two-step sol–gel method is adopted to prepare an iron–calcium hybrid absorbent (Ca–Al–Fe) integrating iron catalysis component and inert support with CaO for calcium looping gasification. Effects of Ca–Al–Fe on cyclic CO2 capture reactivity, mechanical strength, and enhanced reforming of biomass tar model component (toluene) are investigated by comparing with three reference absorbents. Results show that main components of Ca–Al–Fe are CaO, mayenite (Ca12Al14O33), and brownmillerite (Ca2Fe2O5). Ca12Al14O33 plays key roles in keeping stable cyclic carbonation reactivity and significantly promotes mechanical strength of the novel absorbent. In comparison with other absorbents without coupling Ca12Al14O33 or Ca2Fe2O5, Ca–Al–Fe approaches the highest toluene conversion (around 60%) and has the lowest coke deposition (12.2 mg g−1), due to the synergetic influences of Ca2Fe2O5 and Ca12Al14O33, which significantly promotes hydrogen production while reducing CO2 yield in reforming syngas. In addition, influences of reaction conditions such as iron loading, reaction temperature, molar ratio of H2O to carbon in toluene, and absorbent particle size on toluene reforming are examined in the presence of Ca–Al–Fe. Potential reaction routes of toluene reforming are also analyzed and discussed.
Conflict of Interest
The authors declare no conflict of interest.
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