Masseter muscle and gingival tissue inflammatory response following treatment with high-fructose corn syrup in rats: Anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of kefir
Ömer Ekici
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Afyonkarahisar Health Sciences University, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
Contribution: Project administration
Search for more papers by this authorEsra Aslan
Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Afyonkarahisar Health Sciences University, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
Contribution: Visualization
Search for more papers by this authorTuğçe Aladağ
Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Afyonkarahisar Health Sciences University, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
Contribution: Visualization
Search for more papers by this authorHilal Güzel
Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Afyonkarahisar Health Sciences University, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
Contribution: Data curation
Search for more papers by this authorÖmer Adil Korkmaz
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Yildiz Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
Contribution: Investigation
Search for more papers by this authorAykut Bostancı
Department of Biology, K.Ö. Science Faculty, Karamanoglu Mehmetbey University, Karaman, Turkey
Contribution: Formal analysis
Search for more papers by this authorGökhan Sadi
Department of Biology, K.Ö. Science Faculty, Karamanoglu Mehmetbey University, Karaman, Turkey
Contribution: Methodology
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Mehmet Bilgehan Pektaş
Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Afyonkarahisar Health Sciences University, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
Correspondence
Mehmet Bilgehan Pektaş, Department of Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Afyonkarahisar Health Sciences University, 03200, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey.
Email: [email protected]
Contribution: Writing - review & editing
Search for more papers by this authorÖmer Ekici
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Afyonkarahisar Health Sciences University, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
Contribution: Project administration
Search for more papers by this authorEsra Aslan
Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Afyonkarahisar Health Sciences University, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
Contribution: Visualization
Search for more papers by this authorTuğçe Aladağ
Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Afyonkarahisar Health Sciences University, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
Contribution: Visualization
Search for more papers by this authorHilal Güzel
Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Afyonkarahisar Health Sciences University, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
Contribution: Data curation
Search for more papers by this authorÖmer Adil Korkmaz
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Yildiz Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
Contribution: Investigation
Search for more papers by this authorAykut Bostancı
Department of Biology, K.Ö. Science Faculty, Karamanoglu Mehmetbey University, Karaman, Turkey
Contribution: Formal analysis
Search for more papers by this authorGökhan Sadi
Department of Biology, K.Ö. Science Faculty, Karamanoglu Mehmetbey University, Karaman, Turkey
Contribution: Methodology
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Mehmet Bilgehan Pektaş
Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Afyonkarahisar Health Sciences University, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
Correspondence
Mehmet Bilgehan Pektaş, Department of Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Afyonkarahisar Health Sciences University, 03200, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey.
Email: [email protected]
Contribution: Writing - review & editing
Search for more papers by this authorAbstract
The aim of the study was to evaluate whether high-fructose corn syrup (HFCS) intake (20% beverages) impacts antioxidative structures and inflammation in the gingival tissue and masseter muscle of rats. Kefir was tested for its potential utility on changes induced by HFCS. Animals were randomly divided into four groups as control, kefir, HFCS, and HFCS plus kefir. HFCS was given as 20% solutions in drinking water while kefir supplementations were given by gastric gavage for 8 weeks. It has been clearly determined that the HFCS diet increased expressions of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, and tumor necrosis factor-α proinflammatory structures via lymphocyte infiltration by suppressing antioxidant enzymes such as catalase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase in both tissues. Kefir improved these undesirable changes in rats fed with HFCS. The results of this current study, the first investigation to examine the effects of kefir on masseter muscle and gingival tissue, may provide new access to the restorative effects of kefir consumption on oral health disorders caused by high fructose in the diet.
Practical applications
In this study, at an early age, the effects of kefir on improving inflammation via antioxidation in the masseter muscle and gingival tissue were investigated for the first time. We showed that kefir feeding ameliorates lymphocyte infiltration on the high-fructose corn syrup (HFCS)-induced masseter muscle and gingival tissue inflammation in rats. The mRNA expressions of inflammatory parameters measured in the study were supported by protein measurements via ELISA or immunohistochemistry. In the present study, kefir may play an important role in the antioxidation and inflammation process on the masseter muscle and gingival tissue against HFCS.
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
The authors report no conflicts of interest related to this study.
Open Research
DATA AVAILABILITY STATEMENT
The data that support the findings of this study are available on request from the corresponding author. The data are not publicly available due to privacy or ethical restrictions.
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