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Geological Characteristics and Ore-controlling Factors of the Beiya Gold–Polymetallic Ore Deposit, Northwestern Yunnan Province
Yunman ZHOU,
Changqing ZHANG,
Zhonghua HE,
Huan LIU,
Guiwu ZHOU,
Jia SUN,
Bo LIU,
Yunman ZHOU
Yunnan Gold & Mining Group Co. Ltd., Kunming 650224 China
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Changqing ZHANG
MNR Key Laboratory of Metallogeny and Mineral Assessment, Institute of Mineral Resources, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing 100037 China
Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected]Search for more papers by this authorZhonghua HE
Yunnan Gold & Mining Group Co. Ltd., Kunming 650224 China
Search for more papers by this authorHuan LIU
MNR Key Laboratory of Metallogeny and Mineral Assessment, Institute of Mineral Resources, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing 100037 China
Search for more papers by this authorGuiwu ZHOU
Yunnan Gold & Mining Group Co. Ltd., Kunming 650224 China
Search for more papers by this authorJia SUN
MNR Key Laboratory of Metallogeny and Mineral Assessment, Institute of Mineral Resources, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing 100037 China
Search for more papers by this authorBo LIU
Beijing Research Institute of Uranium Geology, Beijing 100029 China
Search for more papers by this authorYunman ZHOU,
Changqing ZHANG,
Zhonghua HE,
Huan LIU,
Guiwu ZHOU,
Jia SUN,
Bo LIU,
Yunman ZHOU
Yunnan Gold & Mining Group Co. Ltd., Kunming 650224 China
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Changqing ZHANG
MNR Key Laboratory of Metallogeny and Mineral Assessment, Institute of Mineral Resources, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing 100037 China
Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected]Search for more papers by this authorZhonghua HE
Yunnan Gold & Mining Group Co. Ltd., Kunming 650224 China
Search for more papers by this authorHuan LIU
MNR Key Laboratory of Metallogeny and Mineral Assessment, Institute of Mineral Resources, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing 100037 China
Search for more papers by this authorGuiwu ZHOU
Yunnan Gold & Mining Group Co. Ltd., Kunming 650224 China
Search for more papers by this authorJia SUN
MNR Key Laboratory of Metallogeny and Mineral Assessment, Institute of Mineral Resources, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing 100037 China
Search for more papers by this authorBo LIU
Beijing Research Institute of Uranium Geology, Beijing 100029 China
Search for more papers by this authorAbout the first author:
ZHOU Yunman, male, born in 1965, PhD from China University of Geosciences (Beijing) in 2008, professorate senior engineer, interested in the study of geological mineral resources exploration, mineral deposits and ore prospecting prediction for a long time.
Abstract
Based on comprehensive petrological, geochronological, and geochemical studies, this study analyzed the relationships between the Beiya gold-polymetallic skarn deposit and quartz syenite porphyries, and discussed the source(s) and evolution of magmas. Our results suggest that syenite porphyries (i.e. the Wandongshan, the Dashadi, and the Hongnitang porphyries), which formed between the Eocene and the early Oligocene epochs, are the sources for the gold-polymetallic ores at the Beiya deposit. Carbonate rocks (T2b) of the Triassic Beiya Formation in the ore district provide favorable host space for deposit formation. Fold and fault structures collectively play an important role in ore formation. The contact zone between the porphyries and carbonates, the structurally fractured zone of carbonate and clastic rocks, and the zone with well-developed fractures are the ideal locations for ore bodies. Four types of mineralization have been recognized: 1) porphyry-style stockwork gold–iron (copper) ore, 2) skarn-style gold-iron (copper and lead) ore in the near contact zone, 3) strata-bound, lense-type lead–silver–gold ore in the outer contact zone, and 4) distal vein-type gold–lead–silver ore. Supergene processes led to the formation of oxide ore, such as the weathered and accumulated gold–iron ore, the strata-bound fracture oxide ore, and the structure-controlled vein-type ore. Most of these ore deposits are distributed along the axis of the depressed basin, with the hypogene ore controlling the shape and characteristics of the oxide ore. This study provides critical geology understanding for mineral prospecting scenarios.
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