Antimicrobial and self-crosslinking potential of experimentally developed dioctadecyldimethyl ammonium bromide and riboflavin dentin adhesive
Corresponding Author
Umer Daood
Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, International Medical University Kuala Lumpur, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Correspondence
Dr Umer Daood, Clinical Dentistry, Restorative Division, Faculty of Dentistry, International Medical University Kuala Lumpur, 126, Jalan Jalil Perkasa 19, Bukit Jalil, 57000 Bukit Jalil, Wilayah Persekutuan, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Email: [email protected]
Search for more papers by this authorAmmar Abdullah Malik
Department of Oral Biology, Post Graduate Medical Institute, Lahore, Pakistan
Search for more papers by this authorMuhammad Sharjeel Ilyas
Department of Oral Biology, Post Graduate Medical Institute, Lahore, Pakistan
Search for more papers by this authorAsrar Ahmed
Department of Oral Biology, Post Graduate Medical Institute, Lahore, Pakistan
Search for more papers by this authorSyed Saad B. Qasim
Department of Bioclinical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Kuwait University, Safat, Kuwait
Search for more papers by this authorSpoorthi Ravi Banavar
Oral Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, School of Dentistry, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Search for more papers by this authorAbdul Samad Khan
Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
Search for more papers by this authorEsther Kok Sook Kuan
Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, International Medical University Kuala Lumpur, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Search for more papers by this authorSobia Bilal
Department of Children and Community Oral Health, School of Dentistry, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Search for more papers by this authorJukka Matinlinna
Dental Materials Science, Applied Oral Sciences and Community Dental Care, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
Search for more papers by this authorLiang Lin Seow
Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, International Medical University Kuala Lumpur, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Umer Daood
Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, International Medical University Kuala Lumpur, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Correspondence
Dr Umer Daood, Clinical Dentistry, Restorative Division, Faculty of Dentistry, International Medical University Kuala Lumpur, 126, Jalan Jalil Perkasa 19, Bukit Jalil, 57000 Bukit Jalil, Wilayah Persekutuan, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Email: [email protected]
Search for more papers by this authorAmmar Abdullah Malik
Department of Oral Biology, Post Graduate Medical Institute, Lahore, Pakistan
Search for more papers by this authorMuhammad Sharjeel Ilyas
Department of Oral Biology, Post Graduate Medical Institute, Lahore, Pakistan
Search for more papers by this authorAsrar Ahmed
Department of Oral Biology, Post Graduate Medical Institute, Lahore, Pakistan
Search for more papers by this authorSyed Saad B. Qasim
Department of Bioclinical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Kuwait University, Safat, Kuwait
Search for more papers by this authorSpoorthi Ravi Banavar
Oral Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, School of Dentistry, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Search for more papers by this authorAbdul Samad Khan
Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
Search for more papers by this authorEsther Kok Sook Kuan
Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, International Medical University Kuala Lumpur, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Search for more papers by this authorSobia Bilal
Department of Children and Community Oral Health, School of Dentistry, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Search for more papers by this authorJukka Matinlinna
Dental Materials Science, Applied Oral Sciences and Community Dental Care, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
Search for more papers by this authorLiang Lin Seow
Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, International Medical University Kuala Lumpur, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Search for more papers by this authorUmer Daood and Ammar Abdullah Malik contributed equally to this study and considered as co first authors.
Funding information: International Medical University, Grant/Award Number: 390/2017
Abstract
The aim of the study is to investigate a new formulation, based on dioctadecyldimethyl ammonium-bromide (QA) and riboflavin (RF), combining antimicrobial activities and protease inhibitory properties with collagen crosslinking without interference to bonding capabilities in a rabbit model. Quaternary ammonium riboflavin (QARF) experimental adhesives modified with dioctadecyldimethyl ammonium-bromide and riboflavin were bonded (0.5/1.0/2.0%) to rabbit dentin to investigate for pulpal-histology, interfacial-morphology, transmission electron microscopy, mechanical properties, collagen crosslinking, micro-Raman analysis, antimicrobial, and anti-protease activities. Collagen type-I molecules were generated using molecular-docking. Odontoblasts appeared with normal histology, were seen in controls with no inflammatory cells detected in 0.5% specimens at day 7 and mild inflammatory response at day 30. In QARF 2.0%, inflammatory cells were not detected at day 7 and 30 (p < .05). Dentinal tubules are seen with intact collagen surface in 1% specimens. Resin penetrated inside 1% adhesive specimens with few irregularly funnel-shaped tags. Transmission electron microscopy showed thinner collagen in all specimens except 1% QARF specimens. Biofilms were influenced by QARF adhesives. Elastic moduli were significantly higher in 1.0% and 2.0% QARF adhesive specimens with a significant increase in total crosslinks. Stable amide groups with anti-protease activity was observed in QARF groups. Charged residues were seen in the triple helix hCOL3A1, Gly489-Gly510 after stabilisation with formulation. The 1% QARF modified adhesives improved biochemical and biomechanical properties of rabbit dentin.
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
The authors declare no potential conflict of interest.
Open Research
DATA AVAILABILITY STATEMENT
Research data are not shared.
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