Team work and cytopathology molecular diagnosis of solid pancreatic lesions
Corresponding Author
Carlo Fabbri
Unit of Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy, AUSL Bologna Bellaria-Maggiore Hospital, Italy
Corresponding: Carlo Fabbri, Unit of Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy Azienda U.S.L. di Bologna, Bellaria-Maggiore Hospital, Bologna, L.go Nigrisoli 2, 40133 Bologna, Italy. Email: [email protected]Search for more papers by this authorGiulia Gibiino
Medical Pathology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gastroenterology Division, Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
Search for more papers by this authorAdele Fornelli
Anatomic Pathology Unit, AUSL of Bologna, Maggiore Hospital, Italy
Search for more papers by this authorVincenzo Cennamo
Unit of Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy, AUSL Bologna Bellaria-Maggiore Hospital, Italy
Search for more papers by this authorDaniela Grifoni
Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FaBiT), University of Bologna, Italy
Search for more papers by this authorMichela Visani
Department of Medicine (DIMES), Molecular Diagnostic Unit AUSL of Bologna, University of Bologna School of Medicine, Italy
Search for more papers by this authorGiorgia Acquaviva
Department of Medicine (DIMES), Molecular Diagnostic Unit AUSL of Bologna, University of Bologna School of Medicine, Italy
Search for more papers by this authorMatteo Fassan
Department of Medicine, Anatomic Pathology, University of Padua, Padova, Italy
Search for more papers by this authorSirio Fiorino
Internal Medicine Unit, Maggiore Hospital, Bologna, Italy
Search for more papers by this authorSilvia Giovanelli
Unit of Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy, AUSL Bologna Bellaria-Maggiore Hospital, Italy
Search for more papers by this authorMarco Bassi
Unit of Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy, AUSL Bologna Bellaria-Maggiore Hospital, Italy
Search for more papers by this authorStefania Ghersi
Unit of Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy, AUSL Bologna Bellaria-Maggiore Hospital, Italy
Search for more papers by this authorGiovanni Tallini
Department of Medicine (DIMES), Molecular Diagnostic Unit AUSL of Bologna, University of Bologna School of Medicine, Italy
Search for more papers by this authorElio Jovine
Unit of Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy, AUSL Bologna Bellaria-Maggiore Hospital, Italy
Search for more papers by this authorAntonio Gasbarrini
Medical Pathology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gastroenterology Division, Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
Search for more papers by this authorDario de Biase
Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FaBiT), University of Bologna, Italy
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Carlo Fabbri
Unit of Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy, AUSL Bologna Bellaria-Maggiore Hospital, Italy
Corresponding: Carlo Fabbri, Unit of Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy Azienda U.S.L. di Bologna, Bellaria-Maggiore Hospital, Bologna, L.go Nigrisoli 2, 40133 Bologna, Italy. Email: [email protected]Search for more papers by this authorGiulia Gibiino
Medical Pathology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gastroenterology Division, Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
Search for more papers by this authorAdele Fornelli
Anatomic Pathology Unit, AUSL of Bologna, Maggiore Hospital, Italy
Search for more papers by this authorVincenzo Cennamo
Unit of Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy, AUSL Bologna Bellaria-Maggiore Hospital, Italy
Search for more papers by this authorDaniela Grifoni
Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FaBiT), University of Bologna, Italy
Search for more papers by this authorMichela Visani
Department of Medicine (DIMES), Molecular Diagnostic Unit AUSL of Bologna, University of Bologna School of Medicine, Italy
Search for more papers by this authorGiorgia Acquaviva
Department of Medicine (DIMES), Molecular Diagnostic Unit AUSL of Bologna, University of Bologna School of Medicine, Italy
Search for more papers by this authorMatteo Fassan
Department of Medicine, Anatomic Pathology, University of Padua, Padova, Italy
Search for more papers by this authorSirio Fiorino
Internal Medicine Unit, Maggiore Hospital, Bologna, Italy
Search for more papers by this authorSilvia Giovanelli
Unit of Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy, AUSL Bologna Bellaria-Maggiore Hospital, Italy
Search for more papers by this authorMarco Bassi
Unit of Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy, AUSL Bologna Bellaria-Maggiore Hospital, Italy
Search for more papers by this authorStefania Ghersi
Unit of Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy, AUSL Bologna Bellaria-Maggiore Hospital, Italy
Search for more papers by this authorGiovanni Tallini
Department of Medicine (DIMES), Molecular Diagnostic Unit AUSL of Bologna, University of Bologna School of Medicine, Italy
Search for more papers by this authorElio Jovine
Unit of Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy, AUSL Bologna Bellaria-Maggiore Hospital, Italy
Search for more papers by this authorAntonio Gasbarrini
Medical Pathology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gastroenterology Division, Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
Search for more papers by this authorDario de Biase
Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FaBiT), University of Bologna, Italy
Search for more papers by this authorAbstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is expected to become the second leading cause of cancer-associated death in the next decade or so. It is widely accepted that tumorigenesis is linked to specific alterations in key genes and pancreatic neoplasms are some of the best characterized at the genomic level. Recent whole-exome and whole-genome sequencing analyses confirmed that PDAC is frequently characterized by mutations in a set of four genes among others: KRAS, TP53, CDKN2A/p16, and SMAD4. Sequencing, for example, is the preferable technique available for detecting KRAS mutations, whereas in situ immunochemistry is the main approach for detecting TP53 gene alteration. Nevertheless, the diagnosis of PDAC is still a clinical challenge, involving adequate acquisition of endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided fine-needle aspiration (FNA) and specific pathological assessment from tissue architecture to specific biomolecular tests. The aim of the present review is to provide a complete overview of the current knowledge of the biology of pancreatic cancer as detected by the latest biomolecular techniques and, moreover, to propose a paradigm for strict teamwork collaboration in order to improve the correct use of diagnostic sources.
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