Kurt Schneider's Schizophrenia –The Picture of Schizophrenia in a Schneider-Oriented University Clinic–
Corresponding Author
Andreas Marneros M.D.
Psychiatric University Clinic Bonn (Director Prof. Dr. G. Huber)
Universitäts-Nervenklinik, Sigmund-Freud-Str. 25, 5300 Bonn 1, W. GermanySearch for more papers by this authorAnke Rohde M.D.
Psychiatric University Clinic Bonn (Director Prof. Dr. G. Huber)
Search for more papers by this authorArno Deister M.D.
Psychiatric University Clinic Bonn (Director Prof. Dr. G. Huber)
Search for more papers by this authorKaoru Sakamoto
*Psychiatric Clinic of Tokyo Women's Medical College, Tokyo (Director Prof. Dr. S. Shibata)
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Andreas Marneros M.D.
Psychiatric University Clinic Bonn (Director Prof. Dr. G. Huber)
Universitäts-Nervenklinik, Sigmund-Freud-Str. 25, 5300 Bonn 1, W. GermanySearch for more papers by this authorAnke Rohde M.D.
Psychiatric University Clinic Bonn (Director Prof. Dr. G. Huber)
Search for more papers by this authorArno Deister M.D.
Psychiatric University Clinic Bonn (Director Prof. Dr. G. Huber)
Search for more papers by this authorKaoru Sakamoto
*Psychiatric Clinic of Tokyo Women's Medical College, Tokyo (Director Prof. Dr. S. Shibata)
Search for more papers by this authorAbstract
Abstract: Even in a Schneider-oriented university clinic, the majority of thediagnoses “schizophrenia” are based on non-first-rank symptoms. About one-fifth of the cases diagnosed as having schizophrenia showed nonproductive symptoms such as disturbances of thought, of affect and of behavior. But the nonproductive forms showed a relatively high density of symptoms. Two-thirds of the patients are women, one-third men. Schizophrenia is most frequently diagnosed in the third decade of life. Single people with a low education are more commonly represented. But all this is not valid any longer if we separate schizoaffective psychoses and other atypical psychoses from “pure” schizophrenia.
References
- 1 American Psychiatric Association: Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, Third Edition. Washington , D.C. , APA, p. 190, 1980.
- 2 Ciompi, L. and Miiller, C.: Lebensweg und Alter der Schizophrenen. Springer, Berlin , Heidelberg , New York , p. 31, 1979.
- 3 Gross, G., Huber, G. and Schuttler, R.: Prediction factors and anamnestic, clinical, and social data of Schneiderian schizophrenia. In: A. Marneros and M.T. Tsuang (Eds.), Schizoaffective psychoses. Springer, Berlin , Heidelberg , New York , Tokyo , pp. 179–187, 1986.
- 4
Gross, G.,
Huber, G. and
Armbruster, B.: Schizoaffective psychoses: long-term prognosis and symptomatology. In: A. Marneros and
M.T. Tsuang (Eds.), Schizoaffective psychoses. Springer,
Berlin
,
Heidelberg
,
New York
,
Tokyo
, pp. 188–203, 1986.
10.1007/978-3-642-71443-6_14 Google Scholar
- 5
Huber, G.,
Gross, G. and
Schüttler, R.: Schizophrenic Springer,
Berlin
,
Heidelberg
,
New York
, p. 40, 1979.
10.1007/978-3-642-88138-1_3 Google Scholar
- 6 Koehler, K.: First rank symptoms of schizophrenia: questions concerning clinical boundaries. Br J Psychiatry 134: 236–248, 1979.
- 7 Marneros, A.: Kurt Schneider's “Zwischen-Falle” (“Mid-cases” or “Cases-in-Be-tween”). Psychiatr Clin 16: 87–102, 1983.
- 8 Marneros, A.: Frequency of Schneider's first rank symptoms in schizophrenia. Eur Arch Psychiatr Neurol Sci 234: 78–82, 1984.
- 9 Marneros, A.: Sichern die Symptome ersten Ranges die Diagnose Schizophrenie? Nervenarzt 55: 365–370, 1984.
- 10 Marneros, A.: The pathognomonic value of K. Schneider's first rank symptoms. Psychiatr Fenn 99–105, 1984.
- 11 Marneros, A., Deister, A., Diederich, N. and Rohde, A.: Schizophrenia suspecta. Eur Arch Psychiatr Neurol Sci 234: 207–211, 1984.
- 12
Marneros, A.,
Deister, A. and
Rohde, A.: The Cologne study on schizoaffective disorders and schizophrenia suspecta. In: A. Marneros and
M.T. Tsuang (Eds.), Schizoaffective psychoses. Springer,
Berlin
,
Heidelberg
,
New York
,
Tokyo
, pp. 123–142, 1986a.
10.1007/978-3-642-71443-6_9 Google Scholar
- 13
Marneros, A.,
Rohde, A.,
Deister, A. and
Risse, A.: Features of schizoaffective disorders. In: A. Marneros and
M.T. Tsuang (Eds.), Schizoaffective psychoses. Springer,
Berlin
,
Heidelberg
,
New York
,
Tokyo
, pp. 143–154, 1986b.
10.1007/978-3-642-71443-6_10 Google Scholar
- 14
Marneros, A.,
Rohde, A.,
Deister, A. and
Risse, A.: Schizoaffective psychoses: The prognostic value of the affective component. In: A. Marneros and
M.T. Tsuang (Eds.), Schizoaffective psychoses. Springer,
Berlin
,
Heidelberg
,
New York
,
Tokyo
, pp. 155–163, 1986c.
10.1007/978-3-642-71443-6_11 Google Scholar
- 15
A. Marneros and
M.T. Tsuang (Eds.): Schizoaffective psychoses. Springer-Ver-lag,
Berlin
,
Heidelberg
,
New York
,
Tokyo
, 1986.
10.1007/978-3-642-71443-6 Google Scholar
- 16
Marneros, A. and
Tsuang, M.T.: Schizoaffective disorders: Present level and future perspectives. In: A. Marneros and
M.T. Tsuang (Eds.), Schizoaffective psychoses. Springer,
Berlin
,
Heidelberg
,
New York
,
Tokyo
, pp. 309–318, 1986.
10.1007/978-3-642-71443-6_20 Google Scholar
- 17 Mitsuda, H.: The concept of atypical psychoses–From the aspect of clinical genetics. Acta Psychiat Scand 41: 372–377, 1965.
- 18
Moller, H.J. and
V. Zerssen, D.: Der Verlauf schizophrener Psychosen unter den gegenwärtigen Behandlungsbedingun-gen. Springer,
Berlin
,
Heidelberg
,
New York
,
Tokyo
, 1986.
10.1007/978-3-642-71021-6 Google Scholar
- 19 Schneider, K.: Klinische Psychopathol-ogie, 10. Aufl. Thieme, Stuttgart , 1973.
- 20
Schubart, C.,
Schwarz, R.,
Krumm, B. and
Biehl, H.: Schizophrenic und soziale Anpassung. Springer,
Berlin
,
Heidelberg
,
New York
,
Tokyo
, 1986.
10.1007/978-3-642-82779-2 Google Scholar
- 21 Taylor, M.A.: Schneiderian first-rank symptoms and clinical prognostic features in schizophrenia. Arch Gen Psychiatry 26: 64–67, 1972.
- 22 Wing, G. and Nixon, J.: Discriminating symptoms in schizophrenia. Arch Gen Psychiatry 32: 853–859, 1975.