Infertility Stigma Scale: A psychometric study in a Turkish sample
Corresponding Author
Ayla Çapık
Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Health Science, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
Correspondence Ayla Çapik, RM, PhD, Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Health Science, Ataturk University, Erzurum 25240, Turkey. Email: [email protected]
Search for more papers by this authorMeyreme Aksoy
Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
Search for more papers by this authorEmine Yılmaz
Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Science, Bingöl University, Bingöl, Turkey
Search for more papers by this authorFiliz Yılmaz
Erzurum Regional Training and Research Hospital, Ministry of Health, Erzurum, Turkey
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Ayla Çapık
Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Health Science, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
Correspondence Ayla Çapik, RM, PhD, Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Health Science, Ataturk University, Erzurum 25240, Turkey. Email: [email protected]
Search for more papers by this authorMeyreme Aksoy
Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
Search for more papers by this authorEmine Yılmaz
Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Science, Bingöl University, Bingöl, Turkey
Search for more papers by this authorFiliz Yılmaz
Erzurum Regional Training and Research Hospital, Ministry of Health, Erzurum, Turkey
Search for more papers by this authorAbstract
Purpose
The purpose of the present study is to conduct the Turkish validity and reliability study of the Infertility Stigma Scale (ISS).
Design and methods
This methodological study was conducted in an infertility polyclinic in Turkey. The sample consisted of 178 infertile women.
Findings
The validity of the four-factor structure of the scale and the appropriateness of its fit indices were confirmed. The analyses of internal consistency indicated that the total score correlations of items were sufficient; test-retest, r = 0.948;P < 0.001; Cronbach's α = 0.93.
Practice implications
ISS could be used as a useful assessment instrument in investigating the stigma concerning infertility and making efficient related interventions.
CONFLICTS OF INTEREST
The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest.
REFERENCES
- 1 Centers for Disease Control. (2010). Outline for a National Action Plan for the Prevention, Detection and Management of Infertility, Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, GA. https://www.cdc.gov/art/pdf/nationalactionplan.pdf
- 2Gonzalez LO. Infertility as a transformational process: a framework for psychotherapeutic support of infertile women. Issues Ment Health Nurs. 2000; 21(6): 619-633.
- 3Sternke EA, Abrahamson K. Perceptions of women with infertility on stigma and disability. Sex Disabil. 2015; 33(1): 3-17. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11195-014-9348-6
- 4Donkor ES, Sandall J. The impact of perceived stigma and mediating social factors on infertility-related stress among women seeking infertility treatment in Southern Ghana. Soc Sci Med. 2007; 65(8): 1683-1694. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2007.06.003
- 5Missmer SA, Seifer DB, Jain T. Cultural factors contributing to health care disparities among patients with infertility in Midwestern United States. Fertil Steril. 2011; 95(6): 1943-1949. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2011.02.039
- 6Obeidat HM, Hamlan AM, Callister LC. Missing motherhood: Jordanian women's experiences with infertility. Adv Psychiatry. 2014; 2014: 1-7. https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/241075
10.1155/2014/241075 Google Scholar
- 7Fledderjohann JJ‘Zero is not good for me’: implications of infertility in Ghana. Hum Reprod. 2012; 27(5): 1383-1390. https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/des035
- 8Topdemir Koçyiğit O. Infertility and its socio-cultural impacts. İnsanbil Derg. 2012; 1(1): 27-38. http://dergipark.gov.tr/download/article-file/98105
- 9Dierickx S, Rahbari L, Longman C, Jaiteh F, Coene G‘I am always crying on the inside’: a qualitative study on the implications of infertility on women's lives in urban Gambia. Reprod Health. 2018; 15(1): 151. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12978-018-0596-2
- 10Ergin RN, Polat A, Kars B, Öztekin D, Sofuoğlu K, Çalışkan E. Social stigma and familial attitudes related to infertility. Turk J Obstet Gynecol. 2018; 15(1): 46-49. https://doi.org/10.4274/tjod.04307
- 11 World Health Organisation. Mother or nothing: the agony of infertility. WHO Bulletin. 2010; 88: 881-882. https://doi.org/10.2471/BLT.10.011210 http://www.who.int/bulletin/volumes/88/12/10.011210.pdf
- 12Mascarenhas MN, Flaxman SR, Boerma T, Vanderpoel S, Stevens GA. National, regional, and global trends in infertility prevalence since 1990: A systematic analysis of 277 health surveys. PLOS Med. 2012; 9(12): 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1001356
- 13Sezgin H, Hocaoglu C. Psychiatric aspects of infertility. Curr Approaches Psychiatry. 2014; 6(2): 165-185. https://doi.org/10.5455/cap.20131001091415
- 14Begum BN, Hasan S. Psychological problems among women with infertility problem: a comparative study. J Pak Med Assoc. 2014; 64(11): 1287-1291.
- 15Yilmaz E, Kavak F. The effect of stigma on depression levels of Turkish women with infertility. Perspect Psychiatr Care. 2018: 1-5. In press. https://doi.org/10.1111/ppc.12319
- 16Dhont N. Clinical, epidemiological and socio-cultural aspects of infertility in resource-poor settings. Evidence from Rwanda. Facts Views Vis ObGyn. 2011; 3(2): 77-88.
- 17de Kok BC. Infertility and relationships: the importance of constructions in context. Families Relationships Societies. 2013; 2(1): 23-42. https://doi.org/10.1332/204674313X664680
- 18Donkor ES, Naab F, Kussiwaah DY. “I am anxious and desperate”: psychological experiences of women with infertility in The Greater Accra Region, Ghana. Fertil Res Pract. 2017; 3(1): 6. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40738-017-0033-1
- 19Boz İ, Okumuş H. The “everything about the existence” experiences of Turkish women with infertility: solicited diaries in qualitative research. J Nurs Res. 2017; 25(4): 268-275. https://doi.org/10.1097/jnr.0000000000000166
- 20Dancet EAF, D'Hooghe TM, Sermeus W, et al. Patients from across Europe have similar views on patient-centred care: An international multilingual qualitative study in infertility care. Hum Reprod. 2012; 27(6): 1702-1711. https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/des061
- 21Fu B, Qin N, Cheng L, et al. Development and validation of an Infertility Stigma Scale for Chinese women. J Psychosom Res. 2015; 79(1): 69-75. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychores.2014.11.014
- 22Rajabi G, Jelodari A, Amiri Asl J. Reliability and validity of the Persian Infertility Stigma Scale (ISS) in infertility women. Sci J Hamadan Nurs Midwifery Fac. 2017; 25(4): 104-113. https://doi.org/10.30699/sjhnmf.25.4.104
10.30699/sjhnmf.25.4.104 Google Scholar
- 23Tavşancıl E. Tutumların ölçülmesi ve SPSS ile veri analizi [Measurement of Attitudes and Data Analysis with SPSS]. 5th ed. Ankara, Turkey: Nobel Yayın Dağıtım; 2010.
- 24Zamanzadeh V, Rassouli M, Abbaszadeh A, Majd HA, Nikanfar A, Ghahramanian A. Details of content validity and objectifying it in instrument development. Nurs Pract Today. 2015; 1(3): 163-171.
- 25Özgüven İE. Psikolojik testler [Psychological Testing]. 1st ed. Ankara, Turkey: Sistem Ofset; 2004.
- 26Özdamar K. Paket programlar ile istatistiksel veri analizi [Statistical Data Analysis with Packaged Software]. 9th ed. Ankara, Turkey: Nisan Kitabevi; 2013.
- 27 Scientific-Software-International. (2009). Asymptotic covariancematrix fromfile command. http://www.ssicentral.com/lisrel/resources.html
- 28Arafat S, Chowdhury H, Qusar M, Hafez M. Cross-cultural adaptation and psychometric validation of research instruments: A methodological review. J Behav Health. 2016; 5(3): 129-136. https://doi.org/10.5455/jbh.20160615121755
10.5455/jbh.20160615121755 Google Scholar
- 29Coster WJ, Mancini MC. Recommendations for translation and cross-cultural adaptation of instruments for occupational therapy research and practice. Rev Ter Ocup Univ São Paulo. 2015; 26(1): 50-57.
10.11606/issn.2238-6149.v26i1p50-57 Google Scholar
- 30Akdağ M (2011). Statistical analysis in the SPSS. https://cms.inonu.edu.tr/uploads/old/5/1328/spss-testleri.doc
- 31Karasar N. Bilimsel araştırma yöntemi [Scientific Research Method]. 27th ed. Ankara, Turkey: Nobel Akademik Yayıncılık; 2014.
- 32Şimsek ÖF. Yapısal eşitlik modellemesine giriş: Temel ilkeler ve LISREL uygulamaları [Structural Equation Modeling: Basic Principles And Applications LISREL]. Ankara, Turkey: Ekinoks; 2007.
- 33Schumacker RE, Lomax RG. A Beginner's Guide to Structural Equation Modeling. New York, NY: Taylor & Francis Group; 2010.
- 34Waltz CF, Strcikland OL, Lenz ER. Measurement in Nursing and Health Research. 4th ed. New York, NY: Springer Publishing Company; 2010.
- 35Wang J, Wang X. Structural Equation Modeling: Applications using Mplus. West Susex, UK: John Wiley & Sons; 2012.
10.1002/9781118356258 Google Scholar
- 36Harrington D. Confirmatory Factor Analysis. New York, NY: Oxford University Press; 2009.