Poly(Vinylidene Fluoride-co-Hexafluoropropylene) Matrix Nanocomposites Reinforced With Various Types of BaTiO3 Nanoparticles for Flexible Energy Storage Applications
Corresponding Author
Levent Koroglu
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Eskisehir Technical University, Eskisehir, Turkey
BCMaterials, Basque Center for Materials Applications and Nanostructures, UPV/EHU Science Park, Leioa, Spain
Correspondence:
Levent Koroglu ([email protected])
Carmen R. Tubio ([email protected])
Contribution: Conceptualization (equal), Investigation (lead), Visualization (lead), Writing - original draft (lead)
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Carmen R. Tubio
BCMaterials, Basque Center for Materials Applications and Nanostructures, UPV/EHU Science Park, Leioa, Spain
Correspondence:
Levent Koroglu ([email protected])
Carmen R. Tubio ([email protected])
Contribution: Conceptualization (equal), Investigation (equal), Methodology (lead), Writing - review & editing (equal)
Search for more papers by this authorCarlos M. Costa
Physics Centre of Minho and Porto Universities (CF-UM-UP) and Laboratory of Physics for Materials and Emergent Technologies (LapMET), University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
Institute of Science and Innovation for Bio-Sustainability (IB-S), University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
Contribution: Funding acquisition (equal), Investigation (equal), Writing - review & editing (equal)
Search for more papers by this authorErhan Ayas
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Eskisehir Technical University, Eskisehir, Turkey
Contribution: Supervision (equal), Writing - review & editing (equal)
Search for more papers by this authorSenentxu Lanceros-Mendez
BCMaterials, Basque Center for Materials Applications and Nanostructures, UPV/EHU Science Park, Leioa, Spain
Physics Centre of Minho and Porto Universities (CF-UM-UP) and Laboratory of Physics for Materials and Emergent Technologies (LapMET), University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
IKERBASQUE Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
Contribution: Funding acquisition (equal), Supervision (equal), Writing - review & editing (equal)
Search for more papers by this authorNuran Ay
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Eskisehir Technical University, Eskisehir, Turkey
Contribution: Funding acquisition (equal), Supervision (equal), Writing - review & editing (equal)
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Levent Koroglu
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Eskisehir Technical University, Eskisehir, Turkey
BCMaterials, Basque Center for Materials Applications and Nanostructures, UPV/EHU Science Park, Leioa, Spain
Correspondence:
Levent Koroglu ([email protected])
Carmen R. Tubio ([email protected])
Contribution: Conceptualization (equal), Investigation (lead), Visualization (lead), Writing - original draft (lead)
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Carmen R. Tubio
BCMaterials, Basque Center for Materials Applications and Nanostructures, UPV/EHU Science Park, Leioa, Spain
Correspondence:
Levent Koroglu ([email protected])
Carmen R. Tubio ([email protected])
Contribution: Conceptualization (equal), Investigation (equal), Methodology (lead), Writing - review & editing (equal)
Search for more papers by this authorCarlos M. Costa
Physics Centre of Minho and Porto Universities (CF-UM-UP) and Laboratory of Physics for Materials and Emergent Technologies (LapMET), University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
Institute of Science and Innovation for Bio-Sustainability (IB-S), University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
Contribution: Funding acquisition (equal), Investigation (equal), Writing - review & editing (equal)
Search for more papers by this authorErhan Ayas
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Eskisehir Technical University, Eskisehir, Turkey
Contribution: Supervision (equal), Writing - review & editing (equal)
Search for more papers by this authorSenentxu Lanceros-Mendez
BCMaterials, Basque Center for Materials Applications and Nanostructures, UPV/EHU Science Park, Leioa, Spain
Physics Centre of Minho and Porto Universities (CF-UM-UP) and Laboratory of Physics for Materials and Emergent Technologies (LapMET), University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
IKERBASQUE Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
Contribution: Funding acquisition (equal), Supervision (equal), Writing - review & editing (equal)
Search for more papers by this authorNuran Ay
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Eskisehir Technical University, Eskisehir, Turkey
Contribution: Funding acquisition (equal), Supervision (equal), Writing - review & editing (equal)
Search for more papers by this authorFunding: This work was supported by Eskisehir Teknik Universitesi, 22DRP206. Fundao para a Cincia e Tecnologia, UIDB/04650/2020, UID/FIS/04650/2020. Eusko Jaurlaritza, ELKARTEK.
ABSTRACT
Poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene), (PVDF-HFP), matrix nanocomposites have been prepared by solution casting, reinforced with BaTiO3 nanoparticles (BT NPs) and surface modified BT NPs (BT-VTS NPs) with a silane coupling agent (VTS) by 0, 5, 15, and 25 wt.%. The effects of filler content and surface modification of nanofillers on the microstructure development, phase evolution, crystallization behavior, and dielectric properties of the nanocomposites are investigated. Furthermore, the energy storage performance of BT-VTS-reinforced nanocomposites is evaluated. The surface modification of BT NPs presents some advantages: it prevents aggregation, restricts interface polarization, and keeps dielectric loss of the nanocomposites low as the relative permittivities rise with filler content. 25% BT-VTS-reinforced nanocomposites with a β-phase fraction of 45% and a crystallinity of 14% provide a higher relative permittivity (22. at 1 kHz) than that of the neat PVDF-HFP thin films (11). Moreover, they present a low loss tangent (0.043) as the neat thin films (0.042). 25% BT-VTS/PVDF-HFP nanocomposites demonstrate a discharged energy density of 4.8 J cm−3 at 220 MV m−1 with a charge–discharge efficiency of 26%. Consequently, the energy density of the neat PVDF-HFP thin films (3.4 J cm−3 at 238 MV m−1) is improved by 40% after the addition of 25% BT-VTS NPs.
Conflicts of Interest
The authors declare no conflicts of interest.
Open Research
Data Availability Statement
The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
Supporting Information
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Data S1. Supplementary Information. |
Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
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