Survival of stage III non-seminoma testis cancer patients versus simulated controls, according to race/ethnicity
This article relates to:
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Editorial Comment to: “Survival of stage III non-seminoma testis cancer patients versus simulated controls, according to race/ethnicity”
- Volume 31Issue 10International Journal of Urology
- pages: 1143-1144
- First Published online: August 6, 2024
Corresponding Author
Simone Morra
Division of Urology, Cancer Prognostics and Health Outcomes Unit, University of Montréal Health Center, Montréal, Québec, Canada
Department of Neurosciences, Science of Reproduction and Odontostomatology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
Correspondence
Simone Morra M.D., Cancer Prognostics and Health Outcomes Unit, Division of Urology, University of Montréal Health Centre, Montréal, Québec, Canada and Department of Neurosciences, Science of Reproduction and Odontostomatology, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy.
Email: [email protected]
Contribution: Methodology, Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Investigation, Writing - original draft, Data curation, Writing - review & editing
Search for more papers by this authorCristina Cano Garcia
Division of Urology, Cancer Prognostics and Health Outcomes Unit, University of Montréal Health Center, Montréal, Québec, Canada
Department of Urology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University Frankfurt am Main, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
Contribution: Conceptualization, Methodology, Writing - original draft
Search for more papers by this authorMattia Luca Piccinelli
Division of Urology, Cancer Prognostics and Health Outcomes Unit, University of Montréal Health Center, Montréal, Québec, Canada
Department of Urology, IEO European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
Contribution: Data curation
Search for more papers by this authorStefano Tappero
Division of Urology, Cancer Prognostics and Health Outcomes Unit, University of Montréal Health Center, Montréal, Québec, Canada
Department of Urology, IRCCS Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
Department of Surgical and Diagnostic Integrated Sciences (DISC), University of Genova, Genoa, Italy
Contribution: Data curation, Investigation
Search for more papers by this authorFrancesco Barletta
Division of Urology, Cancer Prognostics and Health Outcomes Unit, University of Montréal Health Center, Montréal, Québec, Canada
Division of Experimental Oncology/Unit of Urology, URI, Urological Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
Contribution: Investigation, Data curation
Search for more papers by this authorReha-Baris Incesu
Division of Urology, Cancer Prognostics and Health Outcomes Unit, University of Montréal Health Center, Montréal, Québec, Canada
Martini-Klinik Prostate Cancer Center, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
Contribution: Writing - original draft
Search for more papers by this authorLukas Scheipner
Division of Urology, Cancer Prognostics and Health Outcomes Unit, University of Montréal Health Center, Montréal, Québec, Canada
Department of Urology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
Contribution: Writing - original draft
Search for more papers by this authorAndrea Baudo
Division of Urology, Cancer Prognostics and Health Outcomes Unit, University of Montréal Health Center, Montréal, Québec, Canada
Department of Urology, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Milan, Italy
Contribution: Data curation
Search for more papers by this authorZhe Tian
Division of Urology, Cancer Prognostics and Health Outcomes Unit, University of Montréal Health Center, Montréal, Québec, Canada
Contribution: Formal analysis, Software, Validation
Search for more papers by this authorMario de Angelis
Division of Urology, Cancer Prognostics and Health Outcomes Unit, University of Montréal Health Center, Montréal, Québec, Canada
Division of Experimental Oncology/Unit of Urology, URI, Urological Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
Contribution: Data curation, Investigation
Search for more papers by this authorVincenzo Mirone
Department of Neurosciences, Science of Reproduction and Odontostomatology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
Contribution: Visualization
Search for more papers by this authorGianluigi Califano
Department of Neurosciences, Science of Reproduction and Odontostomatology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
Contribution: Visualization
Search for more papers by this authorGiuseppe Celentano
Department of Neurosciences, Science of Reproduction and Odontostomatology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
Contribution: Visualization
Search for more papers by this authorFred Saad
Division of Urology, Cancer Prognostics and Health Outcomes Unit, University of Montréal Health Center, Montréal, Québec, Canada
Contribution: Visualization
Search for more papers by this authorShahrokh F. Shariat
Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
Department of Urology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA
Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
Hourani Center of Applied Scientific Research, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman, Jordan
Contribution: Visualization
Search for more papers by this authorFelix K. H. Chun
Department of Urology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University Frankfurt am Main, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
Contribution: Visualization
Search for more papers by this authorOttavio de Cobelli
Department of Urology, IEO European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
Department of Oncology and Haemato-Oncology, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
Contribution: Visualization
Search for more papers by this authorGennaro Musi
Department of Urology, IEO European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
Department of Oncology and Haemato-Oncology, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
Contribution: Visualization
Search for more papers by this authorCarlo Terrone
Department of Urology, IRCCS Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
Department of Surgical and Diagnostic Integrated Sciences (DISC), University of Genova, Genoa, Italy
Contribution: Visualization
Search for more papers by this authorAlberto Briganti
Division of Experimental Oncology/Unit of Urology, URI, Urological Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
Contribution: Visualization
Search for more papers by this authorDerya Tilki
Martini-Klinik Prostate Cancer Center, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
Department of Urology, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
Department of Urology, Koc University Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
Contribution: Visualization
Search for more papers by this authorSascha Ahyai
Department of Urology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
Contribution: Visualization
Search for more papers by this authorLuca Carmignani
Department of Urology, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Milan, Italy
Department of Urology, IRCCS Ospedale Galeazzi—Sant'Ambrogio, Milan, Italy
Contribution: Visualization
Search for more papers by this authorNicola Longo
Department of Neurosciences, Science of Reproduction and Odontostomatology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
Contribution: Supervision
Search for more papers by this authorPierre I. Karakiewicz
Division of Urology, Cancer Prognostics and Health Outcomes Unit, University of Montréal Health Center, Montréal, Québec, Canada
Contribution: Supervision, Project administration
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Simone Morra
Division of Urology, Cancer Prognostics and Health Outcomes Unit, University of Montréal Health Center, Montréal, Québec, Canada
Department of Neurosciences, Science of Reproduction and Odontostomatology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
Correspondence
Simone Morra M.D., Cancer Prognostics and Health Outcomes Unit, Division of Urology, University of Montréal Health Centre, Montréal, Québec, Canada and Department of Neurosciences, Science of Reproduction and Odontostomatology, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy.
Email: [email protected]
Contribution: Methodology, Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Investigation, Writing - original draft, Data curation, Writing - review & editing
Search for more papers by this authorCristina Cano Garcia
Division of Urology, Cancer Prognostics and Health Outcomes Unit, University of Montréal Health Center, Montréal, Québec, Canada
Department of Urology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University Frankfurt am Main, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
Contribution: Conceptualization, Methodology, Writing - original draft
Search for more papers by this authorMattia Luca Piccinelli
Division of Urology, Cancer Prognostics and Health Outcomes Unit, University of Montréal Health Center, Montréal, Québec, Canada
Department of Urology, IEO European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
Contribution: Data curation
Search for more papers by this authorStefano Tappero
Division of Urology, Cancer Prognostics and Health Outcomes Unit, University of Montréal Health Center, Montréal, Québec, Canada
Department of Urology, IRCCS Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
Department of Surgical and Diagnostic Integrated Sciences (DISC), University of Genova, Genoa, Italy
Contribution: Data curation, Investigation
Search for more papers by this authorFrancesco Barletta
Division of Urology, Cancer Prognostics and Health Outcomes Unit, University of Montréal Health Center, Montréal, Québec, Canada
Division of Experimental Oncology/Unit of Urology, URI, Urological Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
Contribution: Investigation, Data curation
Search for more papers by this authorReha-Baris Incesu
Division of Urology, Cancer Prognostics and Health Outcomes Unit, University of Montréal Health Center, Montréal, Québec, Canada
Martini-Klinik Prostate Cancer Center, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
Contribution: Writing - original draft
Search for more papers by this authorLukas Scheipner
Division of Urology, Cancer Prognostics and Health Outcomes Unit, University of Montréal Health Center, Montréal, Québec, Canada
Department of Urology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
Contribution: Writing - original draft
Search for more papers by this authorAndrea Baudo
Division of Urology, Cancer Prognostics and Health Outcomes Unit, University of Montréal Health Center, Montréal, Québec, Canada
Department of Urology, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Milan, Italy
Contribution: Data curation
Search for more papers by this authorZhe Tian
Division of Urology, Cancer Prognostics and Health Outcomes Unit, University of Montréal Health Center, Montréal, Québec, Canada
Contribution: Formal analysis, Software, Validation
Search for more papers by this authorMario de Angelis
Division of Urology, Cancer Prognostics and Health Outcomes Unit, University of Montréal Health Center, Montréal, Québec, Canada
Division of Experimental Oncology/Unit of Urology, URI, Urological Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
Contribution: Data curation, Investigation
Search for more papers by this authorVincenzo Mirone
Department of Neurosciences, Science of Reproduction and Odontostomatology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
Contribution: Visualization
Search for more papers by this authorGianluigi Califano
Department of Neurosciences, Science of Reproduction and Odontostomatology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
Contribution: Visualization
Search for more papers by this authorGiuseppe Celentano
Department of Neurosciences, Science of Reproduction and Odontostomatology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
Contribution: Visualization
Search for more papers by this authorFred Saad
Division of Urology, Cancer Prognostics and Health Outcomes Unit, University of Montréal Health Center, Montréal, Québec, Canada
Contribution: Visualization
Search for more papers by this authorShahrokh F. Shariat
Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
Department of Urology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA
Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
Hourani Center of Applied Scientific Research, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman, Jordan
Contribution: Visualization
Search for more papers by this authorFelix K. H. Chun
Department of Urology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University Frankfurt am Main, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
Contribution: Visualization
Search for more papers by this authorOttavio de Cobelli
Department of Urology, IEO European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
Department of Oncology and Haemato-Oncology, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
Contribution: Visualization
Search for more papers by this authorGennaro Musi
Department of Urology, IEO European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
Department of Oncology and Haemato-Oncology, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
Contribution: Visualization
Search for more papers by this authorCarlo Terrone
Department of Urology, IRCCS Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
Department of Surgical and Diagnostic Integrated Sciences (DISC), University of Genova, Genoa, Italy
Contribution: Visualization
Search for more papers by this authorAlberto Briganti
Division of Experimental Oncology/Unit of Urology, URI, Urological Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
Contribution: Visualization
Search for more papers by this authorDerya Tilki
Martini-Klinik Prostate Cancer Center, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
Department of Urology, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
Department of Urology, Koc University Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
Contribution: Visualization
Search for more papers by this authorSascha Ahyai
Department of Urology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
Contribution: Visualization
Search for more papers by this authorLuca Carmignani
Department of Urology, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Milan, Italy
Department of Urology, IRCCS Ospedale Galeazzi—Sant'Ambrogio, Milan, Italy
Contribution: Visualization
Search for more papers by this authorNicola Longo
Department of Neurosciences, Science of Reproduction and Odontostomatology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
Contribution: Supervision
Search for more papers by this authorPierre I. Karakiewicz
Division of Urology, Cancer Prognostics and Health Outcomes Unit, University of Montréal Health Center, Montréal, Québec, Canada
Contribution: Supervision, Project administration
Search for more papers by this authorAbstract
Background
It is unknown whether 5-year overall survival (OS) differs and to what extent between the American Joint Committee on Cancer stage III non-seminoma testicular germ cell tumor (NS-TGCT) patients and simulated age-matched male population-based controls, according to race/ethnicity groups.
Methods
We identified newly diagnosed (2004–2014) stage III NS-TGCT patients within the Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results database 2004–2019. For each case, we simulated an age-matched male control (Monte Carlo simulation), relying on Social Security Administration (SSA) Life Tables with 5 years of follow-up. We compared OS rates between stage III NS-TGCT patients and simulated age-matched male population-based controls, according to race/ethnicity groups (Caucasian, Hispanic, Asian/Pacific Islander and African American). Both, cancer-specific mortality (CSM) and other-cause mortality (OCM) were computed.
Results
Of 2054 stage III NS-TGCT patients, 60% were Caucasians versus 33% Hispanics versus 4% Asians/Pacific Islanders versus 3% African Americans. The 5-year OS difference between stage III NS-TGCT patients versus simulated age-matched male population-based controls was highest in Asians/Pacific Islanders (64 vs. 99%, Δ = 35%), followed by African Americans (66 vs. 97%, Δ = 31%), Hispanics (72 vs. 99%, Δ = 27%), and Caucasians (76 vs. 98%, Δ = 22%). The 5-year CSM rate was highest in Asians/Pacific Islanders (32%), followed by African Americans (26%), Hispanics (25%), and Caucasians (20%). The 5-year OCM rate was highest in African Americans (8%), followed by Caucasians (4%), Asians/Pacific Islanders (4%), and Hispanics (2%).
Conclusion
Relative to SSA Life Tables, the highest 5-year OS disadvantage applied to stage III NS-TGCT Asian/Pacific Islander race/ethnicity group, followed by African American, Hispanic and Caucasian, in that order.
CONFLICT OF INTEREST STATEMENT
Shahrokh F. Shariat: Horonraria: Astellas, Astra Zeneca, Bayer, BMS, Cepheid, Ferring, lpsen, Janssen, Lilly, MSD, Olympus, Pfizer, Pierre Fabre, Richard Wolf, Roche, Sanochemia, Sanofi, Takeda, Urogen. Consulting or Advisory Role: Astellas, Astra Zeneca, Bayer, BMS, Cepheid, Ferring, lpsen, Janssen, Lilly, MSD, Olympus, Pfizer, Pierre Fabre, Richard Wolf, Roche, Sanochemia, Sanofi, Takeda, Urogen. Speakers' Bureau: Astellas, Astra Zeneca, Bayer, BMS, Cepheid, Ferring, lpsen, Janssen, Lilly, MSD, Olympus, Pfizer, Pierre Fabre, Richard Wolf, Roche, Sanochemia, Sanofi, Takeda, Urogen, Movember Foundation. Patents: Method to determine prognosis after therapy for prostate cancer—granted 2002-09-06, Methods to determine prognosis after therapy for bladder cancer—granted 2003-06-19, Prognostic methods for patients with prostatic disease—granted 2004-08-05; Soluble Fas urinary marker for the detection of bladder transitional cell carcinoma—granted 2010-07-20.
Our research was conducted without any other potential conflicts of interest.
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