Oxidized limonene and oxidized linalool – concomitant contact allergy to common fragrance terpenes
Corresponding Author
Johanna Bråred Christensson
Department of Dermatology, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, 413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden
Dermatochemistry, Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, 412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
Correspondence: Johanna Bråred Christensson, Department of Dermatology, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg. Tel: +46 31 3421000; Fax: +46 31 821871. E-mail: [email protected]Search for more papers by this authorAnn-Therese Karlberg
Dermatochemistry, Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, 412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
Search for more papers by this authorKlaus E. Andersen
Department of Dermatology and Allergy Centre, Odense University Hospital, University of Southern Denmark, 5000 Odense, Denmark
Search for more papers by this authorMagnus Bruze
Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, 205 02 Malmö, Sweden
Search for more papers by this authorJeanne D. Johansen
The National Allergy Research Centre, Department of Dermato-allergology, Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, 2900 Hellerup, Denmark
Search for more papers by this authorBegoña Garcia-Bravo
Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Virgen Macarena, 41007 Seville, Spain
Search for more papers by this authorAna Giménez Arnau
Department of Dermatology, Hospital del Mar, Institut Mar d'Investigacions Médiques, Universitat Autònoma, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
Search for more papers by this authorChee-Leok Goh
National Skin Centre, 308205 Singapore, Singapore
Search for more papers by this authorRosemary Nixon
Occupational Dermatology Research and Education Centre, Skin and Cancer Foundation, 3053 Victoria, Australia
Search for more papers by this authorIan R. White
Department of Cutaneous Allergy, St John's Institute of Dermatology, St Thomas' Hospital, SE1 7EH London, UK
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Johanna Bråred Christensson
Department of Dermatology, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, 413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden
Dermatochemistry, Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, 412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
Correspondence: Johanna Bråred Christensson, Department of Dermatology, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg. Tel: +46 31 3421000; Fax: +46 31 821871. E-mail: [email protected]Search for more papers by this authorAnn-Therese Karlberg
Dermatochemistry, Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, 412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
Search for more papers by this authorKlaus E. Andersen
Department of Dermatology and Allergy Centre, Odense University Hospital, University of Southern Denmark, 5000 Odense, Denmark
Search for more papers by this authorMagnus Bruze
Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, 205 02 Malmö, Sweden
Search for more papers by this authorJeanne D. Johansen
The National Allergy Research Centre, Department of Dermato-allergology, Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, 2900 Hellerup, Denmark
Search for more papers by this authorBegoña Garcia-Bravo
Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Virgen Macarena, 41007 Seville, Spain
Search for more papers by this authorAna Giménez Arnau
Department of Dermatology, Hospital del Mar, Institut Mar d'Investigacions Médiques, Universitat Autònoma, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
Search for more papers by this authorChee-Leok Goh
National Skin Centre, 308205 Singapore, Singapore
Search for more papers by this authorRosemary Nixon
Occupational Dermatology Research and Education Centre, Skin and Cancer Foundation, 3053 Victoria, Australia
Search for more papers by this authorIan R. White
Department of Cutaneous Allergy, St John's Institute of Dermatology, St Thomas' Hospital, SE1 7EH London, UK
Search for more papers by this authorSummary
Background
Limonene and linalool are common fragrance terpenes. Both oxidized R-limonene and oxidized linalool have recently been patch tested in an international setting, showing contact allergy in 5.2% and 6.9% of dermatitis patients, respectively.
Objective
To investigate concomitant reactions between oxidized R-limonene and oxidized linalool in consecutive dermatitis patients.
Methods
Oxidized R-limonene 3.0% (containing limonene hydroperoxides 0.33%) and oxidized linalool 6% (linalool hydroperoxides 1%) in petrolatum were tested in 2900 consecutive dermatitis patients in Australia, Denmark, Singapore, Spain, Sweden, and the United Kingdom.
Results
A total of 281 patients reacted to either oxidized R-limonene or oxidized linalool. Of these, 25% had concomitant reactions to both compounds, whereas 29% reacted only to oxidized R-limonene and 46% only to oxidized linalool. Of the 152 patients reacting to oxidized R-limonene, 46% reacted to oxidized linalool, whereas 35% of the 200 patients reacting to oxidized linalool also reacted to oxidized R-limonene.
Conclusions
The majority of the patients (75%) reacted to only one of the oxidation mixtures, thus supporting the specificity of the reactions. The concomitant reactions to the two fragrance allergens suggest multiple sensitizations, which most likely reflect the exposure to the different fragrance materials in various types of consumer products. This is in accordance with what is generally seen for patch test reactions to fragrance materials.
Supporting Information
| Filename | Description |
|---|---|
| cod12545-sup-0001-AppendixS1.docapplication/doc, 161.5 KB |
Table S1. Overall frequencies of concomitant reactions to other fragrance markers and/or colophonium and/or oxidized linalool in patients reacting to oxidized R-limonene with a + reaction. Table S2. Overall frequencies of concomitant reactions to other fragrance markers and/or colophonium in patients reacting to oxidized limonene with a ++ or +++ reaction. Table S3. Overall frequencies of concomitant reactions to other fragrance markers and/or colophonium and/or oxidized R-limonene in patients reacting to oxidized linalool with a + reaction. Table S4. Overall frequencies of concomitant reactions to other fragrance markers and/or colophonium and/or oxidized R-limonene in patients reacting to oxidized linalool with a ++ or +++ reaction. |
Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
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