Original Article
Subjective ratings of prolonged inspiratory resistive loaded breathing in males and females
Sarah Miller,
Paul W. Davenport,
Corresponding Author
Sarah Miller
Loewenberg School of Nursing, University of Memphis, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
Address correspondence to: Sarah Miller, Department of Nursing, University of Memphis, 100 Billy Mac Jones, Memphis, TN 38152, USA. E-mail: [email protected]Search for more papers by this authorPaul W. Davenport
Department of Physiological Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
Search for more papers by this authorSarah Miller,
Paul W. Davenport,
Corresponding Author
Sarah Miller
Loewenberg School of Nursing, University of Memphis, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
Address correspondence to: Sarah Miller, Department of Nursing, University of Memphis, 100 Billy Mac Jones, Memphis, TN 38152, USA. E-mail: [email protected]Search for more papers by this authorPaul W. Davenport
Department of Physiological Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
Search for more papers by this authorPreliminary results from this research study were presented at the 2012 annual meeting of the International Society for the Advancement of Respiratory Psychophysiology in Orlando, FL. This work was supported in part by National Institutes of Health grants NIH T32 HD043730 and NIH HL48792.
Abstract
Dyspnea and fear of suffocation are burdensome to patients with respiratory disease. Inspiratory resistive loads offer an experimental respiratory stimulus to quantify the discriminative domain of respiratory perception. Resistive (R) load magnitude estimation (ME) and subjective ratings were measured over sustained multiple breaths in healthy subjects. There was no significant group difference between the ME for Breath 1 and 20 for small R loads, but a significant gender difference for large R loads. Subjective responses of fear, fear of suffocation, displeasure, chest pressure, faintness, dizziness, fear of losing control, trembling, and tingling were significantly greater for females. These results demonstrate that ME of large resistive sustained loads elicits nonsignificant increases in ME in females, but a significant decrease in ME for males. The maintenance of ME in females co-occurs with increased aversive processing relative to males.
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