Racial Disparities in Erectile Dysfunction among Participants in the California Men's Health Study

Corresponding Author

James F. Smith MD, MS

University of California, San Francisco, Department of Urology, San Francisco, CA, USA;

University of California, San Francisco, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, San Francisco, CA, USA;

James F. Smith, MD, MS, Urology, University of California San Francisco, 1600 Divisadero, box 1695, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA. Tel: 415-885-3694; Fax: 415-885-7443; E-mail: [email protected]Search for more papers by this author

Bette J. Caan DrPH,

Bette J. Caan DrPH

Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Division of Research, Oakland, CA, USA;

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Barbara Sternfeld PhD,

Barbara Sternfeld PhD

Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Division of Research, Oakland, CA, USA;

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Reina Haque PhD,

Reina Haque PhD

Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Research and Evaluation, Pasadena, CA, USA;

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Charles P. Quesenberry Jr PhD,

Charles P. Quesenberry Jr PhD

Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Division of Research, Oakland, CA, USA;

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Virginia P. Quinn PhD,

Virginia P. Quinn PhD

Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Research and Evaluation, Pasadena, CA, USA;

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Jun Shan PhD,

Jun Shan PhD

Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Division of Research, Oakland, CA, USA;

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Thomas J. Walsh MD, MS,

Thomas J. Walsh MD, MS

University of Washington, Department of Urology, Seattle, WA, USA

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Tom F. Lue MD,

Tom F. Lue MD

University of California, San Francisco, Department of Urology, San Francisco, CA, USA;

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Steven J. Jacobsen MD, PhD,

Steven J. Jacobsen MD, PhD

Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Research and Evaluation, Pasadena, CA, USA;

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Stephen K. Van Den Eeden PhD,

Stephen K. Van Den Eeden PhD

Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Division of Research, Oakland, CA, USA;

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James F. Smith MD, MS,

Corresponding Author

James F. Smith MD, MS

University of California, San Francisco, Department of Urology, San Francisco, CA, USA;

University of California, San Francisco, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, San Francisco, CA, USA;

Bette J. Caan DrPH,

Bette J. Caan DrPH

Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Division of Research, Oakland, CA, USA;

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Barbara Sternfeld PhD,

Barbara Sternfeld PhD

Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Division of Research, Oakland, CA, USA;

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Reina Haque PhD,

Reina Haque PhD

Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Research and Evaluation, Pasadena, CA, USA;

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Charles P. Quesenberry Jr PhD,

Charles P. Quesenberry Jr PhD

Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Division of Research, Oakland, CA, USA;

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Virginia P. Quinn PhD,

Virginia P. Quinn PhD

Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Research and Evaluation, Pasadena, CA, USA;

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Jun Shan PhD,

Jun Shan PhD

Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Division of Research, Oakland, CA, USA;

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Thomas J. Walsh MD, MS,

Thomas J. Walsh MD, MS

University of Washington, Department of Urology, Seattle, WA, USA

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Tom F. Lue MD,

Tom F. Lue MD

University of California, San Francisco, Department of Urology, San Francisco, CA, USA;

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Steven J. Jacobsen MD, PhD,

Steven J. Jacobsen MD, PhD

Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Research and Evaluation, Pasadena, CA, USA;

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Stephen K. Van Den Eeden PhD,

Stephen K. Van Den Eeden PhD

Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Division of Research, Oakland, CA, USA;

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First published: 24 November 2009

https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1743-6109.2009.01519.x

Citations: 8

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ABSTRACT

Introduction. The burden of erectile dysfunction (ED) among different racial and ethnic groups is unclear, in part, because prior studies have not included all four major racial and ethnic groups in the same population-based sample.

Aim. To determine the prevalence and odds of ED among all four major racial and ethnic groups after adjustment for demographic, medical, socioeconomic, and lifestyle characteristics.

Methods. This cross-sectional study was conducted using data from men, aged 45–69 years, without a diagnosis of prostate cancer (N = 78,445), who completed questionnaires as part of the California Men's Health Study, a large multiethnic cohort study with detailed demographic, medical and, socioeconomic data.

Main Outcome Measure. Erectile dysfunction measured by a previously validated four-level response question.

Results. The overall prevalence of ED by age category was 13%, 24%, and 44% for men aged 45–49 years, 50 and 59 years, and 60–69 years, respectively. In a multivariable model, relative to white men, Hispanic (OR 1.05, 95% CI 0.99, 1.12), Asian (OR 1.1, 95% CI 1.02, 1.19), and other men (OR 1.13, 95% CI 1.06, 1.1.21) had increased odds of moderate-severe ED, while black men were less likely to report moderate to severe ED (OR 0.86, 95% CI 0.81, 0.92). Black (OR 0.54, 95% CI 0.48, 0.61) and Asian men (OR 0.91, 95% CI 0.80, 1.04) were less likely to have severe ED after adjustment for age, socioeconomic status, medical co-morbidities, and lifestyle characteristics.

Conclusion. These data demonstrate that the prevalence of ED among different racial and ethnic groups is likely the result of complex phenomena and depends upon the interplay of socioeconomic, demographic, medical, cultural, and lifestyle characteristics. After accounting for these factors, these data suggest that Asian and black men are less likely to have severe ED relative to white men. Smith JF, Caan BJ, Sternfeld B, Haque R, Quesenberry CP, Jr, Quinn VP, Shan J, Walsh TJ, Lue TF, Jacobsen SJ, and Van Den Eeden SK. Racial disparities in erectile dysfunction among participants in the California men's health study. J Sex Med 2009;6:3433–3439.

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