Photovoltaic Performance of Porphyrin-Based Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells with Binary Ionic Liquid Electrolytes
Sher Bahadar Khan
Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P. O. Box 80203, Jeddah, 21589 Saudi Arabia
Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials Research (CEAMR), King Abdulaziz University, P. O. Box 80203, Jeddah, 21589 Saudi Arabia
Search for more papers by this authorPankaj Kumar Yadav
Laboratory for Photonics and Interfaces, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
Search for more papers by this authorJean-David Decoppet
Laboratory for Photonics and Interfaces, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
Search for more papers by this authorChenyi Yi
Laboratory for Photonics and Interfaces, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
Search for more papers by this authorMohammed S. A. Al-Ghamdi
Physics Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P. O. Box 80203, Jeddah, 21589 Saudi Arabia
Search for more papers by this authorBasma G. Alhogbi
Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P. O. Box 80203, Jeddah, 21589 Saudi Arabia
Search for more papers by this authorAbdullah M. Asiri
Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P. O. Box 80203, Jeddah, 21589 Saudi Arabia
Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials Research (CEAMR), King Abdulaziz University, P. O. Box 80203, Jeddah, 21589 Saudi Arabia
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Shaik M. Zakeeruddin
Laboratory for Photonics and Interfaces, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
Search for more papers by this authorMichael Grätzel
Laboratory for Photonics and Interfaces, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
Search for more papers by this authorSher Bahadar Khan
Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P. O. Box 80203, Jeddah, 21589 Saudi Arabia
Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials Research (CEAMR), King Abdulaziz University, P. O. Box 80203, Jeddah, 21589 Saudi Arabia
Search for more papers by this authorPankaj Kumar Yadav
Laboratory for Photonics and Interfaces, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
Search for more papers by this authorJean-David Decoppet
Laboratory for Photonics and Interfaces, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
Search for more papers by this authorChenyi Yi
Laboratory for Photonics and Interfaces, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
Search for more papers by this authorMohammed S. A. Al-Ghamdi
Physics Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P. O. Box 80203, Jeddah, 21589 Saudi Arabia
Search for more papers by this authorBasma G. Alhogbi
Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P. O. Box 80203, Jeddah, 21589 Saudi Arabia
Search for more papers by this authorAbdullah M. Asiri
Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P. O. Box 80203, Jeddah, 21589 Saudi Arabia
Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials Research (CEAMR), King Abdulaziz University, P. O. Box 80203, Jeddah, 21589 Saudi Arabia
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Shaik M. Zakeeruddin
Laboratory for Photonics and Interfaces, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
Search for more papers by this authorMichael Grätzel
Laboratory for Photonics and Interfaces, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
Search for more papers by this authorAbstract
Herein, green porphyrin sensitizer Y350-based dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs) with binary ionic liquid–based electrolytes are studied, which are a mixture of 1-methyl-3-propyl-imidazolium iodide and 1-methyl-1-butylpyrrolidinium bis(trifluromethylsulfonyl) -imide, 1-butylpyridinium bis(trifluromethylsulfonyl)imide, 1-methyl-3-ethylimidazolium bis(trifluromethylsulfonyl)imide, or 1-methyl-3-ethylimidazolium tetracyanoborate. The best semitransparent green DSC device exhibits a short-circuit photocurrent density of 9.1 mA cm−2, an open-circuit photovoltage of 727 mV, and a fill factor of 70%, corresponding to an overall power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 4.9% under standard AM 1.5G illuminations at 100 mW cm−2. The PCE increases to 6.1% with opaque films containing larger light-scattering TiO2 particles.
Conflict of Interest
The authors declare no conflict of interest.
References
- 1a) B. O'Regan, M. Gratzel, Nature 1991, 353, 737; b) A. Fakharuddin, R. Jose, T. M. Brown, F. Fabregat-Santiagoc, J. Bisquert, Energy Environ. Sci. 2014, 7, 3952; c) J. Kalowekamo, E. Baker, Sol. Energy, 2009, 83, 1224.
- 2a) K. Kakiage, Y. Aoyama, T. Yano, K. Oya, J.-I. Fujisawa, M. Hanaya, Chem. Commun. 2015, 51, 15894; b) Y. Kung Eom, S. Ho Kang, I. Taek Choi, Y. Yoo, J. Kim, H. Kyu Kim, J. Mat. Chem. A 2017, 5, 2297.
- 3a) H. Xue, J. N. M. Shreeve, Eur. J. Inorg. Chem 2005, 2005, 2573; b) Z. Fei, T. J. Geldbach, D. Zhao, P. J. Dyson, Chem. Eur. J. 2006, 12, 2122; c) H. Xiang, W. Fan, J. H. Li, T. Li, N. Robertson, X. Song, W. Wu, Z. Wang, W. Zhu, H. Tian, ChemSusChem 2017, 10, 1; d) S. Karthikeyan, J. Y. Lee, J. Phys. Chem. A 2013, 117, 10973; e) Z. Wang, L. Wang, Y. Zhang, J. Guo, H. Li, F. Yan, RSC Adv. 2017, 7, 13689.
- 4a) S. M. Zakeeruddin, M. Grätzel, Adv. Fun. Mater. 2009, 19, 2187; b) Y. Bai, Y. Cao, J. Zhang, M. Wang, R. Li, P. Wang, S. M. Zakeeruddin, M. Gratzel, Nat. Mater. 2008, 7, 626; c) D. Kuang, C. Klein, Z. Zhang, S. Ito, J.-E. Moser, S. M. Zakeeruddin, M. Grätzel, Small 2007, 3, 2094; d) D. Kuang, C. Klein, S. Ito, J. E. Moser, R. Humphry-Baker, N. Evans, F. Duriaux, C. Grätzel, S. M. Zakeeruddin, M. Grätzel, Adv. Mater. 2007, 19, 1133; e) N. Mohmeyer, D. Kuang, P. Wang, H.-W. Schmidt, S. M. Zakeeruddin, M. Gratzel, J. Mat. Chem. 2006, 16, 2978; f) D. Kuang, S. Ito, B. Wenger, C. Klein, J.-E. Moser, R. Humphry-Baker, S. M. Zakeeruddin, M. Grätzel, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2006, 128, 4146; g) Y. M. Cao, J. Zhang, Y. Bai, R. Z. Li, S. M. Zakeeruddin, M. Graetzel, P. Wang, J. Phys. Chem. C 2008, 112, 13775; h) D. Joly, M. Godfroy, L. Pelleja, Y. Kervella, P. Maldivi, S. Narbey, F. Oswald, E. Palomares, R. Demadrille, J. Mat. Chem. A 2017, 5, 6122; i) P. Wang, L. Yang, H. Wu, Y. Cao, J. Z. Jing, N. Xu, S. Chen, J.-D. Decoppet, S. M. Zakeeruddin, M. Gratzel, Joule 2018, 2, 2145; j) P. Nguyen, N. Tuyet, N. Trang; V. S. Nguyen, H. T. Nguyen, D. K. T. Ngo, P. H. Tran, RSC Adv. 2018, 8, 13142; k) D. R. MacFarlane, M. Forsyth, P. C. Howlett, M. Kar, S. Passerini, J. M. Pringle, H. Ohno, M. Watanabe, F. Yan, W. Wenjun, S. Zhang, J. Zhang, Nat. Rev. Mater. 2016, 1, 15005.
- 5J.-D. Decoppet, S. B. Khan, M. S. A. Al-Ghamdi, B. G. Alhogbi, A. M. Asiri, S. M. Zakeeruddin, M. Grätzel, Energy Technol. 2017, 5, 321.
- 6a) Y. Kurumisawa, T. Higashino, S. Nimura, Y. Tsuji, H. Iiyama, H. Imahori, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2019, 141, 9910; b) K. Zeng, Z. Tong, L. Ma, W. Zhu, W. Wu, Y. Xie, Energy Environ. Sci. 2020, https://doi.org/10.1039/C9EE04200H; c) K. Zeng, Y. Chen, W. Zhu, H. Tian, Y. Xie, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2020, 142, 5154.
- 7C. Yi, F. Giordano, N. Cevey-Ha, H. N. Tsao, S. M. Zakeeruddin, M. Grätzel, ChemSusChem 2014, 7, 1107.
- 8a) P. Wang, C. Klein, R. Humphry-Baker, S. M. Zakeeruddin, M. Grätzel, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2005, 127, 808; b) P. Wang, S. M. Zakeeruddin, J. E. Moser, R. Humphry-Baker, P. Comte, V. Aranyos, A. Hagfeldt, M. K. Nazeeruddin, M. Grätzel, Adv. Mater. 2004, 16, 1806.
- 9P. Wang, B. Wenger, R. Humphry-Baker, J.-E. Moser, J. Teuscher, W. Kantlehner, J. Mezger, E. V. Stoyanov, S. M. Zakeeruddin, M. Grätzel, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2005, 127, 6860.
- 10J.-H. Yum, T. W. Holcombe, Y. Kim, K. Rakstys, T. Moehl, J. Teuscher, J. H. Delcamp, M. K. Nazeeruddin, M. Grätzel, Sci. Rep. 2013, 3, 2446.
- 11A. Hagfeldt, G. Boschloo, L. Sun, L. Kloo, H. Pettersson, Chem. Rev. 2010, 110, 6595.
- 12a) H. Feng, R. Li, Y. Song, X. Li, B. Liu, J. Power Sources 2017, 345, 59; b) J. Gong, K. Sumathy, Q. Qiao, Z. Zhou, Renew. Sustainable Energy Rev. 2017, 68, 234.
- 13P. Bonhôte, A.-P. Dias, N. Papageorgiou, K. Kalyanasundaram, M. Grätzel, Inorg. Chem. 1996, 35, 1168.
- 14M. Marszalek, Z. Fei, D.-R. Zhu, R. Scopelliti, P. J. Dyson, S. M. Zakeeruddin, M. Grätzel, Inorg. Chem. 2011, 50, 11561.
Citing Literature
