Metallgewinnung mittels Geobiotechnologie
Metal Recovery via Geobiotechnology
Sabrina Hedrich
Bundesanstalt für Geowissenschaften und Rohstoffe (BGR), Arbeitsbereich Geomikrobiologie, Fachbereich Geochemie der Rohstoffe, Stilleweg 2, 30655 Hannover, Deutschland.
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Axel Schippers
Bundesanstalt für Geowissenschaften und Rohstoffe (BGR), Arbeitsbereich Geomikrobiologie, Fachbereich Geochemie der Rohstoffe, Stilleweg 2, 30655 Hannover, Deutschland.
Bundesanstalt für Geowissenschaften und Rohstoffe (BGR), Arbeitsbereich Geomikrobiologie, Fachbereich Geochemie der Rohstoffe, Stilleweg 2, 30655 Hannover, Deutschland.Search for more papers by this authorSabrina Hedrich
Bundesanstalt für Geowissenschaften und Rohstoffe (BGR), Arbeitsbereich Geomikrobiologie, Fachbereich Geochemie der Rohstoffe, Stilleweg 2, 30655 Hannover, Deutschland.
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Axel Schippers
Bundesanstalt für Geowissenschaften und Rohstoffe (BGR), Arbeitsbereich Geomikrobiologie, Fachbereich Geochemie der Rohstoffe, Stilleweg 2, 30655 Hannover, Deutschland.
Bundesanstalt für Geowissenschaften und Rohstoffe (BGR), Arbeitsbereich Geomikrobiologie, Fachbereich Geochemie der Rohstoffe, Stilleweg 2, 30655 Hannover, Deutschland.Search for more papers by this authorAbstract
deSpezialisierte säureliebende Bakterien und Archaeen sind in der Lage Wertmetalle wie Kupfer, Gold, Kobalt, Nickel, Zink und Uran aus sulfidischen Erzen zu laugen. Dieser Prozess ist als Biolaugung bekannt und dessen Anwendung in der Bergbauindustrie als Biomining. Laborstudien haben auch die Biolaugung oxidischer Erze wie Laterite sowie von Bergbaurückständen wie Bergehalden und das Recycling von Abfall (secondary mining) gezeigt. Die gelaugten Metalle müssen aus den sauren polymetallischen Lösungen (Bergbau- und Prozesswässer) gewonnen werden, was mittels Biosorption oder Biomineralisation möglich ist.
Abstract
enSpecialized acidophilic bacteria and archaea are able to extract valuable metals such as copper, gold, cobalt, nickel, zinc, and uranium from sulfide ores. This process is known as bioleaching and its application in the mining industry as biomining. Laboratory studies also demonstrated bioleaching of oxide ores such as laterites and of mining residues such as mine tailings as well as metal recycling from waste (secondary mining). Metals being leached have to be recovered from acidic polymetallic solutions (mine and process waters) which is possible via biosorption or biomineralisation.
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