Identification of Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157-Specific DNA Sequence Obtained from Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism Analysis
Akihiko Tokunaga
Department of Bioresource Science, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Kobe, Hyogo, 657-8501 Japan
Search for more papers by this authorMasanori Kawano
Department of Bioresource Science, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Kobe, Hyogo, 657-8501 Japan
Search for more papers by this authorMasatoshi Okura
Department of Bioresource Science, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Kobe, Hyogo, 657-8501 Japan
Search for more papers by this authorSunao Iyoda
Department of Bacteriology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8640 Japan
Search for more papers by this authorHaruo Watanabe
Department of Bacteriology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8640 Japan
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Ro Osawa
Department of Bioresource Science, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Kobe, Hyogo, 657-8501 Japan
Address correspondence to Dr. Ro Osawa, Department of Bioresource Science, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Rokko-dai 1-1, Nada-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 657-8501, Japan. Fax: +81-78-803-5804. E-mail: [email protected]Search for more papers by this authorAkihiko Tokunaga
Department of Bioresource Science, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Kobe, Hyogo, 657-8501 Japan
Search for more papers by this authorMasanori Kawano
Department of Bioresource Science, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Kobe, Hyogo, 657-8501 Japan
Search for more papers by this authorMasatoshi Okura
Department of Bioresource Science, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Kobe, Hyogo, 657-8501 Japan
Search for more papers by this authorSunao Iyoda
Department of Bacteriology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8640 Japan
Search for more papers by this authorHaruo Watanabe
Department of Bacteriology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8640 Japan
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Ro Osawa
Department of Bioresource Science, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Kobe, Hyogo, 657-8501 Japan
Address correspondence to Dr. Ro Osawa, Department of Bioresource Science, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Rokko-dai 1-1, Nada-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 657-8501, Japan. Fax: +81-78-803-5804. E-mail: [email protected]Search for more papers by this authorAbstract
An approximately 1.1 kbp fragment that was commonly observed only in the enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) O157 strains in an analysis of amplified fragment length polymorphism was found to be a partial gene sequence encoding the locus of toxB and a useful molecular marker for the identification of EHEC O157.
Abbreviations
-
- A/E
-
- attaching and effacing
-
- AFLP
-
- amplified fragment length polymorphism
-
- DNA
-
- deoxyribonucleic acid
-
- EHEC
-
- enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli
-
- EPEC
-
- enteropathogenic Escherichia coli
-
- STEC
-
- Shiga-toxin-producing Escherichia coli
-
- Stx
-
- Shiga toxin
-
- PCR
-
- polymerase chain reaction.
References
- 1Altschul, S.F., Gish, W., Miller, W., Myers, E.W., and Lipman, D.J. 1990. Basic local alignment search tool. J. Mol. Biol. 215: 403–410.
- 2Barroso, L.A., Wang, S.Z., Phelps, C.J., Johnson, J.L., and Wilkins, T.D. 1990. Nucleotide sequence of Clostridium difficile toxin B gene. Nucleic Acids Res. 18: 4004.
- 3Bertin, Y., Boukhors, K., Livrelli, V., and Martin, C. 2004. Localization of the insertion site and pathotype determination of the locus of enterocyte effacement of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli strains. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 70: 61–68.
- 4Buchanan, R.L., and Doyle, M.P. 1997. Foodborne disease significance of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and other enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli. Food Technol. 5: 69–76.
- 5Caprioli, A., Morabito, S., Brugere, H., and Oswald, E. 2005. Enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli: emerging issues on virulence and modes of transmission. Vet. Res. 36: 289–311.
- 6Coia, J.E. 1998. Clinical, microbiological and epidemiological aspects of Escherichia coli O157 infection. FEMS Immunol. Med. Microbiol. 20: 1–9.
- 7Desmarchelier, P.M., Bilge, S.S., Fegan, N., Mills, L., Vary, J.C., Jr., and Tarr, P.I. 1998. A PCR specific for Escherichia coli O157 based on the rfb locus encoding O157 lipopolysaccharide. J. Clin. Microbiol. 36: 1801–1804.
- 8Fields, P.I., Blom, K., Hughes, H.J., Helsel, L.O., Feng. P., and Swaminathan, B. 1997. Molecular characterization of the gene encoding H antigen in Escherichia coli and development of a PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism test for identification of E. coli O157:H7 and O157:NM. J. Clin. Microbiol. 35: 1066–1070.
- 9Goldwater, P.N., and Bettelheim, K.A. 2000. Escherichia coli ‘O’ group serology of a haemolytic uraemic syndrome (HUS) outbreak. Scand. J. Infect. Dis. 32: 285–394.
- 10Griffin, P.M., and Tauxe. R.V. 1991. The epidemiology of infections caused by Escherichia coli O157:H7, other enterohemorrhagic E. coli, and the associated hemolytic uremic syndrome. Epidemiol. Rev. 13: 60–98.
- 11Hahm, B.K., Maldonado, Y., Schreiber, E., Bhunia, A.K., and Nakatsu, C.H. 2003. Subtyping of foodborne and environmental isolates of Escherichia coli by multiplex-PCR, rep-PCR, PFGE, ribotyping and AFLP. J. Microbiol. Methods 53: 387–399.
- 12Hanahan, D. 1983. Studies on transformation of Escherichia coli with plasmids. J. Mol. Biol. 166: 557–580.
- 13Iyoda, S., Wada, A., Weller, J., Flood, S.J., Schreiber, E., Tucker, B., and Watanabe, H. 1999. Evaluation of AFLP, a high-resolution DNA fingerprinting method, as a tool for molecular subtyping of enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:H7 isolates. Microbiol. Immunol. 43: 803–806.
- 14Kaper, J.B. 1996. Defining EPEC. Revista de Microbiologia. Sao Paulo 27: 130–133.
- 15Karch, H., Tarr, P.I., and Bielaszewska, M. 2005. Enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli in human medicine. Int. J. Med. Microbiol. 295: 405–418.
- 16Louie, M., De-Azavedo, J.C.S., Handelsman, M.Y.C., Clark, C.G., Ally, B., Dytoc, M., Sherman, P., and Brunton, J. 1993. Expression and characterization of the eaeA gene product of Escherichia coli serotype O157:H7. Infect. Immun. 61: 4085–4092.
- 17Maurer, J.J., Schmidt, D., Petrosko, P., Sanchez, S., Bolton, L., and Lee, M.D. 1999. Development of primers to O-antigen biosynthesis genes for specific detection of Escherichia coli O157 by PCR. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 65: 2954–2960.
- 18McGraw, E.A., Li, J., Selander, R.K., and Whittam, T.S. 1999. Molecular evolution and mosaic structure of α, β, and γ intimins of pathogenic Escherichia coli. Mol. Biol. Evol. 16: 12–22.
- 19Morabito, S., Tozzoli, R., Oswald, E., and Caprioli, A. 2003. A mosaic pathogenicity island made up of the locus of enterocyte effacement and a pathogenicity island of Escherichia coli O157:H7 is frequently present in attaching and effacing E. coli. Infect. Immun. 71: 3343–3348.
- 20Mukhopadhyay, A., and Mukhopadhyay, U.K. 2007. Novel multiplex PCR approaches for the simultaneous detection of human pathogens: Escherichia coli 0157:H7 and Listeria monocytogenes. J. Microbiol. Methods 68: 193–200.
- 21Nataro, J.P., and Kaper, J.B. 1998. Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli. Clin. Microbiol. Rev. 11: 142–201.
- 22Ray, P.E., and Liu, X.H. 2001. Pathogenesis of Shiga toxin-induced hemolytic uremic syndrome. Pediatr. Nephrol. 16: 823–839.
- 23Reid, S.D., Selander, R.K., and Whittam, T.S. 1999. Sequence diversity of flagellin (fliC) alleles in pathogenic Escherichia coli. J. Bacteriol. 181: 153–160.
- 24Tarr, P.I., Schoening, L.M., Lea, Y., Ward, T.R., Jelacic. S., and Whittam, T.A. 2000. Acquisition of the rfb-gnd cluster in evolution of Escherichia coli O55 and O157. J. Bacteriol. 182: 6183–6191.
- 25Tatsuno, I., Horie, M., Abe, H., Miki, T., Makino, K., Shinagawa, H., Taguchi, H., Kamiya, S., Hayashi, T., and Sasakawa, C. 2001. toxB gene on pO157 of enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:H7 is required for full epithelial cell adherence phenotype. Infect. Immun. 69: 6660–6669.
- 26Toma, C., Martinez, E.E., Song, T., Miliwebsky, E., Chinen, I., Iyoda, S., Iwanaga, M., and Rivas, M. 2004. Distribution of putative adhesins in different seropathotypes of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli. J. Clin. Microbiol. 42: 4937–4946.
- 27Tozzoli, R., Caprioli, A., and Morabito, S. 2005. Detection of toxB, a plasmid virulence gene of Escherichia coli O157, in enterohemorrhagic and enteropathogenic E. coli. J. Clin. Microbiol. 43: 4052–4056.
- 28Vallance, B.A., and Finlay, B.B. 2000. Exploitation of host cells by enteropathogenic Escherichia coli. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 97: 8799–8806.
- 29Vos, P., Hogers, R., Bleeker, M., Reijans, M., Van De Lee, T., Hornes, M., Frijters, A., Pot, J., Peleman, J., and Kuiper, M. 1995. AFLP: a new technique for DNA fingerprinting. Nucleic Acids Res. 23: 4407–4414.
- 30Wang, G., Clark, C., and Rodgers, F. 2002. Detection in Escherichia coli of the genes encoding the major virulence factors, the genes defining the O157:H7 serotype, and components of the type 2 Shiga toxin family by multiplex PCR. J. Clin. Microbiol. 40: 3613–3619.
- 31Wick, L.M., Qi, W., Lacher, D.W., and Whittam, T.S. 2005. Evolution of genomic content in the stepwise emergence of Escherichia coli O157:H7. J. Bacteriol. 187: 1783–1791.