Fluconazole in cats: Pharmacokinetics following intravenous and oral administration and penetration into cerebrospinal fluid, aqueous humour and pulmonary epithelial lining fluid
Corresponding Author
S. L. VADEN
Department of Companion Animal and Special Species Medicine and the
S.L. Vaden, Department of Companion Animal and Special Species Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, 4700 Hillsborough St, Raleigh, NC 27606, USA.Search for more papers by this authorM. C. HEIT
Biopharmacy Section, Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wyeth-Ayerst Research, Rouses Point NY, 12979, USA
Search for more papers by this authorE. C. HAWKINS
Department of Companion Animal and Special Species Medicine and the
Search for more papers by this authorC. MANAUGH
Department of Companion Animal and Special Species Medicine and the
Search for more papers by this authorJ. E. RIVIERE
Cutaneous Pharmacology and Toxicology Center, Department of Anatomy, Physiological Sciences and Radiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27606
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
S. L. VADEN
Department of Companion Animal and Special Species Medicine and the
S.L. Vaden, Department of Companion Animal and Special Species Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, 4700 Hillsborough St, Raleigh, NC 27606, USA.Search for more papers by this authorM. C. HEIT
Biopharmacy Section, Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wyeth-Ayerst Research, Rouses Point NY, 12979, USA
Search for more papers by this authorE. C. HAWKINS
Department of Companion Animal and Special Species Medicine and the
Search for more papers by this authorC. MANAUGH
Department of Companion Animal and Special Species Medicine and the
Search for more papers by this authorJ. E. RIVIERE
Cutaneous Pharmacology and Toxicology Center, Department of Anatomy, Physiological Sciences and Radiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27606
Search for more papers by this authorAbstract
The pharmacokinetics of fluconazole following intravenous (i.v.) and oral (p.o.) administration and the penetration of fluconazole into cerebrospinal fluid, aqueous humour and epithelial lining fluid (ELF) of the lungs were evaluated in adult male cats. Pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated from serum concentration-time data obtained following i.v. and p.o. administration of 50 mg per cat using a cross-over study design. Fluconazole concentrations were measured using a high-performance liquid chromatography assay. Mean total body clearance of fluconazole was 37.7 mL/h.kg, mean volume of distribution at steady state was 1.14 L/kg, mean residence time was 31.0 h and mean half-life of elimination was 25 h as derived by non-compartmental analysis of data. Absorption was complete. Mean ratios of fluid:serum fluconazole concentrations following administration of 50 mg fluconazole per day for 8 days were as follows: cerebrospinal fluid, 0.88; aqueous humour 0.79; ELF, 1.20. Fluconazole concentrations in cerebrospinal fluid, aqueous humour and ELF exceeded reported minimum inhibitory concentrations of fluconazole for pathogenic fungi. Results of this study suggest fluconazole can effectively be administered to cats at 50 mg per cat per day.
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