1
The efficacy of green tea extract (GTE) on serum and cardiac lipids was investigated in streptozotocin (STZ)-diabetic rats.
2
Diabetes was induced in rats by a single intraperitoneal injection of STZ (60 mg/kg bodyweight). Six weeks after the induction of diabetes, GTE was administered orally for 4 weeks (300 mg/kg bodyweight daily). Bodyweight, heart weight, heart weight : bodyweight ratio, blood glucose, serum and cardiac lipids were determined in experimental rats.
3
In diabetic rats, there was a significant decrease in bodyweight with an increase in heart weight : bodyweight ratio and blood glucose. Diabetic rats had significantly increased serum levels of cholesterol, triglycerides, free fatty acids and low-density lipoprotein–cholesterol (LDL-C) and decreased levels of high-density lipoprotein–cholesterol (HDL-C). In the hearts of diabetic rats, there was a significant increase in cholesterol, triglycerides and free fatty acids levels, with an increase in lipoprotein lipase activity.
4
The administration of GTE to diabetic rats resulted in significant recovery in bodyweight, heart weight : bodyweight ratio and blood glucose levels. The administration of GTE reduced cholesterol, triglyceride, free fatty acid and LDL-C levels, and increased HDL-C levels, in the serum of diabetic rats. In addition, GTE decreased cholesterol, triglyceride, free fatty acids levels and lipoprotein lipase activity in the myocardium of diabetic rats. These beneficial effects of GTE are ascribed to its antihyperglycaemic and hypolipidaemic activity. In conclusion, green tea can reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease in diabetes with a significant improvement in lipid metabolism.

REFERENCES

1 Lefebvre P, Beaglehole R. Diabetes Action Now: An Initiative of the World Health Organization and the International Diabetes Federation. World Health Organization, Geneva. 2004.
Google Scholar
2 Price J, Verma S, Li RK. Diabetic heart dysfunction: Is cell transplantation a potential therapy? Heart Fail. Rev. 2003; 8: 213–19.
10.1023/A:1024701113383
PubMed Web of Science® Google Scholar
3 Ye G, Metreveli NS, Donthi RV et al. Catalase protects cardiomyocyte function in models of type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Diabetes 2004; 53: 1336–43.
10.2337/diabetes.53.5.1336
CAS PubMed Web of Science® Google Scholar
4 Rupp H, Elimban V, Dhalla NS. Modification of myosin isoenzymes and SR Ca²⁺-pump ATPase of the diabetic rat heart by lipid-lowering interventions. Mol. Cell. Biochem. 1994; 132: 69–80.
10.1007/BF00925676
PubMed Web of Science® Google Scholar
5 Betteridge J. Lipid disorders in diabetes mellitus. In: JC Pickup, G Williams (eds). Text Book of Diabetes, 2nd edn. Blackwell Science, London. 1997; Ch. 33.
Google Scholar
6 Young ME, McNutty P, Taegtmeyer H. Adaptation and maladaptation of the heart in diabetes: Part II. Potential mechanisms. Circulation 2002; 105: 1861–70.
10.1161/01.CIR.0000012467.61045.87
CAS PubMed Web of Science® Google Scholar
7 Hayashi K, Okumura K, Matsui H et al. Involvement of 1,2-diacyl glycerol is improvement heart function by etomoxir in diabetic rats. Life Sci. 2001; 68: 1515–26.
10.1016/S0024-3205(01)00953-5
CAS PubMed Web of Science® Google Scholar
8 Tada H, Oida K, Kutsumi Y et al. Effects of probucol on impaired cardiac performance and lipid metabolism in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. J. Cardiovasc. Pharm. 1992; 20: 179–86.
10.1097/00005344-199208000-00002
PubMed Web of Science® Google Scholar
9 Mukhtar H, Ahmad A. Tea polyphenols: Prevention of cancer and optimizing health. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 2000; 71 (Suppl.): S1698–702.
CAS PubMed Web of Science® Google Scholar
10 Fernandez PL, Martin MJ, Gonazalez AG et al. HPLC determination of catechins and caffeine in tea. Differentiation of green, black and instant teas. Analyst 2000; 125: 421–5.
10.1039/a909219f
CAS PubMed Web of Science® Google Scholar
11 Hertog MG, Feskens EJ, Hollman PC et al. Dietary antioxidant flavonoids and risk of coronary heart disease: The Zutphen Elderly study. Lancet 1993; 342: 1007–11.
10.1016/0140-6736(93)92876-U
CAS PubMed Web of Science® Google Scholar
12 Stensvold I, Tverdal A, Solvoll K et al. Tea consumption: Relationship of cholesterol, blood pressure, and coronary and total mortality. Prev. Med. 1992; 21: 546–53.
10.1016/0091-7435(92)90062-M
CAS PubMed Web of Science® Google Scholar
13 Yang MH, Wang CH, Chen HL. Green, oolong and black tea extracts modulate lipid metabolism in hyperlipidemic rats fed high-sucrose diet. J. Nutr. Biochem. 2001; 12: 14–20.
10.1016/S0955-2863(00)00140-6
CAS PubMed Web of Science® Google Scholar
14 Paulson DJ. The diabetic heart is more sensitive to ischemic injury. Cardiovasc. Res. 1997; 34: 104–12[Review].
10.1016/S0008-6363(97)00018-7
CAS PubMed Web of Science® Google Scholar
15 Lambert M, Neish AC. Rapid method for estimation of glycerol in fermentation solutions. Can. J. Res. 1950; 28: 83–9.
10.1139/cjr50b-013
Web of Science® Google Scholar
16 Christopher CL, Mathuram LN, Genitta G et al. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids inhibit the accumulation of PAS-positive material in the myocardium of STZ-diabetic Wistar rats. Int. J. Cardiol. 2003; 88: 183–90.
10.1016/S0167-5273(02)00393-5
PubMed Web of Science® Google Scholar
17 Das AK, Chandrasekar S, Laxman A et al. Experimental investigations on diabetic heart disease. Indian J. Exp. Biol. 1986; 24: 592–4.
PubMed Web of Science® Google Scholar
18 Tsuneki H, Ishizaka M, Terasawa M et al. Effect of green tea on blood glucose levels and serum proteomic patterns in diabetic (db/db) mice and on glucose metabolism in healthy humans. BMC Pharmacol. 2004; 4: 18.
10.1186/1471-2210-4-18
CAS PubMed Google Scholar
19 Waltner-Law ME, Wang XL, Law BK et al. Epigallocatechin gallate, a constituent of Green tea represses hepatic glucose production. J. Biol. Chem. 2002; 277: 34 933–40.
10.1074/jbc.M204672200
Web of Science® Google Scholar
20 Sabu MC, Smitha K, Kuttan R. Anti-diabetic activity of green tea polyphenols and their role in reducing oxidative stress in experimental diabetes. J. Ethanopharmacol. 2002; 83: 109–16.
10.1016/S0378-8741(02)00217-9
CAS PubMed Web of Science® Google Scholar
21 Wu LY, Juan CC, Ho LT et al. Effect of green tea supplementation on insulin sensitivity in Sprague-Dawley rats. J. Agric. Food Chem. 2004; 52: 643–8.
10.1021/jf030365d
CAS PubMed Web of Science® Google Scholar
22 Kobayashi Y, Suzuki M, Satsu H et al. Green tea polyphenols inhibit the sodium-dependent glucose transporter of intestinal epithelial cells by a competitive mechanism. J. Agric. Food Chem. 2000; 48: 5618–23.
10.1021/jf0006832
CAS PubMed Web of Science® Google Scholar
23 Shen WH, Jeng CY, Lee WJ et al. Simvastatin treatment on postprandial hypertriglyceridemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with combined hyperlipidemia. Metabolism 2001; 50: 355–9.
10.1053/meta.2001.21026
PubMed Web of Science® Google Scholar
24 Gentile S, Turco S, Guarino G. Comparative efficacy study of atorvastatin vs. simvastatin, provastatin, lovastatin and placebo in type 2 diabetic patients with hypercholesterolemia. Diabetes Obes. Metab. 2000; 2: 355–62.
10.1046/j.1463-1326.2000.00106.x
CAS PubMed Web of Science® Google Scholar
25 Sachdewa A, Khemani LD. Effect of Hibiscus rosa sinensis Linn. ethanol flower extract on blood glucose and lipid profile in streptozotocin induced diabetes in rats. J. Ethanolpharmacol. 2003; 89: 61–6.
10.1016/S0378-8741(03)00230-7
PubMed Web of Science® Google Scholar
26 Maramatsu K, Fukuyo M, Hara Y. Effect of green tea catechins on plasma cholesterol level in cholesterol-fed rats. J. Nutr. Sci. Vitaminol. 1986; 32: 613–22.
10.3177/jnsv.32.613
PubMed Web of Science® Google Scholar
27 Ikeda I, Imasoto Y, Sasaki E et al. Tea catechins decrease micellar solubility and intestinal absorption of cholesterol in rats. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1992; 1127: 141–6.
10.1016/0005-2760(92)90269-2
CAS PubMed Web of Science® Google Scholar
28 Chan PT, Fong WP, Cheung YL et al. Jasmine green tea epicatechins are hypolipidemic in hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus) fed a high fat diet. J. Nutr. 1999; 129: 1094–101.
10.1093/jn/129.6.1094
CAS PubMed Web of Science® Google Scholar
29 Abe K, Seki T, Umehara K et al. Green tea polyphenols: Novel and potent inhibitors of squalene epoxidase. Biochem. Bioph Res. Commun. 2000; 268: 767–71.
10.1006/bbrc.2000.2217
CAS PubMed Web of Science® Google Scholar
30 Nielsen LB, Bartels ED, Bollana E. Over expression of apolipoprotein B in the heart impedes cardiac triglyceride accumulation and development of cardiac dysfunction in diabetic mice. J. Biol. Chem. 2002; 277: 27 014–20.
10.1074/jbc.M203458200
Web of Science® Google Scholar
31 Tilvis RS, Taskinen MR, Miettinen TA. Effect of insulin treatment on fatty acids of plasma and erythrocyte membrane lipids in type 2 diabetes. Clin. Chim. Acta 1988; 171: 293–303.
10.1016/0009-8981(88)90155-6
PubMed Web of Science® Google Scholar
32 Goodman LS, Gilman A. The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 7th edn. MacMillan, New York. 1985; 1490–510.
Google Scholar
33 Rodrigues B, Cam MC, McNeill JH. Myocardial substrate metabolism: Implications for diabetic cardiomyopathy. J. Mol. Cell. Cardiol. 1995; 27: 169–79.
10.1016/S0022-2828(08)80016-8
CAS PubMed Web of Science® Google Scholar
34 Rodrigues B, McNeill JH. The diabetic heart: Metabolic causes for the development of cardiomyopathy. Cardiovasc. Res. 1992; 26: 913–22.
10.1093/cvr/26.10.913
CAS PubMed Web of Science® Google Scholar
35 Saddik M, Lopaschuk GD. Myocardial triglyceride turnover and contribution to energy substrate utilization in isolated working rat hearts. J. Biol. Chem. 1991; 266: 8162–70.
10.1016/S0021-9258(18)92956-X
CAS PubMed Web of Science® Google Scholar
36 Watanabe J, Kawabata J, Niki R. Isolation and identification of acetyl-CoA carboxylase inhibitors from green tea (Camellia sinensis). Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem. 1998; 62: 532–4.
10.1271/bbb.62.532
CAS PubMed Web of Science® Google Scholar
37 BarOn H, Levy E, Oschry E et al. Removal defect of very low density lipoproteins from diabetic rats. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1984; 793: 115–18.
10.1016/0005-2760(84)90059-6
PubMed Web of Science® Google Scholar
38 Mamo JCL, Hirano T, Sainsbury A et al. Hypertriglyceridemia is exacerbated by slow lipolysis of triacyl glycerol-rich lipoproteins in fed but not fasted streptozotocin diabetic rats. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1992; 1128: 132–8.
10.1016/0005-2760(92)90298-A
PubMed Web of Science® Google Scholar
39 O’Looney P, Irwin D, Briscoe P et al. Lipoprotein composition as a component in the lipoprotein clearance defect in experimental diabetes. J. Biol. Chem. 1985; 260: 428–32.
CAS PubMed Web of Science® Google Scholar
40 Laakso M. Cardiovascular disease in type 2 diabetes: Challenge for treatment and prevention. J. Intern. Med. 2001; 249: 225–35.
10.1111/j.1365-2796.2001.00789.x
CAS PubMed Web of Science® Google Scholar
41 Taskinen MR. Quantitative and qualitative lipoprotein abnormalities in diabetes mellitus. Diabetes 1992; 41: 12–17.
10.2337/diab.41.2.S12
Google Scholar
42 Chisaka T, Matsuda H, Kubomura Y et al. The effect of crude drugs on experimental hypercholesterolemia: Mode of action of (–)-epigallocatechin gallate in tea leaves. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 1988; 36: 227–33.
10.1248/cpb.36.227
CAS PubMed Web of Science® Google Scholar
43 Imai K, Nakachi K. Cross sectional study of effects of green tea on cardiovascular and liver diseases. BMJ 1995; 310: 693–6.
10.1136/bmj.310.6981.693
CAS PubMed Web of Science® Google Scholar
44 Kono S, Shinchi K, Wakabayashi K et al. Relation of green tea consumption to serum lipids and lipoproteins in Japanese men. J. Epidemiol. 1996; 6: 128–33.
10.2188/jea.6.128
PubMed Google Scholar

Citing Literature

Volume33, Issue12

December 2006

Pages 1184-1189

GREEN TEA EXTRACT IMPEDES DYSLIPIDAEMIA AND DEVELOPMENT OF CARDIAC DYSFUNCTION IN STREPTOZOTOCIN-DIABETIC RATS

SUMMARY

REFERENCES

Citing Literature

References

Information

About Wiley Online Library

Help & Support

Opportunities

Connect with Wiley

GREEN TEA EXTRACT IMPEDES DYSLIPIDAEMIA AND DEVELOPMENT OF CARDIAC DYSFUNCTION IN STREPTOZOTOCIN-DIABETIC RATS

SUMMARY

REFERENCES

Citing Literature

References

Related

Information