Role of induced negative and positive emotions in sensitivity to itch and pain in women
A.I.M. van Laarhoven
Departments of Medical Psychology, 2 Pain and Nociception Neuroscience Research Group, Department of Anaesthesiology, Pain and Palliative Medicine
Search for more papers by this authorA.L. Walker
Departments of Medical Psychology, 2 Pain and Nociception Neuroscience Research Group, Department of Anaesthesiology, Pain and Palliative Medicine
Search for more papers by this authorO.H. Wilder-Smith
Pain and Nociception Neuroscience Research Group, Department of Anaesthesiology, Pain and Palliative Medicine, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
Search for more papers by this authorS. Kroeze
Department of Social Sciences, Radboud University Nijmegen, PO Box 9102, 6500 HC Nijmegen, the Netherlands
Search for more papers by this authorP.C.M. van de Kerkhof
Dermatology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands
Search for more papers by this authorF.W. Kraaimaat
Departments of Medical Psychology, 2 Pain and Nociception Neuroscience Research Group, Department of Anaesthesiology, Pain and Palliative Medicine
Search for more papers by this authorA.W.M. Evers
Departments of Medical Psychology, 2 Pain and Nociception Neuroscience Research Group, Department of Anaesthesiology, Pain and Palliative Medicine
Search for more papers by this authorA.I.M. van Laarhoven
Departments of Medical Psychology, 2 Pain and Nociception Neuroscience Research Group, Department of Anaesthesiology, Pain and Palliative Medicine
Search for more papers by this authorA.L. Walker
Departments of Medical Psychology, 2 Pain and Nociception Neuroscience Research Group, Department of Anaesthesiology, Pain and Palliative Medicine
Search for more papers by this authorO.H. Wilder-Smith
Pain and Nociception Neuroscience Research Group, Department of Anaesthesiology, Pain and Palliative Medicine, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
Search for more papers by this authorS. Kroeze
Department of Social Sciences, Radboud University Nijmegen, PO Box 9102, 6500 HC Nijmegen, the Netherlands
Search for more papers by this authorP.C.M. van de Kerkhof
Dermatology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands
Search for more papers by this authorF.W. Kraaimaat
Departments of Medical Psychology, 2 Pain and Nociception Neuroscience Research Group, Department of Anaesthesiology, Pain and Palliative Medicine
Search for more papers by this authorA.W.M. Evers
Departments of Medical Psychology, 2 Pain and Nociception Neuroscience Research Group, Department of Anaesthesiology, Pain and Palliative Medicine
Search for more papers by this authorFunding sources: No external funding (internal funding from Radboud University Nijmegen).
Conflicts of interest: None declared.
Summary
Background Itch and pain are common symptoms in skin disease. It has been suggested that negative emotions may play a role in itch and pain. To date, however, the role of emotions has only been studied for pain in experimental studies, not yet for itch.
Objectives To investigate the effects of negative and positive emotions on the sensitivity to itch and pain.
Methods Film fragments were used to induce a negative or positive emotional state in healthy women. Itch and pain were induced using the following somatosensory stimuli: electrical stimulation, histamine iontophoresis and the cold pressor test.
Results Results showed that the scores for itch and pain evoked by histamine and the cold pressor test, respectively, were significantly higher in the negative than in the positive emotion condition, whereas tolerance thresholds to electrical stimulation and the cold pressor test, and stimulus unpleasantness scores did not differ between the two conditions.
Conclusions These findings for the first time indicate in an experimental design that emotions play a role in sensitivity to somatosensory sensations of both itch and pain.
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