The variations in the natural history of high-risk human papillomavirus infections in Chinese healthy women aged 27–45 years compared with 18–26 years: A prospective cohort study
Qi Chen
State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian Province, China
National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Infectious Disease Diagnostic Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian Province, China
Contribution: Data curation, Investigation, Visualization, Funding acquisition, Writing - original draft, Software, Formal analysis, Validation
Search for more papers by this authorXingmei Yao
State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian Province, China
National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Infectious Disease Diagnostic Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian Province, China
Contribution: Data curation, Software, Investigation, Visualization, Writing - review & editing, Formal analysis, Validation
Search for more papers by this authorJiali Quan
State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian Province, China
National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Infectious Disease Diagnostic Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian Province, China
Contribution: Investigation, Writing - review & editing
Search for more papers by this authorXinhua Jia
National Cancer Center, National Center for Cancer Clinical Research, The Cancer Institute, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
Contribution: Investigation, Writing - review & editing
Search for more papers by this authorYufei Li
State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian Province, China
National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Infectious Disease Diagnostic Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian Province, China
Contribution: Investigation, Writing - review & editing
Search for more papers by this authorKongxin Zhu
State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian Province, China
National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Infectious Disease Diagnostic Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian Province, China
Contribution: Investigation, Writing - review & editing
Search for more papers by this authorXiaowen Hu
State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian Province, China
National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Infectious Disease Diagnostic Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian Province, China
Contribution: Investigation, Writing - review & editing
Search for more papers by this authorXingcheng Huang
State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian Province, China
National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Infectious Disease Diagnostic Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian Province, China
Contribution: Investigation, Writing - review & editing
Search for more papers by this authorGuohua Zhong
State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian Province, China
National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Infectious Disease Diagnostic Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian Province, China
Contribution: Investigation, Writing - review & editing
Search for more papers by this authorLingxian Qiu
State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian Province, China
National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Infectious Disease Diagnostic Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian Province, China
Contribution: Investigation, Writing - review & editing
Search for more papers by this authorZhaofeng Bi
State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian Province, China
National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Infectious Disease Diagnostic Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian Province, China
Contribution: Investigation, Writing - review & editing, Funding acquisition
Search for more papers by this authorMengjun Liao
State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian Province, China
National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Infectious Disease Diagnostic Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian Province, China
Contribution: Investigation, Writing - review & editing
Search for more papers by this authorLu Chen
State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian Province, China
National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Infectious Disease Diagnostic Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian Province, China
Contribution: Investigation, Writing - review & editing
Search for more papers by this authorXuefeng Kuang
State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian Province, China
National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Infectious Disease Diagnostic Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian Province, China
Contribution: Investigation, Writing - review & editing
Search for more papers by this authorZhe Wang
State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian Province, China
National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Infectious Disease Diagnostic Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian Province, China
Contribution: Investigation, Writing - review & editing
Search for more papers by this authorShangying Hu
National Cancer Center, National Center for Cancer Clinical Research, The Cancer Institute, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
Contribution: Investigation, Writing - review & editing
Search for more papers by this authorChunlan Zhuang
State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian Province, China
National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Infectious Disease Diagnostic Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian Province, China
Contribution: Investigation, Writing - review & editing
Search for more papers by this authorShoujie Huang
State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian Province, China
National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Infectious Disease Diagnostic Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian Province, China
Contribution: Investigation, Writing - review & editing, Project administration, Supervision
Search for more papers by this authorLihui Wei
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
Contribution: Investigation, Project administration, Writing - review & editing, Supervision
Search for more papers by this authorWen Chen
National Cancer Center, National Center for Cancer Clinical Research, The Cancer Institute, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
Contribution: Investigation, Project administration, Writing - review & editing, Supervision
Search for more papers by this authorYingying Su
State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian Province, China
National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Infectious Disease Diagnostic Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian Province, China
Contribution: Writing - review & editing, Validation, Methodology, Funding acquisition, Conceptualization, Supervision, Data curation, Software, Formal analysis
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Fanghui Zhao
National Cancer Center, National Center for Cancer Clinical Research, The Cancer Institute, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
Correspondence
Ting Wu, State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian Province, China.
Email: [email protected]
Fanghui Zhao, National Cancer Center, National Center for Cancer Clinical Research, The Cancer Institute, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China.
Email: [email protected]
Contribution: Investigation, Supervision, Project administration, Writing - review & editing, Resources
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Ting Wu
State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian Province, China
National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Infectious Disease Diagnostic Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian Province, China
Correspondence
Ting Wu, State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian Province, China.
Email: [email protected]
Fanghui Zhao, National Cancer Center, National Center for Cancer Clinical Research, The Cancer Institute, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China.
Email: [email protected]
Contribution: Conceptualization, Investigation, Supervision, Project administration, Writing - review & editing, Funding acquisition, Methodology, Resources, Formal analysis
Search for more papers by this authorYoulin Qiao
National Cancer Center, National Center for Cancer Clinical Research, The Cancer Institute, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
Contribution: Investigation, Supervision, Project administration, Writing - review & editing
Search for more papers by this authorJun Zhang
State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian Province, China
National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Infectious Disease Diagnostic Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian Province, China
Contribution: Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Resources, Writing - review & editing
Search for more papers by this authorNingshao Xia
State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian Province, China
National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Infectious Disease Diagnostic Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian Province, China
Contribution: Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Resources, Writing - review & editing
Search for more papers by this authorQi Chen
State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian Province, China
National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Infectious Disease Diagnostic Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian Province, China
Contribution: Data curation, Investigation, Visualization, Funding acquisition, Writing - original draft, Software, Formal analysis, Validation
Search for more papers by this authorXingmei Yao
State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian Province, China
National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Infectious Disease Diagnostic Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian Province, China
Contribution: Data curation, Software, Investigation, Visualization, Writing - review & editing, Formal analysis, Validation
Search for more papers by this authorJiali Quan
State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian Province, China
National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Infectious Disease Diagnostic Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian Province, China
Contribution: Investigation, Writing - review & editing
Search for more papers by this authorXinhua Jia
National Cancer Center, National Center for Cancer Clinical Research, The Cancer Institute, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
Contribution: Investigation, Writing - review & editing
Search for more papers by this authorYufei Li
State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian Province, China
National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Infectious Disease Diagnostic Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian Province, China
Contribution: Investigation, Writing - review & editing
Search for more papers by this authorKongxin Zhu
State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian Province, China
National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Infectious Disease Diagnostic Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian Province, China
Contribution: Investigation, Writing - review & editing
Search for more papers by this authorXiaowen Hu
State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian Province, China
National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Infectious Disease Diagnostic Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian Province, China
Contribution: Investigation, Writing - review & editing
Search for more papers by this authorXingcheng Huang
State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian Province, China
National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Infectious Disease Diagnostic Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian Province, China
Contribution: Investigation, Writing - review & editing
Search for more papers by this authorGuohua Zhong
State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian Province, China
National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Infectious Disease Diagnostic Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian Province, China
Contribution: Investigation, Writing - review & editing
Search for more papers by this authorLingxian Qiu
State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian Province, China
National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Infectious Disease Diagnostic Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian Province, China
Contribution: Investigation, Writing - review & editing
Search for more papers by this authorZhaofeng Bi
State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian Province, China
National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Infectious Disease Diagnostic Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian Province, China
Contribution: Investigation, Writing - review & editing, Funding acquisition
Search for more papers by this authorMengjun Liao
State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian Province, China
National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Infectious Disease Diagnostic Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian Province, China
Contribution: Investigation, Writing - review & editing
Search for more papers by this authorLu Chen
State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian Province, China
National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Infectious Disease Diagnostic Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian Province, China
Contribution: Investigation, Writing - review & editing
Search for more papers by this authorXuefeng Kuang
State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian Province, China
National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Infectious Disease Diagnostic Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian Province, China
Contribution: Investigation, Writing - review & editing
Search for more papers by this authorZhe Wang
State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian Province, China
National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Infectious Disease Diagnostic Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian Province, China
Contribution: Investigation, Writing - review & editing
Search for more papers by this authorShangying Hu
National Cancer Center, National Center for Cancer Clinical Research, The Cancer Institute, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
Contribution: Investigation, Writing - review & editing
Search for more papers by this authorChunlan Zhuang
State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian Province, China
National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Infectious Disease Diagnostic Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian Province, China
Contribution: Investigation, Writing - review & editing
Search for more papers by this authorShoujie Huang
State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian Province, China
National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Infectious Disease Diagnostic Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian Province, China
Contribution: Investigation, Writing - review & editing, Project administration, Supervision
Search for more papers by this authorLihui Wei
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
Contribution: Investigation, Project administration, Writing - review & editing, Supervision
Search for more papers by this authorWen Chen
National Cancer Center, National Center for Cancer Clinical Research, The Cancer Institute, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
Contribution: Investigation, Project administration, Writing - review & editing, Supervision
Search for more papers by this authorYingying Su
State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian Province, China
National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Infectious Disease Diagnostic Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian Province, China
Contribution: Writing - review & editing, Validation, Methodology, Funding acquisition, Conceptualization, Supervision, Data curation, Software, Formal analysis
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Fanghui Zhao
National Cancer Center, National Center for Cancer Clinical Research, The Cancer Institute, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
Correspondence
Ting Wu, State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian Province, China.
Email: [email protected]
Fanghui Zhao, National Cancer Center, National Center for Cancer Clinical Research, The Cancer Institute, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China.
Email: [email protected]
Contribution: Investigation, Supervision, Project administration, Writing - review & editing, Resources
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Ting Wu
State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian Province, China
National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Infectious Disease Diagnostic Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian Province, China
Correspondence
Ting Wu, State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian Province, China.
Email: [email protected]
Fanghui Zhao, National Cancer Center, National Center for Cancer Clinical Research, The Cancer Institute, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China.
Email: [email protected]
Contribution: Conceptualization, Investigation, Supervision, Project administration, Writing - review & editing, Funding acquisition, Methodology, Resources, Formal analysis
Search for more papers by this authorYoulin Qiao
National Cancer Center, National Center for Cancer Clinical Research, The Cancer Institute, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
Contribution: Investigation, Supervision, Project administration, Writing - review & editing
Search for more papers by this authorJun Zhang
State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian Province, China
National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Infectious Disease Diagnostic Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian Province, China
Contribution: Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Resources, Writing - review & editing
Search for more papers by this authorNingshao Xia
State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian Province, China
National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Infectious Disease Diagnostic Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian Province, China
Contribution: Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Resources, Writing - review & editing
Search for more papers by this authorQi Chen and Xingmei Yao contributed equally to this work.
Wen Chen, Yingying Su, Fanghui Zhao, and Ting Wu are joint senior authors who contributed equally.
Abstract
Data investigating the natural history of high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) infection in mid-adult women compared with young adult women from regions exhibiting a bimodal distribution pattern are scarce. From November 2012 to September 2019, 3681 healthy women aged 18–45 years from the control group of a bivalent HPV vaccine Phase 3 trial in China were followed over 5.5 years. At scheduled visits (Day 0, months 7, 12, 18, 24, 30, 42, 54, and 66), cervical samples were collected for ThinPrep Pap tests and HPV DNA testing, women with abnormal cytology were referred for colposcopy. Data was analyzed using Cox regression model and a competing risk model. Sensitivity analyses were performed among participants attending all scheduled visits. The incidences of HR-HPV persistent infections (over 6 months [6mPIs]) were 35.5 and 29.0 per 1000 person-years (PYs) (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.21, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.00, 1.46), and HR-HPV associated CIN grade 2 or greater (CIN2+) were 4.3 and 1.9 per 1000 PYs (HR = 2.31, 95% CI: 1.25, 4.26) in women aged 18–26 and 27–45 years. Competing risk models showed that the cumulative incidence of HR-HPV infections that progressed to CIN2+ was significantly higher in women aged 18–26 than in women aged 27–45 (5.3% vs. 2.9%, Gray's test p = .0291). The cumulative clearance rates of HR-HPV infections in women aged 18–26 and 27–45 were similar (94.7% vs. 95.8%, Gray's test p = .3309) during the study period. In conclusion, although mid-adult women exhibit lower incidences of HR-HPV infection and associated cervical lesions compared to young women, this population continues to face a substantial risk of acquiring causal HPV infections, which may progress to cervical lesion.
What's New?
Data on the natural history of high-risk human papillomavirus infection in middle-aged women compared to younger women in regions with a bimodal prevalence pattern are scarce. Here, the authors found that although women in China aged 27–45 years exhibit lower incidences of high-risk human papillomavirus infection and associated cervical lesions than younger women, this population continues to face a substantial risk of acquiring causal human papillomavirus infections that may progress to cervical lesions. The findings offer insights for shaping human papillomavirus vaccination policies in China and other regions with a second peak in human papillomavirus prevalence after the mid-twenties.
CONFLICT OF INTEREST STATEMENT
All authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.
Open Research
DATA AVAILABILITY STATEMENT
The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
Supporting Information
| Filename | Description |
|---|---|
| ijc35290-sup-0001-Supinfo.pdfPDF document, 1.3 MB | Data S1. Supporting Information. |
Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
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