Subgingival Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans associates with the risk of coronary artery disease
Corresponding Author
Päivi Mäntylä
Institute of Dentistry, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
Address: Päivi Mäntylä, Institute of Dentistry, P. O. Box 41, Institute of Dentistry, 00014 University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
E-mail: [email protected]
Search for more papers by this authorKåre Buhlin
Institute of Dentistry, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
Division of Periodontology, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
Search for more papers by this authorSusanna Paju
Institute of Dentistry, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
Search for more papers by this authorG. Rutger Persson
Departments of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
Department of Periodontology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
Oral Health Sciences, University of Kristianstad, Kristianstad, Sweden
Search for more papers by this authorMarkku S. Nieminen
Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
Search for more papers by this authorJuha Sinisalo
Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
Search for more papers by this authorPirkko J. Pussinen
Institute of Dentistry, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Päivi Mäntylä
Institute of Dentistry, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
Address: Päivi Mäntylä, Institute of Dentistry, P. O. Box 41, Institute of Dentistry, 00014 University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
E-mail: [email protected]
Search for more papers by this authorKåre Buhlin
Institute of Dentistry, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
Division of Periodontology, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
Search for more papers by this authorSusanna Paju
Institute of Dentistry, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
Search for more papers by this authorG. Rutger Persson
Departments of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
Department of Periodontology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
Oral Health Sciences, University of Kristianstad, Kristianstad, Sweden
Search for more papers by this authorMarkku S. Nieminen
Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
Search for more papers by this authorJuha Sinisalo
Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
Search for more papers by this authorPirkko J. Pussinen
Institute of Dentistry, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
Search for more papers by this authorConflict of interest and source of funding statement:
The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
The study was financially supported by the Academy of Finland (#118391), the Sigrid Juselius Foundation, the Finnish Dental Society Apollonia, Finnish Medical Society (Einar and Karin Stroems Foundation), Aarne Koskelo Foundation, and the Paulo Foundation.
Abstract
Aim
We investigated the association between angiographically verified coronary artery disease (CAD) and subgingival Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia and Treponema denticola.
Materials and Methods
The cross-sectional study population (n = 445) comprised 171 (38.4%) patients with Stable CAD, 158 (35.5%) with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and 116 (26.1%) with no significant CAD (No CAD). All patients participated in clinical and radiological oral health examinations. Pooled subgingival bacterial samples were analysed by checkerboard DNA–DNA hybridization assays.
Results
In all study groups, the presence of P. gingivalis, T. forsythia and T. denticola indicated a significant (p ≤ 0.001) linear association with the extent of alveolar bone loss (ABL), but A. actinomycetemcomitans did not (p = 0.074). With a threshold level of bacterial cells 1 × 105 A. actinomycetemcomitans was significantly more prevalent in the Stable CAD group (42.1%) compared to the No CAD group (30.2%) (p = 0.040). In a multi-adjusted logistic regression analysis using this threshold, A. actinomycetemcomitans positivity associated with Stable CAD (OR 1.83, 95% CI 1.00–3.35, p = 0.049), but its level or levels of other bacteria did not.
Conclusions
The presence of subgingival A. actinomycetemcomitans associates with an almost twofold risk of Stable CAD independently of alveolar bone loss.
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