Release of simvastatin from scaffolds of poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid and biphasic ceramic designed for bone tissue regeneration
Isis C. Encarnação
Center for Research on Dental Implants (CEPID), Department of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Mariane B. Sordi
Center for Research on Dental Implants (CEPID), Department of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
Correspondence to: M. B. Sordi; e-mail: [email protected]Search for more papers by this authorÁguedo Aragones
Center for Research on Dental Implants (CEPID), Department of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
Ceramic & Composite Materials Research Laboratories (CERMAT), Department of Mechanical Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
Search for more papers by this authorCarmen Maria Olivera Müller
Center for Food Science and Technology (CTA), Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
Search for more papers by this authorAnderson C. Moreira
Laboratory of Porous Media and Thermophysical Properties (LMPT), Department of Mechanical Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
Search for more papers by this authorCelso P. Fernandes
Laboratory of Porous Media and Thermophysical Properties (LMPT), Department of Mechanical Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
Search for more papers by this authorJeferson V. Ramos
Laboratory of Porous Media and Thermophysical Properties (LMPT), Department of Mechanical Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
Search for more papers by this authorMabel M. R. Cordeiro
Center for Research on Dental Implants (CEPID), Department of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
Search for more papers by this authorMárcio C. Fredel
Ceramic & Composite Materials Research Laboratories (CERMAT), Department of Mechanical Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
Search for more papers by this authorRicardo S. Magini
Center for Research on Dental Implants (CEPID), Department of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
Search for more papers by this authorIsis C. Encarnação
Center for Research on Dental Implants (CEPID), Department of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Mariane B. Sordi
Center for Research on Dental Implants (CEPID), Department of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
Correspondence to: M. B. Sordi; e-mail: [email protected]Search for more papers by this authorÁguedo Aragones
Center for Research on Dental Implants (CEPID), Department of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
Ceramic & Composite Materials Research Laboratories (CERMAT), Department of Mechanical Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
Search for more papers by this authorCarmen Maria Olivera Müller
Center for Food Science and Technology (CTA), Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
Search for more papers by this authorAnderson C. Moreira
Laboratory of Porous Media and Thermophysical Properties (LMPT), Department of Mechanical Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
Search for more papers by this authorCelso P. Fernandes
Laboratory of Porous Media and Thermophysical Properties (LMPT), Department of Mechanical Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
Search for more papers by this authorJeferson V. Ramos
Laboratory of Porous Media and Thermophysical Properties (LMPT), Department of Mechanical Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
Search for more papers by this authorMabel M. R. Cordeiro
Center for Research on Dental Implants (CEPID), Department of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
Search for more papers by this authorMárcio C. Fredel
Ceramic & Composite Materials Research Laboratories (CERMAT), Department of Mechanical Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
Search for more papers by this authorRicardo S. Magini
Center for Research on Dental Implants (CEPID), Department of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
Search for more papers by this authorAbstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the release of simvastatin from scaffolds composed of poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid (PLGA) and biphasic ceramic designed for bone engineering and to assess the physico-chemical and mechanical properties of the scaffolds. Samples with 30% and 70% porosity were obtained with 0, 2, 5, and 8 wt %. of simvastatin through the solvent evaporation technique and leaching of sucrose particles. Scaffold degradation and simvastatin release were evaluated in phosphate-buffered saline. Scaffolds were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy and microtomography for two-dimensional and three-dimensional morphological characterization of the porosity, connectivity, and intrinsic permeability. The mechanical characterization was conducted based on the compressive strength and the chemical characterization by differential scanning calorimetry and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Gradual and prolonged simvastatin release from the scaffolds was observed. The release followed the Korsmeyer kinetics model with the predominance of case II transport for 30% porosity scaffolds, and anomalous behavior for the 70% porosity samples. Simvastatin release was also influenced by the slow scaffold degradation due to the strong chemical interaction between simvastatin and PLGA, as observed by differential scanning calorimetry. The scaffolds presented spherical and sucrose crystal-shaped pores that resulted in a homogenous porosity, with a predominance of open pores, ensuring interconnectivity. Simvastatin incorporation into the scaffolds and increased porosity did not influence the mechanical properties. The scaffolds presented gradual and prolonged simvastatin release, with satisfactory physico-chemical and mechanical properties. The scaffolds presented gradual and prolonged simvastatin release, with satisfactory physico-chemical and mechanical properties, a promise for applications in bone regeneration. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater 107B: 2152–2164, 2019.
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