A classical peripheral foreland basin is bounded longitudinally by a pair of marginal ocean basins (DeCelles & Giles, 1996). The WTFB sediments transfer to adjacent marginal ocean basins. The western Taiwan foreland basin (WTFB) is regarded as a classical peripheral foreland basin, longitudinally bounded by the southern Okinawa Trough (SOT) to the north and the South China Sea (SCS) basin to the south, similar to the typical foreland basin setting. In this study, two distinct sediment dispersal systems in the WTFB are presented, with the aim of showing how foreland basin sediments are longitudinally transported to adjacent marginal sea basins.

Emblematic of global coral-reef ecosystem decline, the coral ecosystem-engineer Acropora palmata is now rare throughout much of the western Atlantic. We report for the first time, a significant record of late-Holocene A. palmata populations that existed from ~4500 to 375 years before present in the Dry Tortugas, FL, USA. We posit these Late Holocene reefs formed during intervals of more favourable and stable climate compared to recent centuries and discuss implications for the future of the species.

The Upper Permian Castile Formation of the Delaware Basin, a 515.3 m (1690.6 ft) thick deep-water evaporitic sequence dominated by anhydrite and halite, is the focus of this study. This study's sedimentological and geochemical analysis of cores from the basin's centre and margin reveals that dynamic reflux of deep hypersaline brines significantly influences sedimentary and diagenetic processes within the basin and its margins.

A consistent model for the sequence framework and depositional pattern of asymmetric half-grabens in syn-rift lake basins bounded by active faults has been established, complementing existing models for marine rift successions. Syn-rift lake basins are characterised by relatively small dimensions, steep slopes, poorly developed shoreline strata dominated by siliciclastics and significant input of allochthonous biogenic detritus.

We produced the first reconstruction of the coral species composition of MIS5d–a reefs in the Florida Keys and compared it with existing regional records from MIS5e, the Holocene, the recent past (1996) and the present (2022) to evaluate how Florida's reefs changed throughout the late Quaternary. We show that in contrast to the compositional stability of most late Quaternary reefs globally, Florida's reef assemblages varied significantly both across millennial timescales and in the recent past. Acropora palmata was rare during both MIS5e and MIS5d–a, probably due to the persistent marginality of Florida's reef environments; yet, modern reef assemblages are nonetheless novel compared with long-term geological baselines.

Some layers of limestone produce some hydrocarbons, and these hydrocarbons are removed from the fractures and cracks of the rock. The organic matter (OM) contained in the limestone is a mixture of terrestrial and marine OM and is thermally immature and mature. The studied limestones were deposited in a terrestrial–marine (transitional) environment in saline water and a dry–hot climate, under oxic, suboxic to anoxic conditions.

A limestone cave in the NW Dinarides exhibits an anomalous presence of montmorillonite clay, not commonly found in surrounding caves, posing questions about its origin and age. Analysis reveals a composition similar to weathered tephra from the Smrekovec Volcanic Complex, suggesting transport by north-east winds. Dating methods align with the volcanic activity timeline of the region, shedding light on the karst landscape's evolution since the Late Oligocene.

Observations of the suspension and transport of carbonate sediments from reefs, banks and shallow shelves have been made by satellite instruments for ca 25 years. With an increasing number of instruments in space, providing advanced observational capabilities, remarkable insights have been gained concerning carbonate sedimentological processes. Details of several observed events, and prospects for future investigations, are described.