Australian and New Zealand Journal of Medicine

Cholesterol and atherosc lerosis

Corresponding Author

Paulus A. Kroon

Associate Professor and Director, Centre for Protein Structure, Function and Engineering, Department of Biochemistry, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld

Department of Biochemistry, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld 4072Search for more papers by this author

Paulus A. Kroon,

Corresponding Author

Paulus A. Kroon

Associate Professor and Director, Centre for Protein Structure, Function and Engineering, Department of Biochemistry, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld

Department of Biochemistry, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld 4072Search for more papers by this author

First published: 25 March 2008

https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1445-5994.1997.tb02224.x

Citations: 3

About

PDF

Tools

Share a link

Email
Wechat
Bluesky

Abstract

Cholesterol is an essential component of cellular membranes, but when present in excess in the circulation, can be deposited in the arterial wall, leading to the formation of atherosclerotic lesions. The principal plasma carrier of cholesterol, low density lipoprotein (LDL), is removed from the circulation by LDL receptors in the liver. This process plays a critical role in regulating plasma LDL levels. The unique structure and composition of the LDL particle makes it particularly susceptible to modification by oxidative reactions. Current evidence suggests that the production of oxidised LDL in the intima, and the removal of oxidised LDL particles by scavenger receptors on macrophages, play a central role in the development and progression of atherosclerotic lesions.

References

1 Goldstein JL, Brown MS. Familial hypercholesterolemia. In: CR Scriver, AL Beaudet, W. Sly, D. Valle (Eds.). The metabolic and molecular bases of inherited disease. 7th edn. New York : McGraw-Hill, 1995; 1981–2030.
Google Scholar
2 Steinberg D., Parthasarathy S., Carew TE, Khoo JC, Witztum JL. Beyond cholesterol. Modifications of low-density lipoprotein that increase its atherogenicity. N Engl J Med 1989; 320: 915–24.
10.1056/NEJM198901053200122
CAS PubMed Web of Science® Google Scholar
3 Esterbauer H., Gebicki J., Puhl H., Jurgens G. The role of lipid peroxidation and antioxidants in oxidative modification of LDL. Free Radic Biol Med 1992; 13: 341–90.
10.1016/0891-5849(92)90181-F
CAS PubMed Web of Science® Google Scholar
4 Campbell JH, Campbell GR. The cell biology of atherosclerosis - new developments. Aust NZ J Med 1997; 27: 497–500.
10.1111/j.1445-5994.1997.tb02225.x
CAS PubMed Web of Science® Google Scholar
5 Krieger M. Molecular flypaper and atherosclerosis: structure of the macrophage scavenger receptor. Trends Biochem Sci 1992; 17: 141–6.
10.1016/0968-0004(92)90322-Z
CAS PubMed Web of Science® Google Scholar
6 Bieri S., Djordjevic JT, Daly NL, Smith R., Kroon PA. Disulfide bridges of a cysteine-rich repeat of the LDL receptor ligand-binding domain. Biochemistry 1995; 34: 13059–65.
10.1021/bi00040a017
CAS PubMed Web of Science® Google Scholar
7 Daly NL, Djordjevic JT, Kroon PA, Smith R. Three-dimensional structure of the second cysteine-rich repeat from the human low-density lipoprotein receptor. Biochemistry 1995; 34: 14474–81.
10.1021/bi00044a025
CAS PubMed Web of Science® Google Scholar
8 Kroon PA, Powell EE. Liver, lipoproteins and disease: I. Biochemistry of lipoprotein metabolism. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 1992; 7: 214–22.
10.1111/j.1440-1746.1992.tb00965.x
CAS PubMed Web of Science® Google Scholar
9 Elovson J., Chatterton JE, Bell GT et al. Plasma very low density lipoproteins contain a single molecule of apolipoprotein B. J Lipid Res 1988; 29: 1461–73.
10.1016/S0022-2275(20)38425-X
CAS PubMed Web of Science® Google Scholar
10 Olivecrona G., Olivecrona T. Triglyceride lipases and atherosclerosis. Curr Opin Lipidol 1995; 6: 291–305.
10.1097/00041433-199510000-00009
CAS PubMed Web of Science® Google Scholar
11 Tall AR. Plasma lipid transfer proteins. J Lipid Res 1986; 27: 361–7.
10.1016/S0022-2275(20)38819-2
CAS PubMed Web of Science® Google Scholar
12 Havel RJ, Hamilton RL. Hepatocytic lipoprotein receptors and intracellular lipoprotein catabolism. Hepatology 1988; 8: 1689–704.
10.1002/hep.1840080637
CAS PubMed Web of Science® Google Scholar
13 Kesaniemi YA, Beltz WF, Grundy SM. Comparisons of metabolism of apolipoprotein B in normal subjects, obese patients, and patients with coronary heart disease. J Clin Invest 1985; 76: 586–95.
10.1172/JCI112010
CAS PubMed Web of Science® Google Scholar
14 Demant T., Carlson LA, Holmquist L. et al. Lipoprotein metabolism in hepatic lipase deficiency: studies on the turnover of apolipoprotein B and on the effect of hepatic lipase on high density lipoprotein. ] Lipid Res 1988; 29: 1603–11.
CAS PubMed Web of Science® Google Scholar
15 Spady DK, Billheimer DW, Dietchy JM. Rates of receptor-dependent and -independent low density lipoprotein uptake in the hamster. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1983; 80: 3499–503.
10.1073/pnas.80.11.3499
CAS PubMed Web of Science® Google Scholar
16 Brown MS, Goldstein JL. A receptor-mediated pathway for cholesterol homeostasis. Science 1986; 232: 34–47.
10.1126/science.3513311
CAS PubMed Web of Science® Google Scholar
17 Brown MS, Goldstein JL. The LDL receptor and HMG-CoA reductase - two membrane molecules that regulate cholesterol homeostasis. Curr Top Cell Regul 1985; 26: 3–15.
10.1016/B978-0-12-152826-3.50008-5
CAS PubMed Web of Science® Google Scholar
18 Shimano H., Horton JD, Hammer RE, Shimomura I., Brown MS, Goldstein JL. Overproduction of cholesterol and fatty acids causes massive liver enlargement. J Clin Invest 1996; 98: 1575–84.
10.1172/JCI118951
CAS PubMed Web of Science® Google Scholar
19 Stark RM. Review of the major intervention trials of lowering coronary artery disease risk. Am J Cardiol 1996; 78: 13–9.
10.1016/S0002-9149(96)00657-1
CAS PubMed Web of Science® Google Scholar

Citing Literature

Volume27, Issue4

August 1997

Pages 492-496

Cholesterol and atherosc lerosis

Abstract

References

Citing Literature

References

Information

About Wiley Online Library

Help & Support

Opportunities

Connect with Wiley

Cholesterol and atherosc lerosis

Abstract

References

Citing Literature

References

Related

Information