Original Article
Mobility and diet in the Iron Age Pontic forest-steppe: A multi-isotopic study of urban populations at Bel'sk
A. R. Ventresca Miller,
J. A. Johnson,
S. Makhortykh,
L. Litvinova,
T. Taylor,
R. Rolle,
C. A. Makarewicz,
Corresponding Author
A. R. Ventresca Miller
Human Development in Landscapes, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Leibnizstrasse 1, D-24118 Kiel, Germany
Institute for Prehistoric and Protohistoric Archaeology, Archaeological Stable Isotope Laboratory, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Johanna-Mestorf-Straße 2–6, D-24118 Kiel, Germany
Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, Department of Archaeology, Stable Isotope Group, Kahlaische Strasse 10, D-07745 Jena, Germany
Corresponding author: email [email protected]Search for more papers by this authorJ. A. Johnson
Department of Nordic Studies and Linguistics, Faculty of Humanities, University of Copenhagen, Njalsgade 136 & Emil Holms Kanal 2, DK-2300 Copenhagen S, Denmark
Search for more papers by this authorS. Makhortykh
Institute of Archaeology of National Academy of Sciences Ukraine (NUAS), 12 av. Geroyiv Stalingrada, 04210 Kyiv, Ukraine
Search for more papers by this authorL. Litvinova
Institute of Archaeology of National Academy of Sciences Ukraine (NUAS), 12 av. Geroyiv Stalingrada, 04210 Kyiv, Ukraine
Search for more papers by this authorT. Taylor
Department of Prehistoric and Historical Archaeology, University of Vienna, Franz-Klein-Gasse 1, A-1190 Vienna, Austria
Search for more papers by this authorR. Rolle
Institute for Prehistoric and Protohistoric Archaeology, University of Hamburg, Edmund-Siemers-Allee 1, D-24106 Hamburg, Germany
Search for more papers by this authorC. A. Makarewicz
Institute for Prehistoric and Protohistoric Archaeology, Archaeological Stable Isotope Laboratory, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Johanna-Mestorf-Straße 2–6, D-24118 Kiel, Germany
Search for more papers by this authorA. R. Ventresca Miller,
J. A. Johnson,
S. Makhortykh,
L. Litvinova,
T. Taylor,
R. Rolle,
C. A. Makarewicz,
Corresponding Author
A. R. Ventresca Miller
Human Development in Landscapes, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Leibnizstrasse 1, D-24118 Kiel, Germany
Institute for Prehistoric and Protohistoric Archaeology, Archaeological Stable Isotope Laboratory, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Johanna-Mestorf-Straße 2–6, D-24118 Kiel, Germany
Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, Department of Archaeology, Stable Isotope Group, Kahlaische Strasse 10, D-07745 Jena, Germany
Corresponding author: email [email protected]Search for more papers by this authorJ. A. Johnson
Department of Nordic Studies and Linguistics, Faculty of Humanities, University of Copenhagen, Njalsgade 136 & Emil Holms Kanal 2, DK-2300 Copenhagen S, Denmark
Search for more papers by this authorS. Makhortykh
Institute of Archaeology of National Academy of Sciences Ukraine (NUAS), 12 av. Geroyiv Stalingrada, 04210 Kyiv, Ukraine
Search for more papers by this authorL. Litvinova
Institute of Archaeology of National Academy of Sciences Ukraine (NUAS), 12 av. Geroyiv Stalingrada, 04210 Kyiv, Ukraine
Search for more papers by this authorT. Taylor
Department of Prehistoric and Historical Archaeology, University of Vienna, Franz-Klein-Gasse 1, A-1190 Vienna, Austria
Search for more papers by this authorR. Rolle
Institute for Prehistoric and Protohistoric Archaeology, University of Hamburg, Edmund-Siemers-Allee 1, D-24106 Hamburg, Germany
Search for more papers by this authorC. A. Makarewicz
Institute for Prehistoric and Protohistoric Archaeology, Archaeological Stable Isotope Laboratory, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Johanna-Mestorf-Straße 2–6, D-24118 Kiel, Germany
Search for more papers by this authorAbstract
High mobility among Scythian populations is often cited as the driving force behind pan-regional interactions and the spread of new material culture c.700–200 bce, when burgeoning socioeconomic interactions between the Greeks, Scythian steppe pastoralists and the agro-pastoral tribes of the forest-steppe played out across the region. While interregional mobility central to warrior lifestyles is assumed to have been a defining feature of Scythian populations, strikingly few studies have investigated human mobility among communities located along the steppe and forest-steppe boundary zone. Here, we document movement and dietary intake of individuals interred at Bel'sk, a large urban settlement in Ukraine, through strontium, oxygen and carbon isotope analyses of human tooth enamel. The results provide direct evidence for limited mobility among populations from Bel'sk, demonstrating the movement into, and out of, urban complexes. Strontium and oxygen isotope analyses reveal that groups at Bel'sk remained local to the urban complex. Dietary intake, reflected in carbon isotopes, was based on domesticated crops and livestock herding. The combination of low mobility alongside dietary evidence suggests local groups engaged in sedentary agro-pastoral subsistence strategies that contrast sharply with the picture of highly mobile Scythian herders dependent on livestock portrayed in historical sources.
Supporting Information
| Filename | Description |
|---|---|
| ARCM12493-sup-0001-Supplemental Figure Zone Ukraine_new.jpgJPEG image, 14.3 MB |
Figure S1. Environmental zones of Ukraine identifying zones of woodland, forest-steppe, steppe, and mountainous zones (imposed over DEM) |
| ARCM12493-sup-0002-ARCM_12493_t1.docxWord 2007 document , 32.3 KB |
Table S1. Results of human osteological and isotopic analyses of enamel apatite (87Sr/86Sr, δ18O, δ13C) |
Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
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