Commentary
Free Access
American exceptionalism and the failure to learn from mistakes of the past
Bryce Pardo,
Corresponding Author
Bryce Pardo
School of Public Policy, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
Search for more papers by this authorBryce Pardo,
Corresponding Author
Bryce Pardo
School of Public Policy, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
Search for more papers by this authorAbstract
References
- 1Hall W., Kozlowski L. T. The diverging trajectories of cannabis and tobacco policies in the United States: reasons and possible implications. Addiction 2018; 113: 595–601.
- 2Caulkins J., Kilmer B., Kleiman M., MacCoun R., Midgette G., Oglesby P. et al. Considering marijuana legalization [internet]. RAND Corporation, 2015. Available at: http://www.rand.org/pubs/research_reports/RR864.html (accessed 24 April 2015).
- 3Ramsey G. Getting Regulation Right: Assessing Uruguay's Historic Cannabis Initiative. Washington, DC: Washington Office on Latin America; 2016.
- 4Pardo B. Cannabis policy reforms in the Americas: a comparative analysis of Colorado, Washington, and Uruguay. Int J Drug Policy 2014; 25: 727–735.
- 5Decorte T. Cannabis social clubs in Belgium: organizational strengths and weaknesses, and threats to the model. Int J Drug Policy 2015; 26: 122–130.
- 6Decorte T., Pardal M., Queirolo R., Boidi M. F., Avilés C. S., Franquero Ò. P. Regulating cannabis social clubs: a comparative analysis of legal and self-regulatory practices in Spain, Belgium and Uruguay. Int J Drug Policy 2017; 43: 44–56.
- 7 Congreso de la Republica Oriental del Uruguay. Control del Tabaquismo [Tobacco Control Laws]. 10 March 2008. Montevideo, Uruguay: Congreso de la Republica Oriental del Uruguay.
- 8Castaldi M., Esposito A. Phillip Morris loses tough-on-tobacco lawsuit in Uruguay. Reuters [internet]. Available at: http://www.reuters.com/article/us-pmi-uruguay-lawsuit-idUSKCN0ZO2LZ (accessed 9 July 2016).
- 9 Government of Canada Health Canada and the Public Health Agency of Canada. A framework for the legalization and regulation of cannabis in Canada [internet]. 2016. Available at: http://healthycanadians.gc.ca/task-force-marijuana-groupe-etude/framework-cadre/index-eng.php (accessed 14 December 2016).
- 10Benzie R., MacCharles T., Campion-Smith B., Ferguson R. Cannabis day is coming soon. What's next for pot plans in Ontario? Toronto Star. thestar.com [internet]. 2017 Mar 27. Available at: https://www.thestar.com/news/queenspark/2017/03/27/cannabis-day-is-coming-soon.html (accessed 29 May 2017).
- 11Aliferis L. California raises age of tobacco purchase to 21 and tightens vaping rules. NPR [internet]. 2016 May 5. Available at: http://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2016/05/05/476872674/california-raises-age-of-tobacco-purchase-to-21-and-tightens-vaping-rules (accessed 20 May 2017).
- 12Chaloupka F. J., Pacula R. L., Farrelly M. C., Johnston L. D., O'Malley P. M. Do higher cigarette prices encourage youth to use marijuana? [internet]. National Bureau of Economic Research; 1999 Feb. Report no.: 6939. Available at: http://www.nber.org/papers/w6939 (accessed 30 May 2017).
- 13Cameron L., Williams J. Cannabis, alcohol and cigarettes: substitutes or complements? Econ Rec 2001; 77: 19–34.
- 14Patton G. C., Coffey C., Carlin J. B., Sawyer S. M., Lynskey M. Reverse gateways? Frequent cannabis use as a predictor of tobacco initiation and nicotine dependence. Addiction 2005; 100: 1518–1525.
- 15Bélanger R. E., Akre C., Kuntsche E., Gmel G., Suris J.-C. Adding tobacco to cannabis—its frequency and likely implications. Nicotine Tob Res 2011; 13: 746–750.
- 16Barry R. A., Glantz S. A public health framework for legalized retail marijuana based on the US experience: avoiding a new tobacco industry. PLOS Med 2016; 13: e1002131.
- 17Subritzky T., Pettigrew S., Lenton S. Issues in the implementation and evolution of the commercial recreational cannabis market in Colorado. Int J Drug Policy 2016; 27: 1–12.