Effect of biomaterial weight on volume maintenance of grafts used for maxillary sinus lift

Background

Studies evaluated graft shrinkage and bone formation in maxillary sinus lift. However, scientific information concerning the influence of the amount of biomaterial used to obtain the initial and final volumes of the graft during maxillary sinus lift, has still not been identified in the literature.

Aim/Hypothesis

The present study compared and correlated graft behaviour with the amount (in grams) of xenogenic and alloplastic biomaterials used in grafts for maxillary sinus lift.

Material and Methods

This clinical prospective, lasting four years, study used 148 CBCT images of 74 grafts from 68 maxillary sinus lift patients in a university, post-graduate clinic. The weights of biomaterials, categorized in intervals according to amount used, were correlated with the graft volumes at V1 (10 days) and V2 (180 days). Kruskal-Wallis test was used to evaluate the possible bias effect of weight on graft maintenance.

Results

Mean weights of biomaterials used were- Bio-Oss Small® (1.58 g) + Bio-Oss Large® (1.35 g) + Endobon® (0.72 g) + BoneCeramic® + Emdogain® (0.96 g) + Cerasorb® (1.13 g) and Osteogen® (2.70 g). No significant differences (P > 0.05). Were found for the influence of these mean amounts in graft maintenance- Bio-Oss Small® (18) + Bio-Oss Large® (10) + Endobon® (17) + BoneCeramic® + Emdogain® (10) + Cerasorb® (11) + and Osteogen® (08) at V1 and V2. However, when biomaterials were categorized by intervals, all Cerasorb® interval groups showed statistically significant differences (P < 0.001) in graft volume at V2.

Conclusion and Clinical Implications

Biomaterial weights could influence the final volume, depending on the biomaterial characteristics. Implant installation was possible with all studied grafts, although graft volume shrinkage should be considered when selecting biomaterial for sinus lift.