Recent Advances
Exploring the Mechanism, Advancements, and Application of Thermogalvanic Effect in Hydrogels
Xiaoyu Yang,
Peng Wang,
Xiaolong Wu,
Yongli Liao,
Senyun Liu,
Wei Duan,
Ying Yue,
Xiaoyu Yang
School of Energy, Power and Mechanical Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Baoding, Hebei, 071000 China
Hebei Key Laboratory of Electric Machinery Health Maintenance & Failure Prevention, North China Electric Power University, Baoding, Hebei, 071003 China
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Peng Wang
School of Energy, Power and Mechanical Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Baoding, Hebei, 071000 China
Hebei Key Laboratory of Electric Machinery Health Maintenance & Failure Prevention, North China Electric Power University, Baoding, Hebei, 071003 China
E-mail: [email protected]Search for more papers by this authorXiaolong Wu
School of Energy, Power and Mechanical Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Baoding, Hebei, 071000 China
Hebei Key Laboratory of Electric Machinery Health Maintenance & Failure Prevention, North China Electric Power University, Baoding, Hebei, 071003 China
Search for more papers by this authorYongli Liao
Electric Power Research Institute, China South Power Grid, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510000 China
Search for more papers by this authorSenyun Liu
Key Laboratory of Icing and Anti/De-icing, China Aerodynamics Research and Development Center, Mianyang, Sichuan, 621000 China
Search for more papers by this authorWei Duan
School of Energy, Power and Mechanical Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Baoding, Hebei, 071000 China
Hebei Key Laboratory of Electric Machinery Health Maintenance & Failure Prevention, North China Electric Power University, Baoding, Hebei, 071003 China
Search for more papers by this authorYing Yue
School of Energy, Power and Mechanical Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Baoding, Hebei, 071000 China
Hebei Key Laboratory of Electric Machinery Health Maintenance & Failure Prevention, North China Electric Power University, Baoding, Hebei, 071003 China
Search for more papers by this authorXiaoyu Yang,
Peng Wang,
Xiaolong Wu,
Yongli Liao,
Senyun Liu,
Wei Duan,
Ying Yue,
Xiaoyu Yang
School of Energy, Power and Mechanical Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Baoding, Hebei, 071000 China
Hebei Key Laboratory of Electric Machinery Health Maintenance & Failure Prevention, North China Electric Power University, Baoding, Hebei, 071003 China
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Peng Wang
School of Energy, Power and Mechanical Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Baoding, Hebei, 071000 China
Hebei Key Laboratory of Electric Machinery Health Maintenance & Failure Prevention, North China Electric Power University, Baoding, Hebei, 071003 China
E-mail: [email protected]Search for more papers by this authorXiaolong Wu
School of Energy, Power and Mechanical Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Baoding, Hebei, 071000 China
Hebei Key Laboratory of Electric Machinery Health Maintenance & Failure Prevention, North China Electric Power University, Baoding, Hebei, 071003 China
Search for more papers by this authorYongli Liao
Electric Power Research Institute, China South Power Grid, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510000 China
Search for more papers by this authorSenyun Liu
Key Laboratory of Icing and Anti/De-icing, China Aerodynamics Research and Development Center, Mianyang, Sichuan, 621000 China
Search for more papers by this authorWei Duan
School of Energy, Power and Mechanical Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Baoding, Hebei, 071000 China
Hebei Key Laboratory of Electric Machinery Health Maintenance & Failure Prevention, North China Electric Power University, Baoding, Hebei, 071003 China
Search for more papers by this authorYing Yue
School of Energy, Power and Mechanical Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Baoding, Hebei, 071000 China
Hebei Key Laboratory of Electric Machinery Health Maintenance & Failure Prevention, North China Electric Power University, Baoding, Hebei, 071003 China
Search for more papers by this authorComprehensive Summary
The issue of energy consumption has garnered significant interest due to its excessive usage. Recently, thermoelectric devices have been getting increased attention, as they can harness waste heat from various sources, such as solar radiation, human body, and industrial processes. Traditionally, the recovery of low-grade heat has been a challenge, resulting in unsustainable energy use and significant losses. While considerable advances have been made in thermoelectric materials in recent decades, the majority of these devices still primarily employ semiconductors. Nevertheless, the emergence of quasi-solid-state thermoelectric materials represents a novel development with profound promise for the environment and society. These materials offer several advantages, such as improved energy conversion capacities, cost-effectiveness, versatility, and scalability, to support increased usage. Additionally, this review explores the application of thermoelectric materials in self-powered sensors, integrated modules, and heat harvesting management. Lastly, the potential of high-performance thermocouples based on thermogalvanic effects is assessed, along with the challenges that must be overcome to realize this goal.
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