Volume 2025, Issue 1 9722173
Research Article
Open Access

Analyzing and Detecting Abnormal Behaviors of Drug Abuse and Addiction Users in School Environments Based on Deep Learning Approaches

Salma Kammoun Jarraya

Salma Kammoun Jarraya

Computer Science Department , Faculty of Computing and Information Technology , King Abdulaziz University , Jeddah , Saudi Arabia , kau.edu.sa

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Marwa Masmoudi

Corresponding Author

Marwa Masmoudi

Mir@ cl Laboratory , University of Sfax , Sfax , Tunisia , fss.rnu.tn

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Fahad Abdullah Alqurashi

Fahad Abdullah Alqurashi

Computer Science Department , Faculty of Computing and Information Technology , King Abdulaziz University , Jeddah , Saudi Arabia , kau.edu.sa

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Sultanah M. Alshammari

Sultanah M. Alshammari

Center of Research Excellence in Artificial Intelligence and Data Science , King Abdulaziz University , Jeddah , Saudi Arabia , kau.edu.sa

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First published: 28 April 2025
Academic Editor: Alexander Hošovský

Abstract

Drug abuse and addiction problems are one of the most serious health, social, and psychological problems facing the world. Many international studies indicate that the start of drug abuse occurs mostly in adolescence, which is the period that young people spend in schools, institutes, and universities. Drugs in the student community have become a scourge that raises increasing concern, whether among families or educators, over the fate of school children and educational attainment. Regarding their behaviors, an addicted student often exhibits abnormal behaviors such as permanent lethargy, anxiety, tremors, and aggressive behavior toward others. Moreover, to obtain drugs, the addicted student becomes compelled to resort to various means and ways, and they gradually become criminal addicts. To this endeavor, a detector of abnormal behaviors in schools has become a necessity. In this paper, we built an automatic system able to analyze and detect abnormal behaviors of addicted students and inform the educational staff and parents to know how to manage and treat them. On a technical level, we used deep learning and the recent computer vision techniques in the suggested solution due to their contributions to human behavior and emotion recognition fields. The best-recorded result (97.5%) is obtained with fused handcrafted features based on skeleton joints and deep features extracted with the MobileNet pretrained model and forwarded to a deep proposed network based on two TimeDistributed layers, one BiLSTM layer, and several Dense layers.

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

Data Availability Statement

Real-Life Violence Situations Dataset is available in the kaggle website for research purposes (https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/mohamedmustafa/real-life-violence-situations-dataset).

The full text of this article hosted at iucr.org is unavailable due to technical difficulties.