Review
Effects of Static and Low-Frequency Magnetic Fields on Gene Expression
Vitalii Zablotskii DrSc,
Oksana Gorobets DrSc,
Svitlana Gorobets DrSc,
Tatyana Polyakova Mgr,
Corresponding Author
Vitalii Zablotskii DrSc
Department of Optical and Biophysical Systems, Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
International Magnetobiology Frontier Research Center (iMFRC), Science Island, Hefei, China
Address reprint requests to: Vitalii Zablotskii, Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Na Slovance 1999/2, 182 00 Prague 8, Czech Republic. E-mail: [email protected]
Search for more papers by this authorOksana Gorobets DrSc
Faculty of Physics and Mathematics, National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute”, Kyiv, Ukraine
Search for more papers by this authorSvitlana Gorobets DrSc
Faculty of Biotechnology and Biotechnics, National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute”, Kyiv, Ukraine
Search for more papers by this authorTatyana Polyakova Mgr
Department of Optical and Biophysical Systems, Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
Search for more papers by this authorVitalii Zablotskii DrSc,
Oksana Gorobets DrSc,
Svitlana Gorobets DrSc,
Tatyana Polyakova Mgr,
Corresponding Author
Vitalii Zablotskii DrSc
Department of Optical and Biophysical Systems, Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
International Magnetobiology Frontier Research Center (iMFRC), Science Island, Hefei, China
Address reprint requests to: Vitalii Zablotskii, Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Na Slovance 1999/2, 182 00 Prague 8, Czech Republic. E-mail: [email protected]
Search for more papers by this authorOksana Gorobets DrSc
Faculty of Physics and Mathematics, National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute”, Kyiv, Ukraine
Search for more papers by this authorSvitlana Gorobets DrSc
Faculty of Biotechnology and Biotechnics, National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute”, Kyiv, Ukraine
Search for more papers by this authorTatyana Polyakova Mgr
Department of Optical and Biophysical Systems, Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
Search for more papers by this authorAbstract
Substantial research over the past two decades has established that magnetic fields affect fundamental cellular processes, including gene expression. However, since biological cells and subcellular components exhibit diamagnetic behavior and are therefore subjected to very small magnetic forces that cannot directly compete with the viscoelastic and bioelectric intracellular forces responsible for cellular machinery functions, it becomes challenging to understand cell–magnetic field interactions and to reveal the mechanisms through which these interactions differentially influence gene expression in cells. The limited understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying biomagnetic effects has hindered progress in developing effective therapeutic applications of magnetic fields. This review examines the expanding body of literature on genetic events during static and low-frequency magnetic field exposure, focusing particularly on how changes in gene expression interact with cellular machinery. To address this, we conducted a systematic review utilizing extensive search strategies across multiple databases. We explore the intracellular mechanisms through which transcription functions may be modified by a magnetic field in contexts where other cellular signaling pathways are also activated by the field. This review summarizes key findings in the field, outlines the connections between magnetic fields and gene expression changes, identifies critical gaps in current knowledge, and proposes directions for future research.
Level of Evidence
NA
Technical Efficacy
Stage 4
References
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