Volume 46, Issue 4 pp. 4680-4698
RESEARCH ARTICLE

Graphite felt modified with WO3, SnO2, and binary WO3/SnO2-mixtures as novel positive electrodes for cerium-based redox flow batteries

Omar K. BingahMark D. Pritzker

Corresponding Author

Mark D. Pritzker

Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada

Correspondence

Mark D. Pritzker, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada.

Email: [email protected]

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First published: 14 November 2021
Citations: 2

Funding information: Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC), Grant/Award Number: 170912-2013-RGPIN

Summary

Cerium-based redox flow batteries (RFBs) such as Zn-Ce and V-Ce have received attention as attractive energy storage systems due to their high open-circuit cell voltages. To date, the most successful Ce-based RFBs have relied on expensive Pt-based positive electrodes. In this study, the use of more economical polyacrylonitrile (PAN)-based graphite felt (GF) containing tungsten oxide (WO3) and/or tin oxide (SnO2) nanocatalysts is examined for its electrochemical activity for the Ce(III)/Ce(IV) redox reaction in a series of half-cell experiments. Cyclic voltammetry is carried out at room temperature in a 0.05 M Ce(III) methanesulfonate +1.0 M methanesulfonic acid (MSA) electrolyte using a custom-made three-electrode cell. Among all modified GFs, those coated with a binary WO3-SnO2 mixture have exhibited superior electrocatalytic activity toward the Ce(III)/Ce(IV) reaction compared to the ones decorated with single oxides WO3 or SnO2. Presumably, this can be ascribed to the involvement of both metal oxides (WO3 and SnO2) in promoting electrolyte accessibility and improving the hydrophilicity of GF electrodes. SEM images indicate that the combination of WO3 and SnO2 promotes a more homogeneous dispersion over the graphite fiber surface and prevents clustering of the oxide particles that is more evident in the case of the single metal oxide catalysts.

CONFLICT OF INTEREST

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

DATA AVAILABILITY STATEMENT

The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

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