Triarylmethane and Diarylmethane Dyes
Thomas Gessner,
Udo Mayer,
Thomas Gessner
BASF Aktiengesellschaft, Ludwigshafen, Federal Republic of Germany
Search for more papers by this authorUdo Mayer
BASF Aktiengesellschaft, Ludwigshafen, Federal Republic of Germany
Search for more papers by this authorThomas Gessner,
Udo Mayer,
Thomas Gessner
BASF Aktiengesellschaft, Ludwigshafen, Federal Republic of Germany
Search for more papers by this authorUdo Mayer
BASF Aktiengesellschaft, Ludwigshafen, Federal Republic of Germany
Search for more papers by this authorAbstract
The article contains sections titled:
1. |
Definition and Chromophores |
1.1. |
Definition |
1.2. |
Chromophores |
2. |
History and Economic Importance |
2.1. |
History |
2.2. |
Economic Importance |
3. |
Production |
4. |
Uses |
5. |
Diphenylmethane Dyes |
5.1. |
Michler's Hydrol and Derivatives |
5.2. |
Michler's Ketone, Auramines, and Derivatives |
5.2.1. |
Michler's Ketone |
5.2.2. |
Auramines |
6. |
Triphenylmethane Dyes |
6.1. |
Monoaminotriphenylmethane Dyes |
6.1.1. |
Cationic Dyes |
6.1.2. |
Nonionic Derivatives (Triphenylmethanol Derivatives and Lactones) |
6.2. |
Diaminotriphenylmethane Dyes |
6.2.1. |
Cationic Dyes |
6.2.2. |
Nonionic Derivatives (Triphenylmethanol and Triphenylmethylamine Derivatives) |
6.2.3. |
Anionic Dyes |
6.3. |
Triaminotriphenylmethane Dyes |
6.3.1. |
Cationic Dyes |
6.3.2. |
Nonionic Derivatives (Triphenylmethanol Derivatives and Lactones) |
6.3.3. |
Betaines and Anionic Dyes |
6.4. |
Hydroxytriphenylmethane Dyes |
6.4.1. |
Metal-Complex Dyes |
6.4.2. |
Nonionic Derivatives (Triphenylmethanol Derivatives and Lactones) |
7. |
Heteroaryldiarylmethane and Diheteroarylarylmethane Dyes |
7.1. |
Cationic Dyes |
7.1.1. |
Monoaminodiphenylheteroarylmethane Dyes |
7.1.2. |
Diaminodiphenylheteroarylmethane Dyes |
7.2. |
Nonionic Derivatives (Triphenylmethanol Derivatives, Lactones, and Leuco Compounds) |
8. |
Dyes with Several Chromophores |
8.1. |
Bis(triarylmethane) Dyes |
8.2. |
Oligomeric and Polymeric Triarylmethane Dyes |
8.3. |
Triarylmethane Dyes with Other Chromophores |
9. |
Acridine Dyes |
10. |
Xanthene Dyes |
10.1. |
Ring-Closed Diphenylmethane Dyes (Pyronins) |
10.2. |
Ring-Closed Triphenylmethane Dyes |
10.2.1. |
Monoaminoxanthene Dyes |
10.2.1.1. |
Cationic Dyes |
10.2.1.2. |
Fluorans |
10.2.2. |
Diaminoxanthene Dyes |
10.2.2.1. |
Cationic Dyes |
10.2.2.2. |
Nonionic Derivatives (Lactones and Related Compounds) |
10.2.2.3. |
Anionic Dyes |
10.2.3. |
Hydroxyxanthene Dyes |
11. |
Thioxanthene Dyes |
12. |
Other Ring-Closed Triarylmethane Dyes |
12.1. |
Cationic Dyes |
12.2. |
Nonionic Derivatives (Triphenylmethanol Derivatives and Lactones) |
13. |
Toxicology |
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Further Reading
-
W. Herbst,
K. Hunger,
G. Wilker:
Industrial Organic Pigments,
3rd ed.,
Wiley-VCH,
Weinheim
2004.
10.1002/3527602429 Google Scholar
- A. R. Lang Dyes and Pigments: New Research, Nova Science Publishers, Boca Raton, 2008.
-
D. Thetford:
Triphenylmethane and Related Dyes,
Kirk Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology,
5th edition,
John Wiley & Sons,
Hoboken, NJ,
online DOI: 10.1002/0471238961.2018091620080520.a01.
10.1002/0471238961.2018091620080520.a01 Google Scholar
