Consumer perspectives about weight management services in a community pharmacy setting in NSW, Australia
Irene S. Um BPharm Hons
Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Sydney, NSW
Search for more papers by this authorCarol Armour PhD
Professor of Pharmacology, Associate Dean and Career Development, Northern Clinical School and Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, NSW
Search for more papers by this authorInes Krass PhD
Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Sydney, NSW
Search for more papers by this authorTimothy Gill PhD
Associate Professor & Principal Research Fellow, Boden Institute of Obesity, Nutrition, Exercise and Eating Disorders, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, NSW, Australia
Search for more papers by this authorBetty B. Chaar PhD
Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Sydney, NSW
Search for more papers by this authorIrene S. Um BPharm Hons
Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Sydney, NSW
Search for more papers by this authorCarol Armour PhD
Professor of Pharmacology, Associate Dean and Career Development, Northern Clinical School and Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, NSW
Search for more papers by this authorInes Krass PhD
Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Sydney, NSW
Search for more papers by this authorTimothy Gill PhD
Associate Professor & Principal Research Fellow, Boden Institute of Obesity, Nutrition, Exercise and Eating Disorders, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, NSW, Australia
Search for more papers by this authorBetty B. Chaar PhD
Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Sydney, NSW
Search for more papers by this authorAbstract
Background Obesity is a public health challenge faced worldwide. Community pharmacists may be well placed to manage Australia’s obesity problem owing to their training, accessibility and trustworthiness. However, determining consumers’ needs is vital to the development of any new services or the evaluation of existing services.
Objective To explore Australian consumers’ perspectives regarding weight management services in the community pharmacy setting, including their past experiences and willingness to pay for a specific pharmacy-based service.
Design An online cross-sectional consumer survey was distributed through a marketing research company. The survey instrument comprised open-ended and closed questions exploring consumers’ experiences of and preferences for weight management services in pharmacy. It also included an attitudinal measure, the Consumer Attitude to Pharmacy Weight Management Services (CAPWMS) scale.
Setting and participants A total of 403 consumers from New South Wales, Australia, completed the survey.
Results The majority of respondents had previously not sought a pharmacist’s advice regarding weight management. Those who had previously consulted a pharmacist were more willing to pay for and support pharmacy-based services in the future. Most consumers considered pharmacists’ motivations to provide advice related to gaining profit from selling a product and expressed concerns about the perceived conflicts of interest. Participants also perceived pharmacists as lacking expertise and time.
Conclusion Although Australian consumers were willing to seek pharmacists’ advice about weight management, they perceived several barriers to the provision of weight management services in community pharmacy. If barriers are addressed, community pharmacies could be a viable and accessible setting to manage obesity.
References
- 1 Obesity and Overweight Fact Sheet No 311 . World Health Organization; Available at: http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs311/en/index.html, accessed 27 June 2011 .
- 2 Australia: The Healthiest Country by 2020. Technical Report No 1: Obesity in Australia: A Need for Urgent Action. Prepared for the National Preventative Health Taskforce by the Obesity Working Group . Barton, ACT : Commonwealth of Australia , 2008 Available at: http://www.health.gov.au/internet/preventativehealth/publishing.nsf/Content/E233F8695823F16CCA2574DD00818E64/$File/obesity-jul09.pdf, accessed 21 July 2011 .
- 3 National Health Survey Summary of Results 4364.0 2007-08 . Canberra, ACT : Australian Bureau of Statistics , 2009 Available at: http://www.abs.gov.au/ausstats/[email protected]/mf/4364.0/, accessed 21 July 2011 .
- 4 Australia: The Healthiest Country by 2020: a Discussion Paper. Prepared by the National Preventative Health Taskforce . Barton, ACT : Commonwealth of Australia , 2008 Available at: http://www.health.gov.au/internet/preventativehealth/publishing.nsf/Content/A06C2FCF439ECDA1CA2574DD0081E40C/$File/discussion-28oct.pdf, accessed 21 July 2011 .
- 5 Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Management of Overweight and Obesity in Adults. Prepared by the National Health & Medical Research Council . Canberra, ACT : Commonwealth of Australia , 2003 Available at: http://www.health.gov.au/internet/main/publishing.nsf/Content/7AF116AFD4E2EE3DCA256F190003B91D/$File/adults.pdf, accessed 21 July 2011 .
- 6 PSA Position Statement on Pharmacist Involvement in Preventative Health Care Services. Prepared by the Policy Unit PSA National Office . Pharmaceutical Society of Australia , 2009 Available at: http://www.psa.org.au/site.php?id=4183, accessed 21 July 2011 .
- 7AndersonC . Health promotion in community pharmacy: the UK situation . Patient Education and Counseling , 2000 ; 39 : 285 – 291 .
- 8BenrimojS , FrommerM . Community pharmacy in Australia . Australian Health Review , 2004 ; 28 : 238 – 246 .
- 9BerbatisCG , SunderlandVB , JoyceA , BulsaraM , MillsC . Enhanced pharmacy services, barriers and facilitators in Australia’s community pharmacies: Australia’s National Pharmacy Database Project . International Journal of Pharmacy Practice , 2007 ; 15 : 185 – 191 .
10.1211/ijpp.15.3.0005 Google Scholar
- 10UmISI , ArmourC , KrassI , GillT , ChaarBB . Managing obesity in pharmacy: the Australian experience . Pharmacy World & Science , 2010 ; 32 : 711 – 720 .
- 11AllgeierR . Enhanced Pharmacy Service Assessment: Weight Management . Wales : National Public Health Service for Wales , 2009 ; Available at: http://www2.nphs.wales.nhs.uk:8080/pharmaceuticalphtdocs.nsf/%28$All%29/3E325A4C36D5DE1980257669004F059A/$File/EPSA%20WtMgt_HB_Final.pdf?OpenElement, accessed 21 July 2011 .
- 12LloydKB , ThrowerMR , WaltersNB , KruegerKP , StammPL , EvansRL . Implementation of a weight management pharmaceutical care service . The Annals of Pharmacotherapy , 2007 ; 41 : 185 – 192 .
- 13 Parliament of Australia House of Representatives Standing Committee on Health and Ageing . Inquiry into Obesity in Australia. Submission No. 82. Submission by the Pharmaceutical Society of Australia . Curtin, ACT : Pharmaceutical Society of Australia ; 2008 Available at: http://www.aph.gov.au/house/committee/haa/obesity/subs/sub082.pdf, accessed 21 July 2011 .
- 14RieckA , CliffordR , EverettA . Community Pharmacy Weight Management Project. Stages One and Two . Perth : The University of Western Australia ; 2005 Available at: http://www.guild.org.au/iwov-resources/documents/The_Guild/PDFs/CPA%20and%20Programs/3CPA%20General/2005-522/2006-05-29%20CPWMP%20Final.pdf, accessed 21 July 2011 .
- 15 Weighing it Up: Obesity in Australia . Prepared by the House of Representatives Standing Committee on Health and Ageing . Canberra, ACT : Commonwealth of Australia ; 2009 Available at: http://www.aph.gov.au/house/committee/haa/obesity/report/fullreport.pdf, accessed 21 July 2011 .
- 16 Practice guidance: obesity. Prepared by the practice division of the royal pharmaceutical society of Great Britain . revised 2005 Available at: http://www.rpharms.com/support-pdfs/rps-practice-guidance-obesity.pdf, accessed 21 July 2011 .
- 17BurrellS , Cameron-SmithD , McGriceM , O’NeillM , StantonR . Losing weight on a ‘program’ in Choice . 2009 Available at: http://www.susieburrell.com.au/Articles/PharmacyDiet.pdf, accessed 21 July 2011 .
- 18CoggansN , JohnsonI , MckellarS , GrantL , ParrP . Health Promotion in Community Pharmacy: Perceptions and Expectations of Consumers and Health Professionals . Glasgow : Department of Pharmaceutical Studies, University of Strathclyde , 2000 Available at: http://www.healthscotland.com/documents/browse/403/0.aspx, accessed 21 July 2011 .
- 19AndersonC , BlenkinsoppA , ArmstrongM . Feedback from community pharmacy users on the contribution of community pharmacy to improving the public’s health: a systematic review of the peer reviewed and non-peer reviewed literature 1990–2002 . Health Expectations , 2004 ; 7 : 191 – 202 .
- 20KrskaJ , LoveladyC , ConnollyD , ParmarS , DaviesMJ . Community pharmacy contribution to weight management: identifying opportunities . International Journal of Pharmacy Practice , 2010 ; 18 : 7 – 12 .
- 21GhalamkariH , ReesJ , Saltrese-TaylorA . Evaluation of a pilot health promotion project in pharmacies: (3) Client’s further opinions and actions taken after receiving health promotion advice . Pharmaceutical Journal , 1997 ; 258 : 909 – 913 .
- 22NewlandsRS , WatsonMC , LeeAJ . The provision of current and future Healthy Weight Management (HWM) services from community pharmacies: a survey of community pharmacists’ attitudes, practice and future possibilities . International Journal of Pharmacy Practice , 2011 ; 19 : 106 – 114 .
- 23VohraS . Summary – Evaluation of NHS Central Lancashire’s Pilot Pharmacy Weight Management Service . School of Pharmacy, University of Central Lancashire ; 2010 Available at: http://www.gmphnetwork.org.uk/writedir/0955Summary%20of%20CLPCT%20Pharmacy%20Weight%20Managment%20Evaluation.pdf, accessed 21 July 2011 .
- 24OffordL . Lifeweight’s just like losing weight: stick to the program . Australian Journal of Pharmacy , 2006 ; 87 : 30 – 33 .
- 25 Population by Age and Sex, Regions of Australia 3235.0 2010 . Canberra, ACT : Australian Bureau of Statistics , 2011 Available at http://www.abs.gov.au/Ausstats/[email protected]/mf/3235, accessed 21 July 2011 .
- 26KrskaJ , MorecroftCW . Views of the general public on the role of pharmacy in public health . Journal of Pharmaceutical Health Services Research , 2010 ; 1 : 33 – 38 .
10.1211/jphsr.01.01.0013 Google Scholar
- 27BlenkinsoppA , AndersonC , ArmstrongM . Community pharmacy’s contribution to improving the public’s health: the case of weight management . International Journal of Pharmacy Practice , 2008 ; 16 : 123 – 125 .
10.1211/ijpp.16.3.0001 Google Scholar
- 28O’DonnellDC , BrownCM , DastaniHB . Barriers to Counseling Patients with Obesity . Journal of the American Pharmacists Association , 2006 ; 46 : 465 – 471 .
- 29MaloneM , Alger-MayerS , AndersonD . The lifestyle challenge program: a multidisciplinary approach to weight management . The Annals of Pharmacotherapy , 2005 ; 39 : 2015 – 2020 .
- 30TanD , ZwarNA , DennisSM , VagholkarS . Weight management in general practice: what do patients want?Medical Journal of Australia , 2006 ; 185 : 73 – 75 .
- 31KellowN . Evaluation of a rural community pharmacy-based waist management project: bringing the program to the people . Australian Journal of Primary Health , 2011 ; 17 : 16 – 22 .
- 32GordonJ , WatsonM , AvenellA . Lightening the load? A systematic review of community pharmacy-based weight management interventionsObesity Reviews , 2011 ; 12 : 897 – 911 .