Physical and cognitive profiles in motoric cognitive risk syndrome in an older population from Southern Italy
Corresponding Author
Ilaria Bortone
Unit of Research Methodology and Data Sciences for Population Health, “Salus in Apulia Study,”, National Institute of Gastroenterology “Saverio de Bellis,” Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, Italy
Correspondence
Ilaria Bortone and Francesco Panza, Unit of Research Methodology and Data Sciences for Population Health, “Salus in Apulia Study”, National Institute of Gastroenterology "Saverio de Bellis" Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, Bari, Italy.
Emails: [email protected] (IB); [email protected]; [email protected] (FP)
Contribution: Conceptualization (lead), Formal analysis (supporting), Investigation (equal), Methodology (equal), Validation (equal), Writing - original draft (lead), Writing - review & editing (lead)
Search for more papers by this authorChiara Griseta
Unit of Research Methodology and Data Sciences for Population Health, “Salus in Apulia Study,”, National Institute of Gastroenterology “Saverio de Bellis,” Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, Italy
Contribution: Conceptualization (supporting), Data curation (equal), Investigation (equal), Writing - original draft (supporting), Writing - review & editing (supporting)
Search for more papers by this authorPetronilla Battista
Global Brain Health Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
Contribution: Conceptualization (equal), Data curation (lead), Investigation (equal), Methodology (equal), Writing - original draft (equal), Writing - review & editing (equal)
Search for more papers by this authorFabio Castellana
Unit of Research Methodology and Data Sciences for Population Health, “Salus in Apulia Study,”, National Institute of Gastroenterology “Saverio de Bellis,” Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, Italy
Contribution: Data curation (supporting), Formal analysis (lead), Investigation (supporting), Writing - original draft (supporting), Writing - review & editing (supporting)
Search for more papers by this authorLuisa Lampignano
Unit of Research Methodology and Data Sciences for Population Health, “Salus in Apulia Study,”, National Institute of Gastroenterology “Saverio de Bellis,” Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, Italy
Contribution: Data curation (equal), Writing - original draft (supporting), Writing - review & editing (supporting)
Search for more papers by this authorRoberta Zupo
Unit of Research Methodology and Data Sciences for Population Health, “Salus in Apulia Study,”, National Institute of Gastroenterology “Saverio de Bellis,” Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, Italy
Contribution: Data curation (equal), Writing - original draft (supporting), Writing - review & editing (supporting)
Search for more papers by this authorGiancarlo Sborgia
Eye Clinic, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Consorziale Policlinico di Bari, Bari, Italy
Contribution: Investigation (supporting), Writing - original draft (supporting), Writing - review & editing (supporting)
Search for more papers by this authorMadia Lozupone
Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, University of Bari “Aldo Moro,”, Bari, Italy
Contribution: Investigation (equal), Methodology (equal), Writing - original draft (equal), Writing - review & editing (equal)
Search for more papers by this authorBiagio Moretti
Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, University of Bari “Aldo Moro,”, Bari, Italy
Contribution: Supervision (equal), Writing - review & editing (supporting)
Search for more papers by this authorGianluigi Giannelli
National Institute of Gastroenterology “Saverio de Bellis,” Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, Italy
Contribution: Resources (lead)
Search for more papers by this authorRodolfo Sardone
Unit of Research Methodology and Data Sciences for Population Health, “Salus in Apulia Study,”, National Institute of Gastroenterology “Saverio de Bellis,” Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, Italy
Contribution: Conceptualization (equal), Formal analysis (equal), Investigation (equal), Methodology (equal), Writing - original draft (equal), Writing - review & editing (equal)
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Francesco Panza
Unit of Research Methodology and Data Sciences for Population Health, “Salus in Apulia Study,”, National Institute of Gastroenterology “Saverio de Bellis,” Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, Italy
Correspondence
Ilaria Bortone and Francesco Panza, Unit of Research Methodology and Data Sciences for Population Health, “Salus in Apulia Study”, National Institute of Gastroenterology "Saverio de Bellis" Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, Bari, Italy.
Emails: [email protected] (IB); [email protected]; [email protected] (FP)
Contribution: Conceptualization (lead), Data curation (equal), Investigation (equal), Methodology (equal), Writing - original draft (equal), Writing - review & editing (lead)
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Ilaria Bortone
Unit of Research Methodology and Data Sciences for Population Health, “Salus in Apulia Study,”, National Institute of Gastroenterology “Saverio de Bellis,” Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, Italy
Correspondence
Ilaria Bortone and Francesco Panza, Unit of Research Methodology and Data Sciences for Population Health, “Salus in Apulia Study”, National Institute of Gastroenterology "Saverio de Bellis" Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, Bari, Italy.
Emails: [email protected] (IB); [email protected]; [email protected] (FP)
Contribution: Conceptualization (lead), Formal analysis (supporting), Investigation (equal), Methodology (equal), Validation (equal), Writing - original draft (lead), Writing - review & editing (lead)
Search for more papers by this authorChiara Griseta
Unit of Research Methodology and Data Sciences for Population Health, “Salus in Apulia Study,”, National Institute of Gastroenterology “Saverio de Bellis,” Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, Italy
Contribution: Conceptualization (supporting), Data curation (equal), Investigation (equal), Writing - original draft (supporting), Writing - review & editing (supporting)
Search for more papers by this authorPetronilla Battista
Global Brain Health Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
Contribution: Conceptualization (equal), Data curation (lead), Investigation (equal), Methodology (equal), Writing - original draft (equal), Writing - review & editing (equal)
Search for more papers by this authorFabio Castellana
Unit of Research Methodology and Data Sciences for Population Health, “Salus in Apulia Study,”, National Institute of Gastroenterology “Saverio de Bellis,” Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, Italy
Contribution: Data curation (supporting), Formal analysis (lead), Investigation (supporting), Writing - original draft (supporting), Writing - review & editing (supporting)
Search for more papers by this authorLuisa Lampignano
Unit of Research Methodology and Data Sciences for Population Health, “Salus in Apulia Study,”, National Institute of Gastroenterology “Saverio de Bellis,” Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, Italy
Contribution: Data curation (equal), Writing - original draft (supporting), Writing - review & editing (supporting)
Search for more papers by this authorRoberta Zupo
Unit of Research Methodology and Data Sciences for Population Health, “Salus in Apulia Study,”, National Institute of Gastroenterology “Saverio de Bellis,” Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, Italy
Contribution: Data curation (equal), Writing - original draft (supporting), Writing - review & editing (supporting)
Search for more papers by this authorGiancarlo Sborgia
Eye Clinic, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Consorziale Policlinico di Bari, Bari, Italy
Contribution: Investigation (supporting), Writing - original draft (supporting), Writing - review & editing (supporting)
Search for more papers by this authorMadia Lozupone
Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, University of Bari “Aldo Moro,”, Bari, Italy
Contribution: Investigation (equal), Methodology (equal), Writing - original draft (equal), Writing - review & editing (equal)
Search for more papers by this authorBiagio Moretti
Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, University of Bari “Aldo Moro,”, Bari, Italy
Contribution: Supervision (equal), Writing - review & editing (supporting)
Search for more papers by this authorGianluigi Giannelli
National Institute of Gastroenterology “Saverio de Bellis,” Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, Italy
Contribution: Resources (lead)
Search for more papers by this authorRodolfo Sardone
Unit of Research Methodology and Data Sciences for Population Health, “Salus in Apulia Study,”, National Institute of Gastroenterology “Saverio de Bellis,” Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, Italy
Contribution: Conceptualization (equal), Formal analysis (equal), Investigation (equal), Methodology (equal), Writing - original draft (equal), Writing - review & editing (equal)
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Francesco Panza
Unit of Research Methodology and Data Sciences for Population Health, “Salus in Apulia Study,”, National Institute of Gastroenterology “Saverio de Bellis,” Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, Italy
Correspondence
Ilaria Bortone and Francesco Panza, Unit of Research Methodology and Data Sciences for Population Health, “Salus in Apulia Study”, National Institute of Gastroenterology "Saverio de Bellis" Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, Bari, Italy.
Emails: [email protected] (IB); [email protected]; [email protected] (FP)
Contribution: Conceptualization (lead), Data curation (equal), Investigation (equal), Methodology (equal), Writing - original draft (equal), Writing - review & editing (lead)
Search for more papers by this authorFunding information
This study was funded by the Italian Ministry of Health, under the Aging Network of Italian Research Hospitals.
Abstract
Background and purpose
In older age, physical and cognitive declines have been shown to occur simultaneously or consequent to one another, and several operational definitions have been proposed to consider the co-presence of the two declines; for example, “Motoric cognitive risk syndrome” (MCR) has been proposed as a definition for the coexistence of slow gait plus subjective cognitive complaints. Given the increasing interest in MCR and its potential role as both biomarker and therapeutic target, we aimed to estimate its prevalence in a large cohort of non-demented older subjects, and to examine the associations between physical status, global cognitive dysfunction, and impairment in various cognitive domains in MCR.
Methods
A population-based sample of 1041 older people in Southern Italy (mean age 75.15 years) was enrolled. We defined MCR using slowness and a single question for subjective cognitive complaints. We also administered a comprehensive neuropsychological test battery, together with tests assessing physical function.
Results
The prevalence of MCR was 9.9% (95% confidence interval 8.2–11.9). MCR was associated with decreased processing speed and executive function after adjusting for all relevant confounders. However, we found no significant association of MCR with decreased global cognition and immediate/delayed free recall of verbal memory. MCR was also associated with increased exhaustion, low muscle strength, and low physical activity, and increased levels of C-reactive protein and interleukin-6.
Conclusions
The present findings on MCR prevalence and associated cognitive and physical domains and inflammatory biomarkers may help to uncover altered pathways and therapeutic targets for intervention during the long preclinical phase of neurodegenerative dementia.
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
None declared.
Open Research
DATA AVAILABILITY STATEMENT
Data are available on request from the corresponding author.
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