Review Article
The impact of COVID-19 on the mental health workforce: A rapid review
Kaitlyn M. Crocker BSc, BPsycHons,
Inge Gnatt BDance, GradDipPsych, BPsycHons,
Darren Haywood BSc, BPsycHons,
Ingrid Butterfield FRANZCP, MBBS,
Ravi Bhat MBBS, DPM, MD, FRANZCP, Cert Adv Tr POA,
Anoop Raveendran Nair Lalitha MBBS, DPM, MD, FRANZCP,
Zoe M. Jenkins,
David J. Castle MSc, MD, FRCPsych, FRANZCP,
Corresponding Author
Kaitlyn M. Crocker BSc, BPsycHons
Department of Mental Health, St Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
Correspondence: Kaitlyn M. Crocker, Department of Mental Health, St Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, PO Box 2900, Fitzroy, Vic. 3065, Australia. Email: [email protected]Search for more papers by this authorInge Gnatt BDance, GradDipPsych, BPsycHons
Department of Mental Health, St Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
Centre for Mental Health, Faculty of Health, Arts & Design, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Victoria, Australia
Search for more papers by this authorDarren Haywood BSc, BPsycHons
Department of Mental Health, St Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
School of Population Health, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
Search for more papers by this authorIngrid Butterfield FRANZCP, MBBS
School of Population Health, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
Search for more papers by this authorRavi Bhat MBBS, DPM, MD, FRANZCP, Cert Adv Tr POA
Department of Rural Health, University of Melbourne, Shepparton, Victoria, Australia
Search for more papers by this authorAnoop Raveendran Nair Lalitha MBBS, DPM, MD, FRANZCP
Department of Mental health, Grampians Area Mental Health & well-being Services, Ballarat, Victoria, Australia
Search for more papers by this authorZoe M. Jenkins
Department of Mental Health, St Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
Search for more papers by this authorDavid J. Castle MSc, MD, FRCPsych, FRANZCP
Department of Mental Health, St Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Centre for Complex Interventions, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Search for more papers by this authorKaitlyn M. Crocker BSc, BPsycHons,
Inge Gnatt BDance, GradDipPsych, BPsycHons,
Darren Haywood BSc, BPsycHons,
Ingrid Butterfield FRANZCP, MBBS,
Ravi Bhat MBBS, DPM, MD, FRANZCP, Cert Adv Tr POA,
Anoop Raveendran Nair Lalitha MBBS, DPM, MD, FRANZCP,
Zoe M. Jenkins,
David J. Castle MSc, MD, FRCPsych, FRANZCP,
Corresponding Author
Kaitlyn M. Crocker BSc, BPsycHons
Department of Mental Health, St Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
Correspondence: Kaitlyn M. Crocker, Department of Mental Health, St Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, PO Box 2900, Fitzroy, Vic. 3065, Australia. Email: [email protected]Search for more papers by this authorInge Gnatt BDance, GradDipPsych, BPsycHons
Department of Mental Health, St Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
Centre for Mental Health, Faculty of Health, Arts & Design, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Victoria, Australia
Search for more papers by this authorDarren Haywood BSc, BPsycHons
Department of Mental Health, St Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
School of Population Health, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
Search for more papers by this authorIngrid Butterfield FRANZCP, MBBS
School of Population Health, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
Search for more papers by this authorRavi Bhat MBBS, DPM, MD, FRANZCP, Cert Adv Tr POA
Department of Rural Health, University of Melbourne, Shepparton, Victoria, Australia
Search for more papers by this authorAnoop Raveendran Nair Lalitha MBBS, DPM, MD, FRANZCP
Department of Mental health, Grampians Area Mental Health & well-being Services, Ballarat, Victoria, Australia
Search for more papers by this authorZoe M. Jenkins
Department of Mental Health, St Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
Search for more papers by this authorDavid J. Castle MSc, MD, FRCPsych, FRANZCP
Department of Mental Health, St Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Centre for Complex Interventions, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Search for more papers by this authorZoe M.Jenkins, David J. Castle joint senior authors.
Authorship statement: Authors K.C, I.G. and Z.J. designed the study and wrote the protocol. K.C. and I.G. conducted the literature search and screened all papers. K.C. conducted data extraction and analysis. K.C. wrote the first draft of the manuscript and all authors contributed to and have approved the final manuscript.
Declaration of conflict of interest: The author(s) report no conflicts of interest in relation to this work.
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic led to significant adaptations to healthcare. Provision of mental healthcare in a changing environment presented healthcare workers with unique challenges and demands, including changes in workload and expectations. To inform current and future healthcare service responses, and adaptations, the current review aimed to collate and examine the impact of the pandemic on mental healthcare workers (MHWs). We conducted a rapid systematic review to examine the overall impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on MHWs. Searches were conducted in Ovid Medline and PsycInfo and restricted to articles published from 2020. Inclusion criteria specified articles written in English, published in peer-reviewed journals, and that examined any outcome of the impact of COVID-19 on MHWs; 55 articles fulfilled these criteria. Outcomes were categorized into ‘work-related outcomes’ and ‘personal outcomes’. Mental healthcare workers worldwide experienced a range of work-related and personal adversities during the pandemic. Key work-related outcomes included increased workload, changed roles, burnout, decreased job satisfaction, telehealth challenges, difficulties with work-life balance, altered job performance, vicarious trauma and increased workplace violence. Personal outcomes included decreased well-being, increased psychological distress and psychosocial difficulties. These outcomes differed between inpatient, outpatient and remote settings. The COVID-19 pandemic significantly altered the delivery of mental healthcare and MHWs experienced both work-related and personal adversities during the COVID-19 pandemic. With the continuation of changes introduced to healthcare in the initial stages of the pandemic, it will be important to maintain efforts to monitor negative outcomes and ensure supports for MHWs, going forward.
Open Research
DATA AVAILABILITY STATEMENT
Data sharing is not applicable to this article as no new data were created or analyzed in this study.
Supporting Information
| Filename | Description |
|---|---|
| inm13097-sup-0001-TableS1.docxWord 2007 document , 24.9 KB | Appendix S1 Search strategies. |
Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
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