Pharmacokinetic study of dipyrone metabolite 4-MAA in the horse and possible implications for doping control
ANA-MARIA KLAUS
Institut für Pharmakologie, Toxikologie und Pharmazie, Tierärztliche Hochschule Hannover, Bünteweg 17, 30559 Hannover, Germany.
Search for more papers by this authorY. SCHLINGLOFF
Institut für Pharmakologie, Toxikologie und Pharmazie, Tierärztliche Hochschule Hannover, Bünteweg 17, 30559 Hannover, Germany.
Search for more papers by this authorU. KLEINITZ
Labor Dr Kramer und Partner, Lauenburger Straβe 65-67, 21502 Geesthacht, Germany
Search for more papers by this authorM. BÖTTCHER
Labor Dr Kramer und Partner, Lauenburger Straβe 65-67, 21502 Geesthacht, Germany
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
H.-J. HAPKE
Institut für Pharmakologie, Toxikologie und Pharmazie, Tierärztliche Hochschule Hannover, Bünteweg 17, 30559 Hannover, Germany.
H.-J. Hapke, Institut für Pharmakologie, Toxikologie und Pharmazie, Tierärztliche Hochschule Hannover, Bünteweg 17, 30559 Hannover, Germany.Search for more papers by this authorANA-MARIA KLAUS
Institut für Pharmakologie, Toxikologie und Pharmazie, Tierärztliche Hochschule Hannover, Bünteweg 17, 30559 Hannover, Germany.
Search for more papers by this authorY. SCHLINGLOFF
Institut für Pharmakologie, Toxikologie und Pharmazie, Tierärztliche Hochschule Hannover, Bünteweg 17, 30559 Hannover, Germany.
Search for more papers by this authorU. KLEINITZ
Labor Dr Kramer und Partner, Lauenburger Straβe 65-67, 21502 Geesthacht, Germany
Search for more papers by this authorM. BÖTTCHER
Labor Dr Kramer und Partner, Lauenburger Straβe 65-67, 21502 Geesthacht, Germany
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
H.-J. HAPKE
Institut für Pharmakologie, Toxikologie und Pharmazie, Tierärztliche Hochschule Hannover, Bünteweg 17, 30559 Hannover, Germany.
H.-J. Hapke, Institut für Pharmakologie, Toxikologie und Pharmazie, Tierärztliche Hochschule Hannover, Bünteweg 17, 30559 Hannover, Germany.Search for more papers by this authorAbstract
The pharmacokinetic behaviour of dipyrone metabolite 4-MAA in serum was determined in seven horses of different breeds after a single intravenous dose administration. A biexponential formula was fitted to the serum concentration vs. time data. The median half-life of the elimination phase (t1/2β) was 4.85 h (range 5.04 h), the median volume of distribution (Vdarea) was 1.85 L/kg (range 3.2 L/kg) and median of total clearance was 4.0 mL/min/kg (range 2.3 mL/min/kg).
References
- Barragry, T. B. (1994) Drug therapy of equine colic. In Veterinary drug therapy. ed. T. B. Barragry pp. 401–428. Lea and Febiger, Philadelphia .
- Bierhaus, G. M. (1970) Modern medicine and testing. In Proceedings of the 16th Annual Convention American Association of Equine Practitioners, 99–202. Montreal, Quebec .
- Booth, N. H. (1988) Nonnarcotic analgesics. In Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics. Eds N. H. Booth & L. E. pp. 329–362. McDonald Iowa State University Press, Ames .
- Damm D. (1989) Simultaneous determination of the main metabolites of dipyrone by high-pressure liquid chromatography. Drug Research, 39, 1415–1417.
- Dyke, T. (1993) Pharmacokinetic values of drugs frequently used in performance horses. Veterinary Clinics of North America: Equine practice, 9, 481–491.
- Hoofs, E. M. E. M. & Breukink, H. J. (1995) Handout of the meeting of the Vakgroep Inwendige Ziekten en Voeding der Grotte Huisdieren: Dopingproblematiek bij sportpaarden, p. 52, 21 December 1995, Utrecht.
- Klaus, A.-M. & Hapke, H.-J. (1994) Problems of doping in horse racing-Pharmacokinetics of selected antiphlogistics/analgetics with doping effects. Deutsche tierärztliche Wochenschrift, 101, 331–338.
- Koch, H. P. & Ritschel, W. A. (1986) Synopsis der Biopharmazie und Pharmakokinetik. pp. 305–310. Ecomed Verlagsgesellschaft, Landsberg, Germany .
- Kolb, M., Bahr, A., Hippich, S. & Schulz, W. (1993) Calculation of detection limit and determination limit according to DIN 32645 with the aid of a computer program. Acta hydrochimica hydrobiologica, 26, 308–311.
- Löscher, W. (1993) Pharmaka mit Wirkung auf das Zentralnervensystem. In Grundlagen der Pharmakotherapie bei Haus-und Nutztieren. Eds W. Löscher, F. R. Ungemach & R. Kroker pp. 105–106. Verlag Paul Parey, Berlin und Hamburg .
- Nebe, H. (1993) Initial treatment of equine colic with the spasmolytic preparation ‘Buscopan' and the analgesic metamizole. An open, controlled field trial. Doctorate Thesis, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Giessen, Germany.
- Race Track Division Schedule of Drugs (1991), Agriculture Canada (Race Track Division), Agriculture Canada, Ottawa, p. 25.
- Roelvink, M. E. J., Goossens, L., Kalsbeek, H. C. & Wensing, Th. (1991) Analgesic and spasmolytic effects of dipyrone, hyoscine-N-butylbromide and a combination of the two in ponies. Veterinary Record, 129, 378–380.
- Sams, R. (1992) Pharmacokinetics and urine to plasma drug concentration relationships in horses. In Proceedings of the 9th International Conference of Racing Analysts and Veterinarians, New Orleans, Vol. II. Eds Short, C. R., Swenson, N. & Rigby, S. 179–199.
- Tobin, T. & Woods, T. (1989) The effects of drugs on race horse performance. In Proceedings of the Annual Convention of the American Association of Equine Practitioners, 34, pp. 639–650. Ed. Milne, F. J. San Diego, California.
- Wintzer, H.-J. & Jaksch, W. (1986) Digestive diseases. In Equine diseases. ed. H.-J. Wintzer, pp. 118–119. Verlag Paul Parey. Berlin and Hamburg .
- Zylber-Katz, E., Granit, L., Stessman, J. & Levy, M. (1989) Effect of age on the pharmacokinetics of dipyrone. European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, 36, 513–516.
Citing Literature
