Vertical arrays of reduced- diameter tidal turbines enable power generation from low- velocity tidal flows. Using tidal stream data gathered in Hong Kong, it is demonstrated that vertical arrays increases power generation due to a reduced cut-in speed, harnessing flows that were previously deemed uneconomical. With the additional advantages of reduced cost of fabrication, installation, and maintenance from using smaller- diameter, modular tidal turbines, this concept greatly increases the potential for tidal energy generation worldwide.

For a supercritical CO₂ Brayton power cycle, a shrouded type of a compressor impeller and a turbine wheel with labyrinth seals were designed to overcome thrust balancing problems.

The comprehensive experiment rigs are built. The experimental results indicate that the efficiency of the newly developed turbine could reach up to 47.6%; the corresponding tip speed ratio is from 3.5 to 6. When the tidal current velocity exceeds 1.0 m/s, the pressure increases to 3.5 Mpa, and desalination of sea water can be carried out by our designed device.

A model counter-rotating type horizontal-axis tidal turbine was designed based on the blade element momentum theory in order to exploit renewable energies form tidal currents. And a second-order response surface methodology (RSM) with the aid of three-dimensional Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) analysis was employed to obtain the optimal match of front and rear blade setting angles. Furthermore, experimental tests in the wind tunnel were carried out to verify the numerical predictions. The performance of the optimal turbine has been proven to be greatly improved by both of CFD predictions and experimental results.

The effects of non-torque loads on the load sharing and distribution of planet gears for wind turbine gearboxes were investigated, using the experimental model of a 35-kW class gearbox of size one-fourth that of a 2-MW class three-point suspension gearbox. As a result, the load sharing became non-uniform when radial force and moments were added, while the effect of axial force was insignificant. The load distribution of the tooth face width did not show a clear difference for the non-torque loads.

The array effect of the installing distance and rotational direction of two Savonius wind-turbine blades was studied using experimental method consisting of digital wind tunnel and scaled test model. The power coefficient was enhanced when a concave blade created positive torque using the turnaround accelerating flow in the asymmetric rotation. When the blade produced a positive torque by the inner blade using the accelerating airflow though the gap space, the power coefficient was greater for smaller distance of installation.

Table IX and Figures 11–13 give the modal analysis results regarding the model used in this research. Similar to the calculation results, the substructures used in the modeling were confirmed to be sufficient for the design margin region. The ultimate loads were compared for blade, tower, hub, and yaw bearing, as shown in Figures 15–18. Based on these results, the jacket-type was confirmed to have a structurally stable form.

• Better thermal performance is obtained with the upstream model in the cooling operation and with the downstream model in the heating mode.
• The optimum flow direction with respect to the heating and cooling operations is proposed to enhance the heat exchange efficiency.

Nearly carbon-free Cu₂ZnSnS₄ (CZTS) absorber layers were prepared via sulfurization of single spin-coated thin films deposited using a facile sol–gel technique. The best solar cell fabricated with a uniform CZTS absorber layer produced a conversion efficiency of 1.74% despite a porous microstructure of the absorber layer as well as the existence of several secondary phases, such as Cu₂SnS₃ and ZnS. Further research on CZTS grain growth without secondary phases by optimizing the post-annealing process will improve the photovoltaic cell performance.

The electrochemical performance of a Li–S cell was investigated for use in large-scale battery systems. The optimal conditions were a loading thickness of 28 µm and electrolyte ratio of 20 ul/mg__S for the coin cell and pouch cells, respectively.

We investigated the role of pentacene in inverted polymer solar cells based on the blends of poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT), (6,6)-phenyl C₆₁-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM), and pentacene. The performance of organic solar cells with pentacene improved in terms of power conversion efficiency (PCE), thermal stability, and lifetime in the ambient air. The pentacene in the P3HT:PCBM blends modified the crystallization of P3HT and PCBM. The donor–acceptor interface of devices with pentacene was found to be more stable than that without pentacene in the active layer, which was characterized by optical microscopy, atomic force microscopy and ultraviolet–visible absorption spectra. The PCE of pentacene based as-fabricated device was 4.3%, and the PCE of non-encapsulated pentacene device reduced just by about 25% after 4 months.

The goal of this paper is to study and propose a common approach to standardize the communication network in the DER system using IEC 61850 and includes a design and implementation of the communication architecture. Two prototypical testbeds for the DER system have been developed in the SMERC laboratory and at KIER, with the aim to demonstrate a case study using the proposed approach. The research results and data collected from the current testbeds indicate a quality integration of the IEC 61850 standard with stable power flow and unified communication architecture in the DER system.

Life cycle assessment for the production of crude palm oil-based and waste cooking oil-based diesel using pyrolysis process is developed to analyze resource uses, energy consumption inputs, and air emissions. We combined actual data from the pilot plant and informative data from the leader organization of Thailand to estimate energy gain and environmental impacts. Blending feedstocks were recommended to be applied for reducing greenhouse gas impact and energy requirement from non-renewable fuel.