The Application of Response Surface Methodology in the Investigation of the Tribological Behavior of Palm Cooking Oil Blended in Engine Oil
M. H. Sakinah
Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University Malaysia Pahang, Pekan, Pahang, Malaysia ump.edu.my
Search for more papers by this authorA. K. Amirruddin
Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University Malaysia Pahang, Pekan, Pahang, Malaysia ump.edu.my
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
K. Kadirgama
Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University Malaysia Pahang, Pekan, Pahang, Malaysia ump.edu.my
Automotive Engineering Research Group (AERG), University Malaysia Pahang, Pekan, Pahang, Malaysia ump.edu.my
Search for more papers by this authorD. Ramasamy
Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University Malaysia Pahang, Pekan, Pahang, Malaysia ump.edu.my
Search for more papers by this authorM. M. Rahman
Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University Malaysia Pahang, Pekan, Pahang, Malaysia ump.edu.my
Automotive Engineering Research Group (AERG), University Malaysia Pahang, Pekan, Pahang, Malaysia ump.edu.my
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
M. M. Noor
Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University Malaysia Pahang, Pekan, Pahang, Malaysia ump.edu.my
Automotive Engineering Research Group (AERG), University Malaysia Pahang, Pekan, Pahang, Malaysia ump.edu.my
Search for more papers by this authorM. H. Sakinah
Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University Malaysia Pahang, Pekan, Pahang, Malaysia ump.edu.my
Search for more papers by this authorA. K. Amirruddin
Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University Malaysia Pahang, Pekan, Pahang, Malaysia ump.edu.my
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
K. Kadirgama
Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University Malaysia Pahang, Pekan, Pahang, Malaysia ump.edu.my
Automotive Engineering Research Group (AERG), University Malaysia Pahang, Pekan, Pahang, Malaysia ump.edu.my
Search for more papers by this authorD. Ramasamy
Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University Malaysia Pahang, Pekan, Pahang, Malaysia ump.edu.my
Search for more papers by this authorM. M. Rahman
Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University Malaysia Pahang, Pekan, Pahang, Malaysia ump.edu.my
Automotive Engineering Research Group (AERG), University Malaysia Pahang, Pekan, Pahang, Malaysia ump.edu.my
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
M. M. Noor
Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University Malaysia Pahang, Pekan, Pahang, Malaysia ump.edu.my
Automotive Engineering Research Group (AERG), University Malaysia Pahang, Pekan, Pahang, Malaysia ump.edu.my
Search for more papers by this authorAbstract
The purpose of this study was to determine the optimal design parameters and to indicate which of the design parameters are statistically significant for obtaining a low coefficient of friction (COF) and low wear rate with waste palm oil blended with SAE 40. The tribology performance was evaluated using a piston-ring-liner contact tester. The design of experiment (DOE) was constructed by using response surface methodology (RSM) to minimize the number of experimental conditions and to develop a mathematical model between the key process parameters such as rotational speeds (200 rpm to 300 rpm), volume concentration (0% to 10% waste oil), and applied loads (2 kg to 9 kg). Analysis of variance (ANOVA) test was also carried out to check the adequacy of the empirical models developed. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to examine the damage features at the worn surface under lubricant contact conditions.
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