Activity assay of membrane transport proteins
Hao Xie,
Corresponding Author
Hao Xie
Department of Biological Science and Biotechnology, Institute of Science, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
*Corresponding author: Tel, 86-27-63391990; Fax, 86-27-87875245; E-mail, [email protected]Search for more papers by this authorHao Xie,
Corresponding Author
Hao Xie
Department of Biological Science and Biotechnology, Institute of Science, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
*Corresponding author: Tel, 86-27-63391990; Fax, 86-27-87875245; E-mail, [email protected]Search for more papers by this authorThis work was supported by a grant from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 30600004)
Abstract
Membrane transport proteins are integral membrane proteins and considered as potential drug targets. Activity assay of transport proteins is essential for developing drugs to target these proteins. Major issues related to activity assessment of transport proteins include availability of transporters, transport activity of transporters, and interactions between ligands and transporters. Researchers need to consider the physiological status of proteins (bound in lipid membranes or purified), availability and specificity of substrates, and the purpose of the activity assay (screening, identifying, or comparing substrates and inhibitors) before choosing appropriate assay strategies and techniques. Transport proteins bound in vesicular membranes can be assayed for transporting substrate across membranes by means of uptake assay or entrance counterflow assay. Alternatively, transport proteins can be assayed for interactions with ligands by using techniques such as isothermal titration calorimetry, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, or surface plasmon resonance. Other methods and techniques such as fluorometry, scintillation proximity assay, electrophysiologi-cal assay, or stopped-flow assay could also be used for activity assay of transport proteins. In this paper the major strategies and techniques for activity assessment of membrane transport proteins are reviewed.
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