Full Access
Genetic diversity in mitochondrial 12S rDNA of western Palearctic water frogs (Anura, Ranidae) and implications for their systematics
J. Plötner,
Corresponding Author
J. Plötner
Museum für Naturkunde der Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institut für Systematische Zoologie, Germany
Dr Jörg Plötner, Museum für Naturkunde der Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institut für Systematische Zoologie, Invalidenstraße 43, 10115 Berlin, Germany. E-mail: [email protected]Search for more papers by this authorJ. Plötner,
Corresponding Author
J. Plötner
Museum für Naturkunde der Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institut für Systematische Zoologie, Germany
Dr Jörg Plötner, Museum für Naturkunde der Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institut für Systematische Zoologie, Invalidenstraße 43, 10115 Berlin, Germany. E-mail: [email protected]Search for more papers by this authorAbstract
The nucleotide sequence of a part of the mitochondrial 12S rRNA gene of eight western Palearctic water frog species was analysed. The results are consistent with the species status of Rana bedriagae, Rana bergeri, Rana epeirotica, Rana lessonae, Rana perezi, Rana ridibunda, Rana saharica and Rana shqiperica. The obtained DNA data suggest that lake frogs from Greece and Yugoslavia on the one hand and lake frogs from Georgia, Uzbekistan and Turkmenistan on the other hand represent two distinct species. However, it is not yet clear whether lake frogs from Georgia, Uzbekistan and Turkmenistan belong to R. ridibunda or represent a new species. The very high similarity between the analysed 12S rDNA segments of German R. ridibunda and R. lessonae confirm the finding that mtDNA of R. lessonae was transmitted into the mitochondrial gene pool of R. ridibunda probably as a result of backcrosses with the hybridogenetic hybrid R. kl. esculenta. The results of parsimony analyses speak in favour of very close phylogenetic relations between R. perezi and R. saharica; with a high probability these species represent an adelphotaxon. Furthermore, the clades (R. lessonae + R. shqiperica + R. bergeri) and (R. ridibunda + R. bedriagae) are considered to be sister groups. According to the mt 12S rDNA data R. epeirotica seems to be more closely related to the supraspecific taxon (R. ridibunda + R. bedriagae) than to (R. lessonae + R. shqiperica + R. bergeri). Thus, it can be excluded that R. shqiperica and R. epeirotica represent sister species.
References
- Beerli, P., 1994: Genetic isolation and calibration of an average protein clock in western Palearctic water frogs of the Aegean region. Inaugural-Diss., Zürich.
- Beerli, P.; Hotz, H.; Uzzell, T., 1996: Geologically dated sea barriers calibrate a protein clock for Aegean water frogs. Evolution 50, 1676–1687.
- Berger, L., 1967: Embryonal and larval development of Fl-generation of green frogs different combinations. Acta Zool. Cracoviensia 12, 123–160.
- Berger, L.; 1968: Morphology of Fl-generation of various crosses within Rana esculenta-complex. Acta Zool. Cracoviensia 13, 301–324.
- Blankenhorn, H.; Heusser, H.; Vogel, P., 1971: Drei Phänotypen von Grünfröschen aus dem Rana esculenta-Komplex in der Schweiz. Revue Suisse de Zool. 78, 1242–1247.
- Buckley, D.; Arano, B.; Herrero, P.; Llorente, G. A.; Esteban, M., 1994: Moroccan water frogs vs R. perezi: allozyme studies show up their differences. Zool. Poloniae 39, 377–385.
- Buckley, D.; Arano, B.; Herrero, P.; Llorente, G. A.; Esteban, M., 1996: Population structure of Moroccan water frogs: genetic cohesion despite a fragmented distribution. J. Zool. Syst. Evol. Res. 34, 173–179.
- Busack, S. D., 1986: Biogeographic analysis of the herpetofauna separated by the formation of the strait of Gibraltar. Natl. Geographic Res. 2, 17–36.
- Dubois, A.; Ohler, A., 1994: Frogs of the subgenus Pelophylax (Amphibia, Anura, Genus Rana), a catalogue with comments on name-bearing types, complete synonymies, proposed common names, and maps showing all type localities. Zool. Poloniae 39, 139–204.
- Felsenstein, J., 1985: Confidence limits on phylogenies: an approach using the bootstrap. Evolution 39, 783–791.
- Graf, J. D.; Karch, F.; Moreillon, M. C., 1977: Biochemical variation in the Rana esculenta complex: a new hybrid form related to Rana perezi and Rana ridibunda. Experentia 33, 1582–1584.
- Günther, R., 1969: Untersuchungen zum Artproblem an europäischen Anuren der Gattung Rana (Amphibia). Diss. A., Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin.
- Günther, R., 1973: Über die verwandtschaftlichen Beziehungen zwischen den europäischen Grünfröschen und den Bastardcharakter von Rana esculenta L. (Anura). Zool. Anz. Leipzig 190, 250–285.
- Günther, R., 1990: Die Wasserfrösche Europas. Die Neue Brehm Bücherei. Wittenberg–Lutherstadt: A. Ziemsen Verlag.
- Hemmer, H., 1973: Das Serumeiweißbild von Rana ridibunda perezi im Rahmen des Rana esculenta-lessonae-ridibunda-Komplexes (Salientia, Ranidae). Salamandra 9, 168–172.
- Hotz, H., 1974: Ein Problem aus vielen Fragen-europäische Grünfrösche (Rana esculenta- Komplex) und ihre Verbreitung. Natur u. Museum 104, 262–272.
- Hotz, H., 1983: Genetic diversity among water frog genomes inherited with and without recombination. Diss., Universität Zürich.
- Hotz, H.; Beerli, P.; Spolsky, C., 1992: Mitochondrial DNA reveals formation of nonhybrid frogs by natural matings between hemiclonal hybrids. Mol. Biol. Evol. 9, 610–620.
- Hotz, H.; Uzzell, T., 1982: Biochemical detected sympatry of two water frog species: two different cases in the Adriatic Balkans (Amphibia: Ranidae). Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 134, 50–79.
- Hotz, H.; Hotz, H.; Berger, L., 1997: Linkage groups of protein-coding genes in western Palearctic water frogs reveal extensive evolutionary conservation. Genetics 147, 255–270.
- Hotz, H.; Hotz, H.; Günther, R.; Tunner, H. G.; Heppich, S., 1987: Rana shqiperica, a new European water frog species from the Adriatic Balkans (Amphibia, Salientia, Ranidae). Notulae naturae. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 468, 1–3.
-
Jukes, T. H.; Cantor, C. R., 1969: Evolution of protein molecules. In: H.N. Munro (Ed.), Mammalian Protein Metabolism. New York: Academic Press. pp. 21–132.
10.1016/B978-1-4832-3211-9.50009-7 Google Scholar
- Kocher, T. D.; Thomas, W. K.; Meyer, A.; Edwards, S. V.; Pääbo, S.; Villablanca, F. X.; Wilson, A. C., 1989: Dynamics of mitochondrial DNA evolution in animals: amplification and sequencing with conserved primers. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 86, 6196–6200.
- Konrad, A.; Bachmann, K.; Hemmer, H., 1980: Erythrozytenkern-DNA-Bestimmungen bei Rana perezi im Rahmen des paläarktischen Grünfroschkomplexes (Amphibia, Anura, Ranidae). Salamandra 16, 57–59.
- Kumar, S.; Tamura, K.; Nei, M., 1993: MEGA: Molecular evolutionary genetics analysis, version 1.0. The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA.
- Mezhzherin, S. V.; Peskov, V. N., 1992: Biochemical variability and genetic differentiation of populations of the marsh frog Rana ridibunda Pall. Tsitologiya i Genetika 26, 43–48.
- Monnerot, M.; Dubois, A.; Tunner, H., 1985: Mitochondrial DNA polymorphism among Rana ridibunda, Rana lessonae and Rana kl. esculenta: preliminary study. Alytes 4, 101–112.
- Monnerot, M.; Mounolou, J.-C.; Solignac, M., 1984: Intra-individual length heterogeneity of Rana esculenta mitochondrial DNA. Biol. Cell 52, 213–218.
- Nagae, Y.; Fujii, H.; Yoneyama, Y.; Goto, Y.; Okazaki, T., 1988: Nucleotide sequence of the Rana catesbeiana mitochondrial small (12S) and large (16S) ribosomal RNA genes. Nucl. Acids Res. 16, 10363.
- Nei, M., 1991: Relative efficiencies of different tree-making methods for molecular data. In: M.M. Miyamoto; J. Cracraft (Eds), Phylogenetic Analysis of DNA Sequences. New York, Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. 90–128.
- Plötner, J., 1990: Populationsgenetische Untersuchungen an europäischen Wasserfröschen (Anura, Ranidae) aus verschiedenen Populationssystemen. Diss. A, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin.
- Prüser, F., 1996: Variabilität mitochondrialer DNA-Sequenzen und die Phylogenie der Gattung Carabus Linne, 1758 (Coleoptera: Carabidae). Diss., Universität Bremen.
- Saitou, N.; Nei, M., 1987: The neighbor-joining method: a new method for reconstructing phylogenetic trees. Mol. Biol. Evol. 4, 406–425.
- Schneider, H.; Joermann, G., 1988: Mating calls of water frogs (Ranidae) from lake Skutari, Yugoslavia, and the relationship to water frogs of other regions. Z. zool. Syst. Evol.-forsch. 26, 261–275.
- Schneider, H.; Joermann, G.; Sofianidou, T. S., 1993: The water frogs of Greece. Bioacoustic evidence for a new species. Z. zool. Syst. Evol.-forsch. 31, 47–63.
- Sinsch, U.; Eblenkamp, B., 1994: Allozyme variation among Rana balcanica, R. levantina and R. ridibunda (Amphibia: Anura): genetic differentiation corroborates the bioacoustically detected species status. Z. zool. Syst. Evol.-forsch. 32, 35–43.
- Sinsch, U.; Schneider, H., 1996: Bioacoustic assessment of the taxonomic status of pool frog populations (Rana lessonae) with reference to a topo-typical population. J. Zool. Syst. Evol. Res. 34, 63–73.
- Sokal, R. R.; Rohlf, F. J., 1981: Taxonomic congruence in the Leptopodomorpha re-examined. Syst. Zool. 30, 309–325.
- Spolsky, C.; Uzzell, T., 1984: Natural interspecies transfer of mitochondrial DNA in amphibians. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 81, 5802–5805.
- Spolsky, C.; Uzzell, T., 1986: Evolutionary history of the hybridogenetic hybrid frog Rana esculenta as deduced from mtDNA analyses. Mol. Biol. Evol. 3, 44–56.
- Steinwarz, D.; Schneider, H., 1991: Distribution and bioacoustics of Rana perezi Seoane, 1885 (Amphibia, Anura, Ranidae) in Tunisia. Bonn. zool. Beitr. 42, 283–297.
- Swafford, D. L., 1993: PAUP: Phylogenetic analysis using parsimony. Version 3.1.1. Champaign, Illinois: Illinois Natural History Survey.
- Swafford, D. L.; Olsen, G. J., 1990: Phylogeny reconstruction: In: D.M. Hillis; C. Moritz (Eds), 1990: Molecular Systematics. Sunderland, Massachusetts: Sinauer Associated. pp. 411–501.
- Tunner, H. G.; Uzzell, T., 1974: Das Serumalbumin bei Rana ridibunda perezi (Salientia, Ranidae). Salamandra 10, 137–139.
- Uzzell, T., 1979: Immunological variation in Rana lessonae (Amphibia, Salientia). Mitt. Zool. Mus. Berlin 55, 29–33.
- Uzzell, T., 1982a: Introgression and stabilisation in western Palearctic species of water frogs. In: D. Mossakowski; G. Roth (Eds), Environmental Adaptation and Evolution. Stuttgart, New York: Gustav Fischer Verlag, pp. 275–295.
-
Uzzell, T., 1982b: Immunological relationship of western Palearctic water frogs (Salientia: Ranidae).
Amphibia-Reptilia
3, 135–143.
10.1163/156853882X00365 Google Scholar
- Uzzell, T., 1983: An immunological survey of Italian water frogs (Salientia: Ranidae). Herpetologica 39, 225–234.
- Uzzell, T.; Hotz, H., 1979: Electrophoretic and morphological evidence for two forms of green frogs (Rana esculenta complex) in peninsular Italy (Amphibia, Salientia). Mitt. Zool. Mus. Berlin 55, 13–27.
- Uzzell, T.; Tunner, H. G., 1983: An immunological analysis of Spanish and French water frogs. J. Herpetol. 17, 320–326.
