• Issue

    Glia: Volume 65, Issue 3

    429-530
    March 2017
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Issue Information - Table of Contents

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Issue Information - Table of Contents

  • Pages: 429-430
  • First Published: 24 January 2017

Review Article

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Fate of microglia during HIV-1 infection: From activation to senescence?

Natalie C. Chen,  Andrea T. Partridge,  Christian Sell,  Claudio Torres,  Julio Martín-García, 
  • Pages: 431-446
  • First Published: 26 November 2016
Fate of microglia during HIV-1 infection: From activation to senescence?
Main Points

  • HIV-1 infection and viral proteins increase microglia expression of activation markers and cell cycle inhibitors, and alter cellular metabolism.
  • Some of these phenotypes resemble cellular senescence.
  • Microglia senescence may thus contribute to HAND.

Research Articles

Open Access

Dopamine elevates and lowers astroglial Ca2+ through distinct pathways depending on local synaptic circuitry

Alistair Jennings,  Olga Tyurikova,  Lucie Bard,  Kaiyu Zheng,  Alexey Semyanov,  Christian Henneberger,  Dmitri A. Rusakov, 
  • Pages: 447-459
  • First Published: 29 November 2016
Dopamine elevates and lowers astroglial Ca2+ through distinct pathways depending on local synaptic circuitry
Main Points

  • Dopamine elevates and lowers Ca2+ in CA1 hippocampal astrocytes engaging distinct dopamine receptors and Ca2+ storage-removal.
  • Astroglia stationed in stratum radiatum and perforant path show strong differences in their Ca2+ sensitivity to dopamine.

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Identification of highly connected hub genes in the protective response program of human macrophages and microglia activated by alpha B-crystallin

Inge R. Holtman,  Malika Bsibsi,  Wouter H. Gerritsen,  Hendrikus W. G. M. Boddeke,  Bart J. L. Eggen,  Paul van der Valk,  Markus Kipp,  Johannes M. van Noort,  Sandra Amor, 
  • Pages: 460-473
  • First Published: 07 January 2017
Identification of highly connected hub genes in the protective response program of human macrophages and microglia activated by alpha B-crystallin
Main Points

  • Systemic alpha B-crystallin (HSPB5) triggers activation of both peripheral macrophages and brain microglia.
  • The protective macrophage and microglial response to HSPB5 are functionally similar, but controlled by different co-expressed hub genes.

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Expression of the human isoform of glutamate dehydrogenase, hGDH2, augments TCA cycle capacity and oxidative metabolism of glutamate during glucose deprivation in astrocytes

Jakob D. Nissen,  Kasper Lykke,  Jaroslaw Bryk,  Malin H. Stridh,  Ioannis Zaganas,  Dorte M. Skytt,  Arne Schousboe,  Lasse K. Bak,  Wolfgang Enard,  Svante Pääbo,  Helle S. Waagepetersen, 
  • Pages: 474-488
  • First Published: 29 December 2016
Expression of the human isoform of glutamate dehydrogenase, hGDH2, augments TCA cycle capacity and oxidative metabolism of glutamate during glucose deprivation in astrocytes
Main Points

  • Astrocytes expressing hGDH2 exhibit a reduced anaplerotic input from glucose while increasing that from glutamate and the branched-chain amino acids suggesting that the expression of hGDH2 increases tricarboxylic acid cycle capacity in astrocytes.

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Conditional knockout of TOG results in CNS hypomyelination

Michael J. Maggipinto,  Joshay Ford,  Kristine H. Le,  Jessica W. Tutolo,  Miki Furusho,  John W. Wizeman,  Rashmi Bansal,  Elisa Barbarese, 
  • Pages: 489-501
  • First Published: 07 January 2017
Main Points

  • TOG is required for the expression of myelin basic protein (MBP).
  • MBP transcripts level is not affected by the absence of TOG but in contrast to control they remain in the oligodendrocyte cell body.
  • MBP regulates CNS myelin level.

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Astrocytic IP3Rs: Contribution to Ca2+ signalling and hippocampal LTP

Mark William Sherwood,  Misa Arizono,  Chihiro Hisatsune,  Hiroko Bannai,  Etsuko Ebisui,  John Lawrence Sherwood,  Aude Panatier,  Stéphane Henri Richard Oliet,  Katsuhiko Mikoshiba, 
  • Pages: 502-513
  • First Published: 07 January 2017
Astrocytic IP3Rs: Contribution to Ca2+ signalling and hippocampal LTP
Main Points

  • Astrocytic IP3Rs regulate D-serine release and LTP.
  • IP3R1, IP3R2, and IP3R3 contribute to Ca2+ signaling in astrocytes.

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GAT-1 mediated GABA uptake in rat oligodendrocytes

Giorgia Fattorini,  Marcello Melone,  María Victoria Sánchez-Gómez,  Rogelio O. Arellano,  Silvia Bassi,  Carlos Matute,  Fiorenzo Conti, 
  • Pages: 514-522
  • First Published: 10 January 2017
GAT-1 mediated GABA uptake in rat oligodendrocytes
Main Points

  • About 26% of GAT-1+ cells in subcortical white matter are mature and immature oligodendrocytes.
  • Functional studies showed that oligodendrocytes exhibit Na+ -dependent GABA uptake, and that it was significantly inhibited by tiagabine.

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Hypoxia-independent mechanisms of HIF-1α expression in astrocytes after ischemic preconditioning

Yuri Hirayama,  Schuichi Koizumi, 
  • Pages: 523-530
  • First Published: 07 January 2017
Hypoxia-independent mechanisms of HIF-1α expression in astrocytes after ischemic preconditioning
Main Points

  • Unlike neurons, an increase in HIF-1α in astrocytes is independent of hypoxia but dependent on P2X7 receptor.
  • The sustained upregulation of P2X7 receptor and HIF-1α allows astrocytes to show long-lasting ischemic tolerance.