Stability of Fe-N-C Catalysts in Acidic Medium Studied by Operando Spectroscopy
Corresponding Author
Dr. Chang Hyuck Choi
Department of Interface Chemistry and Surface Engineering, Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung GmbH, Max-Planck-Strasse 1, 40237 Düsseldorf (Germany)
Chang Hyuck Choi, Department of Interface Chemistry and Surface Engineering, Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung GmbH, Max-Planck-Strasse 1, 40237 Düsseldorf (Germany)
Frédéric Jaouen, Université de Montpellier, Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier, 2 place Eugène Bataillon, 34095, Montpellier (France)
Karl J. J. Mayrhofer, Department of Interface Chemistry and Surface Engineering, Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung GmbH, Max-Planck-Strasse 1, 40237 Düsseldorf (Germany)
Search for more papers by this authorClaudio Baldizzone
Department of Interface Chemistry and Surface Engineering, Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung GmbH, Max-Planck-Strasse 1, 40237 Düsseldorf (Germany)
Search for more papers by this authorJan-Philipp Grote
Department of Interface Chemistry and Surface Engineering, Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung GmbH, Max-Planck-Strasse 1, 40237 Düsseldorf (Germany)
Search for more papers by this authorDr. Anna K. Schuppert
Université de Montpellier, Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier, 2 place Eugène Bataillon, 34095, Montpellier (France)
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Dr. Frédéric Jaouen
Université de Montpellier, Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier, 2 place Eugène Bataillon, 34095, Montpellier (France)
Chang Hyuck Choi, Department of Interface Chemistry and Surface Engineering, Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung GmbH, Max-Planck-Strasse 1, 40237 Düsseldorf (Germany)
Frédéric Jaouen, Université de Montpellier, Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier, 2 place Eugène Bataillon, 34095, Montpellier (France)
Karl J. J. Mayrhofer, Department of Interface Chemistry and Surface Engineering, Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung GmbH, Max-Planck-Strasse 1, 40237 Düsseldorf (Germany)
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Dr. Karl J. J. Mayrhofer
Department of Interface Chemistry and Surface Engineering, Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung GmbH, Max-Planck-Strasse 1, 40237 Düsseldorf (Germany)
Chang Hyuck Choi, Department of Interface Chemistry and Surface Engineering, Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung GmbH, Max-Planck-Strasse 1, 40237 Düsseldorf (Germany)
Frédéric Jaouen, Université de Montpellier, Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier, 2 place Eugène Bataillon, 34095, Montpellier (France)
Karl J. J. Mayrhofer, Department of Interface Chemistry and Surface Engineering, Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung GmbH, Max-Planck-Strasse 1, 40237 Düsseldorf (Germany)
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Dr. Chang Hyuck Choi
Department of Interface Chemistry and Surface Engineering, Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung GmbH, Max-Planck-Strasse 1, 40237 Düsseldorf (Germany)
Chang Hyuck Choi, Department of Interface Chemistry and Surface Engineering, Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung GmbH, Max-Planck-Strasse 1, 40237 Düsseldorf (Germany)
Frédéric Jaouen, Université de Montpellier, Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier, 2 place Eugène Bataillon, 34095, Montpellier (France)
Karl J. J. Mayrhofer, Department of Interface Chemistry and Surface Engineering, Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung GmbH, Max-Planck-Strasse 1, 40237 Düsseldorf (Germany)
Search for more papers by this authorClaudio Baldizzone
Department of Interface Chemistry and Surface Engineering, Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung GmbH, Max-Planck-Strasse 1, 40237 Düsseldorf (Germany)
Search for more papers by this authorJan-Philipp Grote
Department of Interface Chemistry and Surface Engineering, Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung GmbH, Max-Planck-Strasse 1, 40237 Düsseldorf (Germany)
Search for more papers by this authorDr. Anna K. Schuppert
Université de Montpellier, Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier, 2 place Eugène Bataillon, 34095, Montpellier (France)
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Dr. Frédéric Jaouen
Université de Montpellier, Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier, 2 place Eugène Bataillon, 34095, Montpellier (France)
Chang Hyuck Choi, Department of Interface Chemistry and Surface Engineering, Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung GmbH, Max-Planck-Strasse 1, 40237 Düsseldorf (Germany)
Frédéric Jaouen, Université de Montpellier, Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier, 2 place Eugène Bataillon, 34095, Montpellier (France)
Karl J. J. Mayrhofer, Department of Interface Chemistry and Surface Engineering, Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung GmbH, Max-Planck-Strasse 1, 40237 Düsseldorf (Germany)
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Dr. Karl J. J. Mayrhofer
Department of Interface Chemistry and Surface Engineering, Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung GmbH, Max-Planck-Strasse 1, 40237 Düsseldorf (Germany)
Chang Hyuck Choi, Department of Interface Chemistry and Surface Engineering, Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung GmbH, Max-Planck-Strasse 1, 40237 Düsseldorf (Germany)
Frédéric Jaouen, Université de Montpellier, Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier, 2 place Eugène Bataillon, 34095, Montpellier (France)
Karl J. J. Mayrhofer, Department of Interface Chemistry and Surface Engineering, Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung GmbH, Max-Planck-Strasse 1, 40237 Düsseldorf (Germany)
Search for more papers by this authorAbstract
Fundamental understanding of non-precious metal catalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is the nub for the successful replacement of noble Pt in fuel cells and, therefore, of central importance for a technological breakthrough. Herein, the degradation mechanisms of a model high-performance Fe-N-C catalyst have been studied with online inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and differential electrochemical mass spectroscopy (DEMS) coupled to a modified scanning flow cell (SFC) system. We demonstrate that Fe leaching from iron particles occurs at low potential (<0.7 V) without a direct adverse effect on the ORR activity, while carbon oxidation occurs at high potential (>0.9 V) with a destruction of active sites such as FeNxCy species. Operando techniques combined with identical location-scanning transmission electron spectroscopy (IL-STEM) identify that the latter mechanism leads to a major ORR activity decay, depending on the upper potential limit and electrolyte temperature. Stable operando potential windows and operational strategies are suggested for avoiding degradation of Fe-N-C catalysts in acidic medium.
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