Aflatoxin M1 removal from milk using activated carbon and bentonite combined with lactic acid bacteria cells
Khurram Muaz
Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
Kauser Abdulla Malik School of Life Sciences, Forman Christian College (A Chartered University), Lahore, Pakistan
Department of Food Engineering, School of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
Contribution: Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Writing - original draft
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Muhammad Riaz
Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
Author for correspondence. E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]
Contribution: Conceptualization, Methodology, Supervision
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Carlos Augusto Fernandes de Oliveira
Department of Food Engineering, School of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
Author for correspondence. E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]
Contribution: Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Writing - review & editing
Search for more papers by this authorAmir Ismail
Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
Contribution: Data curation, Writing - review & editing
Search for more papers by this authorSaeed Akhtar
Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
Contribution: Writing - review & editing
Search for more papers by this authorHabibullah Nadeem
Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
Contribution: Writing - review & editing
Search for more papers by this authorShinawar Waseem
Department of Food Science and Technology, Punjab University, Lahore, Pakistan
Contribution: Writing - review & editing
Search for more papers by this authorZulfiqar Ahmed
Department of Food Science and Technology, Islamia University, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
Contribution: Writing - review & editing
Search for more papers by this authorKhurram Muaz
Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
Kauser Abdulla Malik School of Life Sciences, Forman Christian College (A Chartered University), Lahore, Pakistan
Department of Food Engineering, School of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
Contribution: Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Writing - original draft
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Muhammad Riaz
Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
Author for correspondence. E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]
Contribution: Conceptualization, Methodology, Supervision
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Carlos Augusto Fernandes de Oliveira
Department of Food Engineering, School of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
Author for correspondence. E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]
Contribution: Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Writing - review & editing
Search for more papers by this authorAmir Ismail
Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
Contribution: Data curation, Writing - review & editing
Search for more papers by this authorSaeed Akhtar
Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
Contribution: Writing - review & editing
Search for more papers by this authorHabibullah Nadeem
Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
Contribution: Writing - review & editing
Search for more papers by this authorShinawar Waseem
Department of Food Science and Technology, Punjab University, Lahore, Pakistan
Contribution: Writing - review & editing
Search for more papers by this authorZulfiqar Ahmed
Department of Food Science and Technology, Islamia University, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
Contribution: Writing - review & editing
Search for more papers by this authorAbstract
This study was planned to explore the AFM1-reducing potential of various heat and acid-killed lactic acid bacteria (LAB), activated carbon and bentonite (BENT) in milk contaminated with 0.5 μg/L AFM1 and their impact on milk composition. A negligible impact was observed on milk composition with AC while exhibiting a higher AFM1 removal (78.2%) than bentonite (35.8%). Their combination with LAB cells increased AFM1 decontamination for most of the treatments, with highest AFM1 removal (97.6%) exhibited by a treatment involving 0.1% AC and acid-killed cells of L. cremoris. The results of this study indicate that LAB cells associated with the adsorbents tested are highly effective in reducing milk AFM1 content.
Conflict of interest
The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest relevant to this study.
Open Research
Data availability statement
The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
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