Strong and Superhydrophobic Wood with Aligned Cellulose Nanofibers as a Waterproof Structural Material†
Yongfeng Li
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, 20742 USA
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Search for more papers by this authorChaoji Chen
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, 20742 USA
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Search for more papers by this authorJianwei Song
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, 20742 USA
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Search for more papers by this authorChunpeng Yang
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, 20742 USA
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Search for more papers by this authorYudi Kuang
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, 20742 USA
Search for more papers by this authorAzhar Vellore
Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Merced, California, 95343 USA
Search for more papers by this authorEmily Hitz
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, 20742 USA
Search for more papers by this authorMingwei Zhu
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, 20742 USA
Search for more papers by this authorFeng Jiang
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, 20742 USA
Search for more papers by this authorYonggang Yao
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, 20742 USA
Search for more papers by this authorAmy Gong
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, 20742 USA
Search for more papers by this authorAshlie Martini
Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Merced, California, 95343 USA
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Liangbing Hu
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, 20742 USA
E-mail: [email protected]Search for more papers by this authorYongfeng Li
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, 20742 USA
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Search for more papers by this authorChaoji Chen
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, 20742 USA
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Search for more papers by this authorJianwei Song
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, 20742 USA
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Search for more papers by this authorChunpeng Yang
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, 20742 USA
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Search for more papers by this authorYudi Kuang
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, 20742 USA
Search for more papers by this authorAzhar Vellore
Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Merced, California, 95343 USA
Search for more papers by this authorEmily Hitz
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, 20742 USA
Search for more papers by this authorMingwei Zhu
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, 20742 USA
Search for more papers by this authorFeng Jiang
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, 20742 USA
Search for more papers by this authorYonggang Yao
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, 20742 USA
Search for more papers by this authorAmy Gong
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, 20742 USA
Search for more papers by this authorAshlie Martini
Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Merced, California, 95343 USA
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Liangbing Hu
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, 20742 USA
E-mail: [email protected]Search for more papers by this author†Dedicated to Professor Lina Zhang on the occasion of her 80th birthday.
Summary of main observation and conclusion
Lightweight structural materials are important for the energy efficiency of applications, particularly those in the building sector. Here, inspired by nature, we developed a strong, superhydrophobic, yet lightweight material by simple in situ growth of nano-SiO2 and subsequent densification of the wood substrate. In situ generation of SiO2 nanoparticles both inside the wood channels and on the wood surfaces gives the material superhydrophobicity, with static and dynamic contact angles of 159.4o and 3o, respectively. Densification of the wood to remove most of the spaces among the lumen and cell walls results in a laminated, dense structure, with aligned cellulose nanofibers, which in turn contributes to a high mechanical strength up to 384.2 MPa (7-times higher than natural wood). Such treatment enables the strong and superhydrophobic wood (SH-Wood) to be stable and have excellent water, acid, and alkaline resistance. The high mechanical strength of SH-Wood combined with its excellent structural stability in harsh environments, as well its low density, positions the strong and superhydrophobic wood as a promising candidate for strong, lightweight, and durable structural materials that could potentially replace steel.
Supporting Information
| Filename | Description |
|---|---|
| cjoc202000032-sup-0001-Supinfo.pdfPDF document, 2.4 MB |
Appendix S1: Supporting Information |
| cjoc202000032-sup-0001-Movie_1.mp4MPEG-4 video, 1.5 MB |
Movie S1: Supporting Information |
| cjoc202000032-sup-0002-Movie_2.mp4MPEG-4 video, 679.8 KB |
Movie S2: Supporting Information |
| cjoc202000032-sup-0003-Movie_3.mp4MPEG-4 video, 8.9 MB |
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| cjoc202000032-sup-0004-Movie_4.mp4MPEG-4 video, 883.1 KB |
Movie S4: Supporting Information |
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