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Enigmatic Glass-Like Carbon from the Alpine Foreland, Southeast Germany: A Natural Carbonization Process
Tatyana G. SHUMILOVA,
Sergey I. ISAENKO,
Vasily V. ULYASHEV,
Boris A. MAKEEV,
Michael A. RAPPENGLÜCK,
Aleksey A. VELIGZHANIN,
Kord ERNSTSON,
Tatyana G. SHUMILOVA
Institute of Geology of Komi Scientific Center of Ural Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Pervomayskaya st. 54, Syktyvkar, 167982 Russia
Hawaii Institute of Geophysics and Planetology, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 1680 East-West Road, Honolulu, HI, 96822 USA
Search for more papers by this authorSergey I. ISAENKO
Institute of Geology of Komi Scientific Center of Ural Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Pervomayskaya st. 54, Syktyvkar, 167982 Russia
Search for more papers by this authorVasily V. ULYASHEV
Institute of Geology of Komi Scientific Center of Ural Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Pervomayskaya st. 54, Syktyvkar, 167982 Russia
Search for more papers by this authorBoris A. MAKEEV
Institute of Geology of Komi Scientific Center of Ural Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Pervomayskaya st. 54, Syktyvkar, 167982 Russia
Search for more papers by this authorMichael A. RAPPENGLÜCK
Institute for Interdisciplinary Studies, Gilching, Germany
Search for more papers by this authorAleksey A. VELIGZHANIN
National Research Center «Kurchatov Institute», Akademika Kurchatova pl. 1, Moscow, 123182 Russia
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Kord ERNSTSON
Faculty of Philosophy I, University of Würzburg, Germany
Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected]Search for more papers by this authorTatyana G. SHUMILOVA,
Sergey I. ISAENKO,
Vasily V. ULYASHEV,
Boris A. MAKEEV,
Michael A. RAPPENGLÜCK,
Aleksey A. VELIGZHANIN,
Kord ERNSTSON,
Tatyana G. SHUMILOVA
Institute of Geology of Komi Scientific Center of Ural Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Pervomayskaya st. 54, Syktyvkar, 167982 Russia
Hawaii Institute of Geophysics and Planetology, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 1680 East-West Road, Honolulu, HI, 96822 USA
Search for more papers by this authorSergey I. ISAENKO
Institute of Geology of Komi Scientific Center of Ural Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Pervomayskaya st. 54, Syktyvkar, 167982 Russia
Search for more papers by this authorVasily V. ULYASHEV
Institute of Geology of Komi Scientific Center of Ural Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Pervomayskaya st. 54, Syktyvkar, 167982 Russia
Search for more papers by this authorBoris A. MAKEEV
Institute of Geology of Komi Scientific Center of Ural Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Pervomayskaya st. 54, Syktyvkar, 167982 Russia
Search for more papers by this authorMichael A. RAPPENGLÜCK
Institute for Interdisciplinary Studies, Gilching, Germany
Search for more papers by this authorAleksey A. VELIGZHANIN
National Research Center «Kurchatov Institute», Akademika Kurchatova pl. 1, Moscow, 123182 Russia
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Kord ERNSTSON
Faculty of Philosophy I, University of Würzburg, Germany
Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected]Search for more papers by this authorFirst published: 27 December 2018
About the first author: Tatyana SHUMILOVA, female, born in Vorkuta, Russian Federation, in December 1967. She received her PhD at the Institute of Geology UB Komi SC UB RAS in 1995. She was habilitated at the Saint-Petersburg Mining University (Leningrad Mining Institute) in 2003. At present she is a head of the Laboratory of Diamond Mineralogy and main scientist at the Institute of Geology UB Komi SC UB RAS and Affiliated Researcher at the University of Hawaii. She published over 50 papers in peer-reviewed journals such as Scientific Reports, Carbon, European Journal of Mineralogy, Mineralogy and Petrology, Doklady Earth Sciences and others.
Abstract
Unusual carbonaceous matter, termed here chiemite, composed of more than 90% C from the Alpine Foreland at Lake Chiemsee in Bavaria, southeastern Germany has been investigated using optical and atomic force microscopy, X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy, scanning and transmission electron microscopy, high-resolution Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and differential thermal analysis, as well as by δ13C and 14C radiocarbon isotopic data analysis. In the pumice-like fragments, poorly ordered carbon matter co-exists with high-ordering monocrystalline α-carbyne, and contains submicrometer-sized inclusions of complex composition. Diamond and carbyne add to the peculiar mix of matter. The required very high temperatures and pressures for carbyne formation point to a shock event probably from the recently proposed Holocene Chiemgau meteorite impact. The carbon material is suggested to have largely formed from heavily shocked coal, vegetation like wood, and peat from the impact target area. The carbonization/coalification high PT process may be attributed to a strong shock that instantaneously caused the complete evaporation and loss of volatile matter and water, which nevertheless preserved the original cellular structure seen fossilized in many fragments. Relatively fresh wood encapsulated in the purported strongly shocked matter point to quenched carbon melt components possibly important for the discussion of survival of organic matter in meteorite impacts, implying an astrobiological relationship.
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