The Challenge of Pneumocystis carinii Culture1
Corresponding Author
ELAINE SLOAND
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Building 31, Room 5A48, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
To whom correspondence should be addressed. Addresses for other authors are as follows:
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, 6003 Executive Boulevard, Solar Building. Room 2C10, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Yale University School of Medicine, Box 3333, 60 College Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06510.
University Hospital N340,926 West Michigan Street, Indiana University Medical Center, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202-5250.
University of California, Veterans Administration Medical Center, 113B, 4150 Clement Street, San Francisco, California 94121.
College of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, 231 Bethesda Avenue (ML560), Cincinnati, Ohio 45220.
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Westwood Building, Room 6A09, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Building 10, Room 7D43, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Indiana University School of Medicine, 1001 West Tenth Street, Room OPW 425, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202-2879.
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Federal Building, Room 416, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
University of Connecticut, Veterans Administration Center, 555 Willard Avenue, Newington, Connecticut 06111.
Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06510.
New England Deaconess Hospital 185 Pilgrim Road, Palmer 127, Boston, Massachusetts 02115.
Department of Veterans Affairs, Medical Center, 3200 Vine Street (ML560), Cincinnati, Ohio 45220.
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
BARBARA LAUGHON
To whom correspondence should be addressed. Addresses for other authors are as follows:
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, 6003 Executive Boulevard, Solar Building. Room 2C10, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Yale University School of Medicine, Box 3333, 60 College Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06510.
University Hospital N340,926 West Michigan Street, Indiana University Medical Center, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202-5250.
University of California, Veterans Administration Medical Center, 113B, 4150 Clement Street, San Francisco, California 94121.
College of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, 231 Bethesda Avenue (ML560), Cincinnati, Ohio 45220.
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Westwood Building, Room 6A09, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Building 10, Room 7D43, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Indiana University School of Medicine, 1001 West Tenth Street, Room OPW 425, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202-2879.
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Federal Building, Room 416, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
University of Connecticut, Veterans Administration Center, 555 Willard Avenue, Newington, Connecticut 06111.
Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06510.
New England Deaconess Hospital 185 Pilgrim Road, Palmer 127, Boston, Massachusetts 02115.
Department of Veterans Affairs, Medical Center, 3200 Vine Street (ML560), Cincinnati, Ohio 45220.
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
MARTINE ARMSTRONG
To whom correspondence should be addressed. Addresses for other authors are as follows:
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, 6003 Executive Boulevard, Solar Building. Room 2C10, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Yale University School of Medicine, Box 3333, 60 College Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06510.
University Hospital N340,926 West Michigan Street, Indiana University Medical Center, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202-5250.
University of California, Veterans Administration Medical Center, 113B, 4150 Clement Street, San Francisco, California 94121.
College of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, 231 Bethesda Avenue (ML560), Cincinnati, Ohio 45220.
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Westwood Building, Room 6A09, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Building 10, Room 7D43, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Indiana University School of Medicine, 1001 West Tenth Street, Room OPW 425, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202-2879.
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Federal Building, Room 416, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
University of Connecticut, Veterans Administration Center, 555 Willard Avenue, Newington, Connecticut 06111.
Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06510.
New England Deaconess Hospital 185 Pilgrim Road, Palmer 127, Boston, Massachusetts 02115.
Department of Veterans Affairs, Medical Center, 3200 Vine Street (ML560), Cincinnati, Ohio 45220.
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
MARILYN S. BARTLETT
To whom correspondence should be addressed. Addresses for other authors are as follows:
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, 6003 Executive Boulevard, Solar Building. Room 2C10, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Yale University School of Medicine, Box 3333, 60 College Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06510.
University Hospital N340,926 West Michigan Street, Indiana University Medical Center, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202-5250.
University of California, Veterans Administration Medical Center, 113B, 4150 Clement Street, San Francisco, California 94121.
College of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, 231 Bethesda Avenue (ML560), Cincinnati, Ohio 45220.
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Westwood Building, Room 6A09, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Building 10, Room 7D43, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Indiana University School of Medicine, 1001 West Tenth Street, Room OPW 425, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202-2879.
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Federal Building, Room 416, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
University of Connecticut, Veterans Administration Center, 555 Willard Avenue, Newington, Connecticut 06111.
Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06510.
New England Deaconess Hospital 185 Pilgrim Road, Palmer 127, Boston, Massachusetts 02115.
Department of Veterans Affairs, Medical Center, 3200 Vine Street (ML560), Cincinnati, Ohio 45220.
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
WALTER BLUMENFELD
To whom correspondence should be addressed. Addresses for other authors are as follows:
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, 6003 Executive Boulevard, Solar Building. Room 2C10, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Yale University School of Medicine, Box 3333, 60 College Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06510.
University Hospital N340,926 West Michigan Street, Indiana University Medical Center, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202-5250.
University of California, Veterans Administration Medical Center, 113B, 4150 Clement Street, San Francisco, California 94121.
College of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, 231 Bethesda Avenue (ML560), Cincinnati, Ohio 45220.
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Westwood Building, Room 6A09, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Building 10, Room 7D43, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Indiana University School of Medicine, 1001 West Tenth Street, Room OPW 425, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202-2879.
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Federal Building, Room 416, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
University of Connecticut, Veterans Administration Center, 555 Willard Avenue, Newington, Connecticut 06111.
Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06510.
New England Deaconess Hospital 185 Pilgrim Road, Palmer 127, Boston, Massachusetts 02115.
Department of Veterans Affairs, Medical Center, 3200 Vine Street (ML560), Cincinnati, Ohio 45220.
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
MELANIE CUSHION
To whom correspondence should be addressed. Addresses for other authors are as follows:
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, 6003 Executive Boulevard, Solar Building. Room 2C10, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Yale University School of Medicine, Box 3333, 60 College Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06510.
University Hospital N340,926 West Michigan Street, Indiana University Medical Center, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202-5250.
University of California, Veterans Administration Medical Center, 113B, 4150 Clement Street, San Francisco, California 94121.
College of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, 231 Bethesda Avenue (ML560), Cincinnati, Ohio 45220.
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Westwood Building, Room 6A09, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Building 10, Room 7D43, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Indiana University School of Medicine, 1001 West Tenth Street, Room OPW 425, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202-2879.
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Federal Building, Room 416, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
University of Connecticut, Veterans Administration Center, 555 Willard Avenue, Newington, Connecticut 06111.
Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06510.
New England Deaconess Hospital 185 Pilgrim Road, Palmer 127, Boston, Massachusetts 02115.
Department of Veterans Affairs, Medical Center, 3200 Vine Street (ML560), Cincinnati, Ohio 45220.
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
ANTHONY KALICA
To whom correspondence should be addressed. Addresses for other authors are as follows:
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, 6003 Executive Boulevard, Solar Building. Room 2C10, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Yale University School of Medicine, Box 3333, 60 College Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06510.
University Hospital N340,926 West Michigan Street, Indiana University Medical Center, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202-5250.
University of California, Veterans Administration Medical Center, 113B, 4150 Clement Street, San Francisco, California 94121.
College of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, 231 Bethesda Avenue (ML560), Cincinnati, Ohio 45220.
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Westwood Building, Room 6A09, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Building 10, Room 7D43, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Indiana University School of Medicine, 1001 West Tenth Street, Room OPW 425, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202-2879.
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Federal Building, Room 416, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
University of Connecticut, Veterans Administration Center, 555 Willard Avenue, Newington, Connecticut 06111.
Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06510.
New England Deaconess Hospital 185 Pilgrim Road, Palmer 127, Boston, Massachusetts 02115.
Department of Veterans Affairs, Medical Center, 3200 Vine Street (ML560), Cincinnati, Ohio 45220.
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
JOSEPH A. KOVACS
To whom correspondence should be addressed. Addresses for other authors are as follows:
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, 6003 Executive Boulevard, Solar Building. Room 2C10, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Yale University School of Medicine, Box 3333, 60 College Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06510.
University Hospital N340,926 West Michigan Street, Indiana University Medical Center, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202-5250.
University of California, Veterans Administration Medical Center, 113B, 4150 Clement Street, San Francisco, California 94121.
College of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, 231 Bethesda Avenue (ML560), Cincinnati, Ohio 45220.
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Westwood Building, Room 6A09, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Building 10, Room 7D43, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Indiana University School of Medicine, 1001 West Tenth Street, Room OPW 425, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202-2879.
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Federal Building, Room 416, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
University of Connecticut, Veterans Administration Center, 555 Willard Avenue, Newington, Connecticut 06111.
Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06510.
New England Deaconess Hospital 185 Pilgrim Road, Palmer 127, Boston, Massachusetts 02115.
Department of Veterans Affairs, Medical Center, 3200 Vine Street (ML560), Cincinnati, Ohio 45220.
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
WILLIAM MARTIN
To whom correspondence should be addressed. Addresses for other authors are as follows:
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, 6003 Executive Boulevard, Solar Building. Room 2C10, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Yale University School of Medicine, Box 3333, 60 College Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06510.
University Hospital N340,926 West Michigan Street, Indiana University Medical Center, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202-5250.
University of California, Veterans Administration Medical Center, 113B, 4150 Clement Street, San Francisco, California 94121.
College of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, 231 Bethesda Avenue (ML560), Cincinnati, Ohio 45220.
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Westwood Building, Room 6A09, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Building 10, Room 7D43, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Indiana University School of Medicine, 1001 West Tenth Street, Room OPW 425, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202-2879.
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Federal Building, Room 416, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
University of Connecticut, Veterans Administration Center, 555 Willard Avenue, Newington, Connecticut 06111.
Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06510.
New England Deaconess Hospital 185 Pilgrim Road, Palmer 127, Boston, Massachusetts 02115.
Department of Veterans Affairs, Medical Center, 3200 Vine Street (ML560), Cincinnati, Ohio 45220.
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
ELISABETH PITT
To whom correspondence should be addressed. Addresses for other authors are as follows:
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, 6003 Executive Boulevard, Solar Building. Room 2C10, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Yale University School of Medicine, Box 3333, 60 College Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06510.
University Hospital N340,926 West Michigan Street, Indiana University Medical Center, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202-5250.
University of California, Veterans Administration Medical Center, 113B, 4150 Clement Street, San Francisco, California 94121.
College of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, 231 Bethesda Avenue (ML560), Cincinnati, Ohio 45220.
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Westwood Building, Room 6A09, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Building 10, Room 7D43, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Indiana University School of Medicine, 1001 West Tenth Street, Room OPW 425, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202-2879.
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Federal Building, Room 416, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
University of Connecticut, Veterans Administration Center, 555 Willard Avenue, Newington, Connecticut 06111.
Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06510.
New England Deaconess Hospital 185 Pilgrim Road, Palmer 127, Boston, Massachusetts 02115.
Department of Veterans Affairs, Medical Center, 3200 Vine Street (ML560), Cincinnati, Ohio 45220.
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
EDWARD L. PESANTI
To whom correspondence should be addressed. Addresses for other authors are as follows:
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, 6003 Executive Boulevard, Solar Building. Room 2C10, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Yale University School of Medicine, Box 3333, 60 College Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06510.
University Hospital N340,926 West Michigan Street, Indiana University Medical Center, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202-5250.
University of California, Veterans Administration Medical Center, 113B, 4150 Clement Street, San Francisco, California 94121.
College of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, 231 Bethesda Avenue (ML560), Cincinnati, Ohio 45220.
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Westwood Building, Room 6A09, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Building 10, Room 7D43, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Indiana University School of Medicine, 1001 West Tenth Street, Room OPW 425, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202-2879.
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Federal Building, Room 416, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
University of Connecticut, Veterans Administration Center, 555 Willard Avenue, Newington, Connecticut 06111.
Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06510.
New England Deaconess Hospital 185 Pilgrim Road, Palmer 127, Boston, Massachusetts 02115.
Department of Veterans Affairs, Medical Center, 3200 Vine Street (ML560), Cincinnati, Ohio 45220.
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
FRANK RICHARDS
To whom correspondence should be addressed. Addresses for other authors are as follows:
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, 6003 Executive Boulevard, Solar Building. Room 2C10, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Yale University School of Medicine, Box 3333, 60 College Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06510.
University Hospital N340,926 West Michigan Street, Indiana University Medical Center, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202-5250.
University of California, Veterans Administration Medical Center, 113B, 4150 Clement Street, San Francisco, California 94121.
College of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, 231 Bethesda Avenue (ML560), Cincinnati, Ohio 45220.
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Westwood Building, Room 6A09, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Building 10, Room 7D43, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Indiana University School of Medicine, 1001 West Tenth Street, Room OPW 425, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202-2879.
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Federal Building, Room 416, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
University of Connecticut, Veterans Administration Center, 555 Willard Avenue, Newington, Connecticut 06111.
Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06510.
New England Deaconess Hospital 185 Pilgrim Road, Palmer 127, Boston, Massachusetts 02115.
Department of Veterans Affairs, Medical Center, 3200 Vine Street (ML560), Cincinnati, Ohio 45220.
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
RICHARD ROSE
To whom correspondence should be addressed. Addresses for other authors are as follows:
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, 6003 Executive Boulevard, Solar Building. Room 2C10, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Yale University School of Medicine, Box 3333, 60 College Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06510.
University Hospital N340,926 West Michigan Street, Indiana University Medical Center, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202-5250.
University of California, Veterans Administration Medical Center, 113B, 4150 Clement Street, San Francisco, California 94121.
College of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, 231 Bethesda Avenue (ML560), Cincinnati, Ohio 45220.
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Westwood Building, Room 6A09, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Building 10, Room 7D43, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Indiana University School of Medicine, 1001 West Tenth Street, Room OPW 425, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202-2879.
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Federal Building, Room 416, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
University of Connecticut, Veterans Administration Center, 555 Willard Avenue, Newington, Connecticut 06111.
Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06510.
New England Deaconess Hospital 185 Pilgrim Road, Palmer 127, Boston, Massachusetts 02115.
Department of Veterans Affairs, Medical Center, 3200 Vine Street (ML560), Cincinnati, Ohio 45220.
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
PETER WALZER
To whom correspondence should be addressed. Addresses for other authors are as follows:
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, 6003 Executive Boulevard, Solar Building. Room 2C10, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Yale University School of Medicine, Box 3333, 60 College Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06510.
University Hospital N340,926 West Michigan Street, Indiana University Medical Center, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202-5250.
University of California, Veterans Administration Medical Center, 113B, 4150 Clement Street, San Francisco, California 94121.
College of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, 231 Bethesda Avenue (ML560), Cincinnati, Ohio 45220.
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Westwood Building, Room 6A09, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Building 10, Room 7D43, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Indiana University School of Medicine, 1001 West Tenth Street, Room OPW 425, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202-2879.
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Federal Building, Room 416, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
University of Connecticut, Veterans Administration Center, 555 Willard Avenue, Newington, Connecticut 06111.
Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06510.
New England Deaconess Hospital 185 Pilgrim Road, Palmer 127, Boston, Massachusetts 02115.
Department of Veterans Affairs, Medical Center, 3200 Vine Street (ML560), Cincinnati, Ohio 45220.
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
ELAINE SLOAND
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Building 31, Room 5A48, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
To whom correspondence should be addressed. Addresses for other authors are as follows:
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, 6003 Executive Boulevard, Solar Building. Room 2C10, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Yale University School of Medicine, Box 3333, 60 College Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06510.
University Hospital N340,926 West Michigan Street, Indiana University Medical Center, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202-5250.
University of California, Veterans Administration Medical Center, 113B, 4150 Clement Street, San Francisco, California 94121.
College of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, 231 Bethesda Avenue (ML560), Cincinnati, Ohio 45220.
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Westwood Building, Room 6A09, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Building 10, Room 7D43, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Indiana University School of Medicine, 1001 West Tenth Street, Room OPW 425, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202-2879.
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Federal Building, Room 416, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
University of Connecticut, Veterans Administration Center, 555 Willard Avenue, Newington, Connecticut 06111.
Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06510.
New England Deaconess Hospital 185 Pilgrim Road, Palmer 127, Boston, Massachusetts 02115.
Department of Veterans Affairs, Medical Center, 3200 Vine Street (ML560), Cincinnati, Ohio 45220.
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
BARBARA LAUGHON
To whom correspondence should be addressed. Addresses for other authors are as follows:
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, 6003 Executive Boulevard, Solar Building. Room 2C10, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Yale University School of Medicine, Box 3333, 60 College Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06510.
University Hospital N340,926 West Michigan Street, Indiana University Medical Center, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202-5250.
University of California, Veterans Administration Medical Center, 113B, 4150 Clement Street, San Francisco, California 94121.
College of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, 231 Bethesda Avenue (ML560), Cincinnati, Ohio 45220.
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Westwood Building, Room 6A09, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Building 10, Room 7D43, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Indiana University School of Medicine, 1001 West Tenth Street, Room OPW 425, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202-2879.
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Federal Building, Room 416, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
University of Connecticut, Veterans Administration Center, 555 Willard Avenue, Newington, Connecticut 06111.
Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06510.
New England Deaconess Hospital 185 Pilgrim Road, Palmer 127, Boston, Massachusetts 02115.
Department of Veterans Affairs, Medical Center, 3200 Vine Street (ML560), Cincinnati, Ohio 45220.
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
MARTINE ARMSTRONG
To whom correspondence should be addressed. Addresses for other authors are as follows:
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, 6003 Executive Boulevard, Solar Building. Room 2C10, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Yale University School of Medicine, Box 3333, 60 College Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06510.
University Hospital N340,926 West Michigan Street, Indiana University Medical Center, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202-5250.
University of California, Veterans Administration Medical Center, 113B, 4150 Clement Street, San Francisco, California 94121.
College of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, 231 Bethesda Avenue (ML560), Cincinnati, Ohio 45220.
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Westwood Building, Room 6A09, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Building 10, Room 7D43, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Indiana University School of Medicine, 1001 West Tenth Street, Room OPW 425, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202-2879.
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Federal Building, Room 416, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
University of Connecticut, Veterans Administration Center, 555 Willard Avenue, Newington, Connecticut 06111.
Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06510.
New England Deaconess Hospital 185 Pilgrim Road, Palmer 127, Boston, Massachusetts 02115.
Department of Veterans Affairs, Medical Center, 3200 Vine Street (ML560), Cincinnati, Ohio 45220.
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
MARILYN S. BARTLETT
To whom correspondence should be addressed. Addresses for other authors are as follows:
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, 6003 Executive Boulevard, Solar Building. Room 2C10, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Yale University School of Medicine, Box 3333, 60 College Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06510.
University Hospital N340,926 West Michigan Street, Indiana University Medical Center, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202-5250.
University of California, Veterans Administration Medical Center, 113B, 4150 Clement Street, San Francisco, California 94121.
College of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, 231 Bethesda Avenue (ML560), Cincinnati, Ohio 45220.
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Westwood Building, Room 6A09, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Building 10, Room 7D43, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Indiana University School of Medicine, 1001 West Tenth Street, Room OPW 425, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202-2879.
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Federal Building, Room 416, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
University of Connecticut, Veterans Administration Center, 555 Willard Avenue, Newington, Connecticut 06111.
Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06510.
New England Deaconess Hospital 185 Pilgrim Road, Palmer 127, Boston, Massachusetts 02115.
Department of Veterans Affairs, Medical Center, 3200 Vine Street (ML560), Cincinnati, Ohio 45220.
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
WALTER BLUMENFELD
To whom correspondence should be addressed. Addresses for other authors are as follows:
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, 6003 Executive Boulevard, Solar Building. Room 2C10, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Yale University School of Medicine, Box 3333, 60 College Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06510.
University Hospital N340,926 West Michigan Street, Indiana University Medical Center, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202-5250.
University of California, Veterans Administration Medical Center, 113B, 4150 Clement Street, San Francisco, California 94121.
College of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, 231 Bethesda Avenue (ML560), Cincinnati, Ohio 45220.
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Westwood Building, Room 6A09, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Building 10, Room 7D43, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Indiana University School of Medicine, 1001 West Tenth Street, Room OPW 425, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202-2879.
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Federal Building, Room 416, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
University of Connecticut, Veterans Administration Center, 555 Willard Avenue, Newington, Connecticut 06111.
Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06510.
New England Deaconess Hospital 185 Pilgrim Road, Palmer 127, Boston, Massachusetts 02115.
Department of Veterans Affairs, Medical Center, 3200 Vine Street (ML560), Cincinnati, Ohio 45220.
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
MELANIE CUSHION
To whom correspondence should be addressed. Addresses for other authors are as follows:
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, 6003 Executive Boulevard, Solar Building. Room 2C10, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Yale University School of Medicine, Box 3333, 60 College Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06510.
University Hospital N340,926 West Michigan Street, Indiana University Medical Center, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202-5250.
University of California, Veterans Administration Medical Center, 113B, 4150 Clement Street, San Francisco, California 94121.
College of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, 231 Bethesda Avenue (ML560), Cincinnati, Ohio 45220.
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Westwood Building, Room 6A09, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Building 10, Room 7D43, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Indiana University School of Medicine, 1001 West Tenth Street, Room OPW 425, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202-2879.
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Federal Building, Room 416, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
University of Connecticut, Veterans Administration Center, 555 Willard Avenue, Newington, Connecticut 06111.
Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06510.
New England Deaconess Hospital 185 Pilgrim Road, Palmer 127, Boston, Massachusetts 02115.
Department of Veterans Affairs, Medical Center, 3200 Vine Street (ML560), Cincinnati, Ohio 45220.
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
ANTHONY KALICA
To whom correspondence should be addressed. Addresses for other authors are as follows:
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, 6003 Executive Boulevard, Solar Building. Room 2C10, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Yale University School of Medicine, Box 3333, 60 College Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06510.
University Hospital N340,926 West Michigan Street, Indiana University Medical Center, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202-5250.
University of California, Veterans Administration Medical Center, 113B, 4150 Clement Street, San Francisco, California 94121.
College of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, 231 Bethesda Avenue (ML560), Cincinnati, Ohio 45220.
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Westwood Building, Room 6A09, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Building 10, Room 7D43, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Indiana University School of Medicine, 1001 West Tenth Street, Room OPW 425, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202-2879.
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Federal Building, Room 416, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
University of Connecticut, Veterans Administration Center, 555 Willard Avenue, Newington, Connecticut 06111.
Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06510.
New England Deaconess Hospital 185 Pilgrim Road, Palmer 127, Boston, Massachusetts 02115.
Department of Veterans Affairs, Medical Center, 3200 Vine Street (ML560), Cincinnati, Ohio 45220.
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
JOSEPH A. KOVACS
To whom correspondence should be addressed. Addresses for other authors are as follows:
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, 6003 Executive Boulevard, Solar Building. Room 2C10, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Yale University School of Medicine, Box 3333, 60 College Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06510.
University Hospital N340,926 West Michigan Street, Indiana University Medical Center, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202-5250.
University of California, Veterans Administration Medical Center, 113B, 4150 Clement Street, San Francisco, California 94121.
College of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, 231 Bethesda Avenue (ML560), Cincinnati, Ohio 45220.
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Westwood Building, Room 6A09, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Building 10, Room 7D43, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Indiana University School of Medicine, 1001 West Tenth Street, Room OPW 425, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202-2879.
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Federal Building, Room 416, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
University of Connecticut, Veterans Administration Center, 555 Willard Avenue, Newington, Connecticut 06111.
Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06510.
New England Deaconess Hospital 185 Pilgrim Road, Palmer 127, Boston, Massachusetts 02115.
Department of Veterans Affairs, Medical Center, 3200 Vine Street (ML560), Cincinnati, Ohio 45220.
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
WILLIAM MARTIN
To whom correspondence should be addressed. Addresses for other authors are as follows:
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, 6003 Executive Boulevard, Solar Building. Room 2C10, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Yale University School of Medicine, Box 3333, 60 College Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06510.
University Hospital N340,926 West Michigan Street, Indiana University Medical Center, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202-5250.
University of California, Veterans Administration Medical Center, 113B, 4150 Clement Street, San Francisco, California 94121.
College of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, 231 Bethesda Avenue (ML560), Cincinnati, Ohio 45220.
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Westwood Building, Room 6A09, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Building 10, Room 7D43, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Indiana University School of Medicine, 1001 West Tenth Street, Room OPW 425, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202-2879.
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Federal Building, Room 416, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
University of Connecticut, Veterans Administration Center, 555 Willard Avenue, Newington, Connecticut 06111.
Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06510.
New England Deaconess Hospital 185 Pilgrim Road, Palmer 127, Boston, Massachusetts 02115.
Department of Veterans Affairs, Medical Center, 3200 Vine Street (ML560), Cincinnati, Ohio 45220.
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
ELISABETH PITT
To whom correspondence should be addressed. Addresses for other authors are as follows:
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, 6003 Executive Boulevard, Solar Building. Room 2C10, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Yale University School of Medicine, Box 3333, 60 College Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06510.
University Hospital N340,926 West Michigan Street, Indiana University Medical Center, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202-5250.
University of California, Veterans Administration Medical Center, 113B, 4150 Clement Street, San Francisco, California 94121.
College of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, 231 Bethesda Avenue (ML560), Cincinnati, Ohio 45220.
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Westwood Building, Room 6A09, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Building 10, Room 7D43, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Indiana University School of Medicine, 1001 West Tenth Street, Room OPW 425, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202-2879.
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Federal Building, Room 416, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
University of Connecticut, Veterans Administration Center, 555 Willard Avenue, Newington, Connecticut 06111.
Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06510.
New England Deaconess Hospital 185 Pilgrim Road, Palmer 127, Boston, Massachusetts 02115.
Department of Veterans Affairs, Medical Center, 3200 Vine Street (ML560), Cincinnati, Ohio 45220.
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
EDWARD L. PESANTI
To whom correspondence should be addressed. Addresses for other authors are as follows:
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, 6003 Executive Boulevard, Solar Building. Room 2C10, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Yale University School of Medicine, Box 3333, 60 College Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06510.
University Hospital N340,926 West Michigan Street, Indiana University Medical Center, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202-5250.
University of California, Veterans Administration Medical Center, 113B, 4150 Clement Street, San Francisco, California 94121.
College of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, 231 Bethesda Avenue (ML560), Cincinnati, Ohio 45220.
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Westwood Building, Room 6A09, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Building 10, Room 7D43, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Indiana University School of Medicine, 1001 West Tenth Street, Room OPW 425, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202-2879.
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Federal Building, Room 416, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
University of Connecticut, Veterans Administration Center, 555 Willard Avenue, Newington, Connecticut 06111.
Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06510.
New England Deaconess Hospital 185 Pilgrim Road, Palmer 127, Boston, Massachusetts 02115.
Department of Veterans Affairs, Medical Center, 3200 Vine Street (ML560), Cincinnati, Ohio 45220.
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
FRANK RICHARDS
To whom correspondence should be addressed. Addresses for other authors are as follows:
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, 6003 Executive Boulevard, Solar Building. Room 2C10, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Yale University School of Medicine, Box 3333, 60 College Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06510.
University Hospital N340,926 West Michigan Street, Indiana University Medical Center, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202-5250.
University of California, Veterans Administration Medical Center, 113B, 4150 Clement Street, San Francisco, California 94121.
College of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, 231 Bethesda Avenue (ML560), Cincinnati, Ohio 45220.
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Westwood Building, Room 6A09, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Building 10, Room 7D43, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Indiana University School of Medicine, 1001 West Tenth Street, Room OPW 425, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202-2879.
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Federal Building, Room 416, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
University of Connecticut, Veterans Administration Center, 555 Willard Avenue, Newington, Connecticut 06111.
Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06510.
New England Deaconess Hospital 185 Pilgrim Road, Palmer 127, Boston, Massachusetts 02115.
Department of Veterans Affairs, Medical Center, 3200 Vine Street (ML560), Cincinnati, Ohio 45220.
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
RICHARD ROSE
To whom correspondence should be addressed. Addresses for other authors are as follows:
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, 6003 Executive Boulevard, Solar Building. Room 2C10, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Yale University School of Medicine, Box 3333, 60 College Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06510.
University Hospital N340,926 West Michigan Street, Indiana University Medical Center, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202-5250.
University of California, Veterans Administration Medical Center, 113B, 4150 Clement Street, San Francisco, California 94121.
College of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, 231 Bethesda Avenue (ML560), Cincinnati, Ohio 45220.
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Westwood Building, Room 6A09, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Building 10, Room 7D43, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Indiana University School of Medicine, 1001 West Tenth Street, Room OPW 425, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202-2879.
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Federal Building, Room 416, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
University of Connecticut, Veterans Administration Center, 555 Willard Avenue, Newington, Connecticut 06111.
Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06510.
New England Deaconess Hospital 185 Pilgrim Road, Palmer 127, Boston, Massachusetts 02115.
Department of Veterans Affairs, Medical Center, 3200 Vine Street (ML560), Cincinnati, Ohio 45220.
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
PETER WALZER
To whom correspondence should be addressed. Addresses for other authors are as follows:
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, 6003 Executive Boulevard, Solar Building. Room 2C10, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Yale University School of Medicine, Box 3333, 60 College Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06510.
University Hospital N340,926 West Michigan Street, Indiana University Medical Center, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202-5250.
University of California, Veterans Administration Medical Center, 113B, 4150 Clement Street, San Francisco, California 94121.
College of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, 231 Bethesda Avenue (ML560), Cincinnati, Ohio 45220.
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Westwood Building, Room 6A09, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Building 10, Room 7D43, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Indiana University School of Medicine, 1001 West Tenth Street, Room OPW 425, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202-2879.
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Federal Building, Room 416, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
University of Connecticut, Veterans Administration Center, 555 Willard Avenue, Newington, Connecticut 06111.
Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06510.
New England Deaconess Hospital 185 Pilgrim Road, Palmer 127, Boston, Massachusetts 02115.
Department of Veterans Affairs, Medical Center, 3200 Vine Street (ML560), Cincinnati, Ohio 45220.
Search for more papers by this authorThis paper is the result of a panel (the 1990 NIH Pneumocystis Study Group) that was convened to compile existing data on Pneumocystis culture.
Abstract
ABSTRACT. Published and unpublished data on the cultivation of P. carinii were reviewed by a panel of investigators convened by the National Institutes of Health. Although several cell culture systems allow propagation of P. carinii for a limited time with modest rates of replication, these have not proved adequate for isolation of P. carinii in sufficient quantity to explore important basic biological investigation. Attempts at cell-free culture have yielded only transient proliferation. Because much of the unsuccessful work on cultivation of the organism has been unpublished, the panel agreed that these data may be useful to other investigators in designing experimental strategies for cultivation. Therefore, the purpose of this report is to make available this information to researchers, lest others unknowingly repeat unsuccessful methods. It is hoped that by documenting the history and the complexities of Pneumocystis culture, renewed interest and efforts will be directed toward this fundamental scientific challenge.
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