A red palm oil diet can reduce the effects of oxidative stress on rat spermatozoa
Y. G. Aboua
Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Wellness Sciences, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Bellville, South Africa
Search for more papers by this authorN. Brooks
Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Wellness Sciences, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Bellville, South Africa
Search for more papers by this authorR. Z. Mahfouz
Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
Search for more papers by this authorA. Agarwal
Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
Search for more papers by this authorS. S. du Plessis
Division of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, South Africa
Search for more papers by this authorY. G. Aboua
Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Wellness Sciences, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Bellville, South Africa
Search for more papers by this authorN. Brooks
Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Wellness Sciences, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Bellville, South Africa
Search for more papers by this authorR. Z. Mahfouz
Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
Search for more papers by this authorA. Agarwal
Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
Search for more papers by this authorS. S. du Plessis
Division of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, South Africa
Search for more papers by this authorSummary
Male Wistar rats (n = 54) received daily supplementation of red palm oil (RPO: 0, 2, 4 ml). Subgroups were subsequently injected with saline, cumene hydroperoxide (cHP, 10 μm) or t-butyl hydroperoxide (tbHP, 20 μm) over a 60-day period after which animals were sacrificed. Epididymal sperm motility, concentration, reactive oxygen species (ROS), lipid peroxidation and enzymes were measured. Sperm concentration, motility, superoxide dismutase (SOD) concentration, glutathione (GSH) and catalase (CAT) activities were significantly lower, while dichlorofluorescein (DCF) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were higher in sperm of hydroperoxide-treated animals compared to controls (P < 0.05). DCF and MDA levels were significantly lower, while SOD, CAT and GSH were significantly higher in the sperm of rats supplemented with RPO in combination with hydroperoxide treatment when compared to those receiving hydroperoxide and no RPO supplementation (P < 0.05). Moreover, the DCF, SOD, CAT and GSH levels in the RPO hydroperoxide groups did not differ from control values (P > 0.05). RPO supplementation can successfully attenuate the oxidative stress-induced sperm damage due to organic hydroperoxide exposure. We therefore propose that a daily intake of RPO supplement to the diet might be helpful in protecting males against the adverse effects of high ROS in sperm function and help preserve fertility.
References
- Aboua YG, du Plessis SS, Brooks N (2009) Impact of organic hydroperoxides on rat testicular tissue and epididymal sperm. Afr J Biotechnol 8: 6416–6424.
- Agarwal A, Saleh RA, Bedaiwy MA (2003) Role of reactive oxygen species in the pathophysiology of human reproduction. Fertil Steril 79: 829–843.
- Agarwal A, Prabakaran S, Allamaneni S (2006) What an andrologist/urologist should know about free radicals and why. Urology 67: 2–8.
- Aitken RJ, Buckingham DW, West KM (1992) Reactive oxygen species and human spermatozoa: analysis of the cellular mechanisms involved in luminol- and lucigenin-dependent chemiluminescence. J Cell Physiol 151: 466–477.
- Alais C, Linden G (1991) Biochimie Alimentaire, 2nd edn. Mason, Paris. pp. 24.
- Armstrong JS, Rajasekaran M, Chamulitrat W, Gatti P, Hellstrom WJ, Sikka SC (1999) Characterization of reactive oxygen species induced effects on human spermatozoa movement and energy metabolism. Free Radic Biol Med 26: 869–880.
- Aruoma OI (1999) Antioxidant actions of plant foods: use of oxidative DNA damage as a tool for studying antioxidant efficacy. Free Radic Res 30: 419–427.
- Bilodeau JF, Blanchette S, Cormier N, Sirard MA (2002) Reactive oxygen species-mediated loss of bovine sperm motility in egg yolk Tris extender: protection by pyruvate, metal chelators and bovine liver or oviductal fluid catalase. Theriogenology 57: 1105–1122.
- Chen HW, Chiang T, Wang CY, Lii CK (2000) Inhibition of tert-butyl hydroperoxide-induced cell membrane bleb formation by alpha-tocopherol and glutathione. Food Chem Toxicol 38: 1089–1096.
- de Lamirande E, Gagnon C (1992) Reactive oxygen species and human spermatozoa. II. Depletion of adenosine triphosphate plays an important role in the inhibition of sperm motility. J Androl 13: 379–386.
- Devasagayam TP, Tilak JC, Boloor KK, Sane KS, Ghaskadbi SS, Lele RD (2004) Free radicals and antioxidants in human health: current status and future prospects. J Assoc Phys India 52: 794–804.
- Draper HH, Squires EJ, Mahmoodi H, Wu J, Agarwal S, Hadley M (1993) A comparative evaluation of thiobarbituric acid methods for the determination of malondialdehyde in biological materials. Free Radic Biol Med 15: 353–363.
- Driver AS, Kodavanti PR, Mundy WR (2000) Age-related changes in reactive oxygen species production in rat brain homogenates. Neurotoxicol Teratol 22: 175–181.
- Everett SA, Dennis MF, Patel KB, Maddix S, Kundu SC, Willson RL (1996) Scavenging of nitrogen dioxide, thiyl, and sulfonyl free radicals by the nutritional antioxidant beta-carotene. J Biol Chem 271: 3988–3994.
- Fang YZ, Yang S, Wu G (2002) Free radicals, antioxidants, and nutrition. Nutrition 18: 872–879.
- Gavella M, Lipovac V (1992) NADH-dependent oxidoreductase (diaphorase) activity and isozyme pattern of sperm in infertile men. Arch Androl 28: 135–141.
- Griveau JF, Dumont E, Renard P, Callegari JP, Le Lannou D (1995) Reactive oxygen species, lipid peroxidation and enzymatic defence systems in human spermatozoa. J Reprod Fertil 103: 17–26.
- Gupta NP, Kumar R (2002) Lycopene therapy in idiopathic male infertility – a preliminary report. Int Urol Nephrol 34: 369–372.
- Holstein AF, Schulze W, Davidoff M (2003) Understanding spermatogenesis is a prerequisite for treatment. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 1: 107.
- Hwang JM, Wang CJ, Chou FP, Tseng TH, Hsieh YS, Lin WL, Chu CY (2002) Inhibitory effect of berberine on tert-butyl hydroperoxide-induced oxidative damage in rat liver. Arch Toxicol 76: 664–670.
- Irvine DS, Twigg JP, Gordon EL, Fulton N, Milne PA, Aitken RJ (2000) DNA integrity in human spermatozoa: relationships with semen quality. J Androl 21: 33–44.
- Isong EU, Ebong PE, Ifon ET, Umoh IB, Eka OU (1997) Thermoxidized palm oil induces reproductive toxicity in healthy and malnourished rats. Plant Foods Hum Nutr 51: 159–166.
- Jung MY, Min DB (1990) Effects of α-, γ-, and δ-tocopherols on oxidative stability of soybean oil. J Food Sci 55: 1464–1465.
- Kamal-Eldin A, Appelqvist LA (1996) The chemistry and antioxidant properties of tocopherols and tocotrienols. Lipids 31: 671–701.
- Kaur G, Tirkey N, Bharrhan S, Chanana V, Rishi P, Chopra K (2006a) Inhibition of oxidative stress and cytokine activity by curcumin in amelioration of endotoxin-induced experimental hepatoxicity in rodents. Clin Exp Immunol 145: 313–321.
- Kaur P, Kaur G, Bansal MP (2006b) Tertiary-butyl hydroperoxide induced oxidative stress and male reproductive activity in mice: role of transcription factor NF-kappaB and testicular antioxidant enzymes. Reprod Toxicol 22: 479–484.
- Krishnamoorthy G, Venkataraman P, Arunkumar A, Vignesh RC, Aruldhas MM, Arunakaran J (2007) Ameliorative effect of vitamins (alpha-tocopherol and ascorbic acid) on PCB (Aroclor 1254) induced oxidative stress in rat epididymal sperm. Reprod Toxicol 23: 239–245.
- Kumar TR, Muralidhara (2007) Induction of oxidative stress by organic hydroperoxides in testis and epididymal sperm of rats in vivo. J Androl 28: 77–85.
- Kumar A, Vajpayee P, Ali MB, Tripathi RD, Singh N, Rai UN, Singh SN (2002) Biochemical responses of Cassia siamea Lamk. grown on coal combustion residue (fly-ash). Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 68: 675–683.
- Lenzi A, Lombardo F, Gandini L, Alfano P, Dondero F (1993) Computer assisted sperm motility analysis at the moment of induced pregnancy during gonadotropin treatment for hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. J Endocrinol Invest 16: 683–686.
- McArdle HJ, Ashworth CJ (1999) Micronutrients in fetal growth and development. Br Med Bull 55: 499–510.
- Moustafa MH, Sharma RK, Thornton J, Mascha E, Abdel-Hafez MA, Thomas AJ Jr, Agarwal A (2004) Relationship between ROS production, apoptosis and DNA denaturation in spermatozoa from patients examined for infertility. Hum Reprod 19: 129–138.
- Ong CN, Shen HM, Chia SE (2002) Biomarkers for male reproductive health hazards: are they available?Toxicol Lett 134: 17–30.
- Record IR, Dreosti IE, McInerney JK (2001) Changes in plasma antioxidant status following consumption of diets high or low in fruit and vegetables or following dietary supplementation with an antioxidant mixture. Br J Nutr 85: 459–464.
- van Rooyen J, Esterhuyse AJ, Engelbrecht AM, du Toit EF (2008) Health benefits of a natural carotenoid rich oil: a proposed mechanism of protection against ischaemia/reperfusion injury. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr 17(Suppl 1): 316–319.
- Sestili P, Guidarelli A, Dacha M, Cantoni O (1998) Quercetin prevents DNA single strand breakage and cytotoxicity caused by tert-butylhydroperoxide: free radical scavenging versus iron chelating mechanism. Free Radic Biol Med 25: 196–200.
- Sikka SC, Rajasekaran M, Hellstrom WJ (1995) Role of oxidative stress and antioxidants in male infertility. J Androl 16: 464–468.
- Sundram K, Sambanthamurthi R, Tan YA (2003) Palm fruit chemistry and nutrition. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr 12: 355–362.
- Vernet P, Fulton N, Wallace C, Aitken RJ (2001) Analysis of reactive oxygen species generating systems in rat epididymal spermatozoa. Biol Reprod 65: 1102–1113.
- Weisburger JH (1991) Nutritional approach to cancer prevention with emphasis on vitamins, antioxidants, and carotenoids. Am J Clin Nutr 53: 226S–237S.
- WHO (1999) WHO Laboratory Manual for the Examination of Human Semen and Sperm-Cervical Mucus Interaction. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
- Younes M, Strubelt O (1990) The role of iron and glutathione in t-butyl hydroperoxide-induced damage towards isolated perfused rat livers. J Appl Toxicol 10: 319–324.
- Zhou M, Diwu Z, Panchuk-Voloshina N, Haugland RP (1997) A stable nonfluorescent derivative of resorufin for the fluorometric determination of trace hydrogen peroxide: applications in detecting the activity of phagocyte NADPH oxidase and other oxidases. Anal Biochem 253: 162–168.
