Carbon Nutrition and Metabolism of Polytomella caeca*
DONALD L. WISE
Department of Biology, University College, New York University, New York 53, N. Y.
Department of Biology, The College of Wooster, Wooster, Ohio.
Search for more papers by this authorDONALD L. WISE
Department of Biology, University College, New York University, New York 53, N. Y.
Department of Biology, The College of Wooster, Wooster, Ohio.
Search for more papers by this authorFrom a dissertation presented in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Ph.D. in biology at New York University.
Abstract
SYNOPSIS. Polytomella caeca utilizes as sole carbon sources in chemically defined media: acetate, propionate, butyrate, valerate, pyruvate, succinate, ethyl, butyl, amyl, and hexyl alcohols. Glyceraldehyde and α-ketoglutarate sustain very small populations. Caproate, caprylate, fumarate, malate, propyl, heptyl, and octyl alcohols and the iso-compounds iso-butyrate, iso-butyl and iso-hexyl alcohols are inadequate.
Acetate is not assimilated <pH 5.0, propionate and butyrate <pH 6.0, and valerate <pH 7.0. Optimum for utilization of succinate is pH 3.0, for pyruvate pH 4.0, utilized also at pH 2.0 Fatty acids are utilized dissociated; succinate and pyruvate are utilized undissociated. Alcohols are assimilated throughout pH 4.0–7.4, except hexanol at pH 7.4. Alcohol availability is proportional to molecular length-1.
pH after growth of fatty acid media is 8.4 ± 0.4; stable in pH 2.0 pyruvate and pH 3.0 succinate media; 3.5 ± 0.3 in alcohol media with initial pH <6.0. Longer alcohols cause less pH decrease during growth.
Acetate concentrations <0.2% do not support maximum populations; concentrations of 0.2–1.0% do. pH after growth increases in these media to pH 8.5 with maximum populations.
Malate, fumarate, α-ketoglutarate, and lactate seem not to penetrate the cell, but are metabolized by homogenates. Methylene blue reduction by homogenates indicates the presence of lactic, malic, succinic and α-ketoglutaric dehydrogenases, fumarase and glutamic transaminase. Extracts contain Embden-Meyerhof phosphate esters, ATP, and ADP.
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